Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Compete with idodide for uptake into the thyroid gland follicular cells via Na/Iodide symporter, thereby decreasing intrathyroidal supply of iodide available for thyrodi hormone synthesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Compete with idodide for uptake into the thyroid gland follicular cells via Na/Iodide symporter, thereby decreasing intrathyroidal supply of iodide available for thyrodi hormone synthesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Compete with idodide for uptake into the thyroid gland follicular cells via Na/Iodide symporter, thereby decreasing intrathyroidal supply of iodide available for thyrodi hormone synthesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Radioacgi e iodide strongly emits beta-particles that are toxic to thyroid follicular cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| High-concentration iodide inhibits iodide uptake and organification via Wolff-Chaikoff effect |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inhibits thyroid peroxidase and conversion of T4 to T3 (competes with throglobulin for oxidied iodide) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inhibits thyroid peroxidase and conversion of T4 to T3 (competes with throglobulin for oxidied iodide) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Block 5'-deiodinase, thereby inhibiting T4 to T3 conversion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Block 5'-deiodinase, thereby inhibiting T4 to T3 conversion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Block 5'-deiodinase, thereby inhibiting T4 to T3 conversion |
|
|
Term
| Levothyroxine - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
| Hypothroridism, Myxedema coma |
|
|
Term
| Liothyronine - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
| Hypothroridism, Myxedema coma |
|
|
Term
| Perchlorate - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
| Hyperthyroidism, Radiocontrast agents |
|
|
Term
| Thiocyanate - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
| Hyperthyroidism, Radiocontrast agents |
|
|
Term
| Pertechnetate - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
| Hyperthyroidism, Radiocontrast agents |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hyperthyroidism; thyrotoxicosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hyperthyroidism; prep for thyroid surgery, pts w/ acutal/impending thyrotoxic crisis, sever throcardiac dx, or actual surgical emergencies |
|
|
Term
| Propylthiouracil - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Methimazole - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Amiodarone - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
| Hypertension, Angina, Heart Failure, Pheochromocytoma |
|
|
Term
| Propranolol - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
| Hypertension, Angina, Heart Failure, Pheochromocytoma, impending/actual thyroid storm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hypertension, Angina, Heart Failure, Pheochromocytoma, Thyroid Storm |
|
|
Term
| Levothyroxine - Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
| Hyperthyroidism, Osteopenia, Pseudotumor cerebri, Seizure, MI |
|
|
Term
| Liothyronine - Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
| Hyperthyroidism, Osteopenia, Pseudotumor cerebri, Seizure, MI |
|
|
Term
| Perchlorate - Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
| hypothyroidism(extensive radiographic studies), aplastic anemia |
|
|
Term
| Thiocyanate - Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
| hyporthryoidism(extensive radiographic studies) |
|
|
Term
| Pertechnetate - Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
| hypothroidism (extensive radiographic studies), GI irritation (used in radiocontrast agentsmay) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| May worsen ophthalmopathy in Grave's disease, hypothroidism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Acneiform, drug fever, sialadenitis, conjunctivitis and rhinits, vasculitis and leukemoid eosinophilic granulocytosis, may worsen toxic goiter symptoms |
|
|
Term
| Propylthiouracil - Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
| pruritic rash (early and may spontaneously remit), arthralgias, agranulocytosis, hepatotoxicity, vasculitis, goiter formaition, hypothryoidism (if given in excessive amounts over long periods) |
|
|
Term
| Methimazole - Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
| pruritic rash (early and may spontaneously remit), arthralgias, agranulocytosis, hepatotoxicity, vasculitis, goiter formaition, hypothryoidism (if given in excessive amounts over long periods) |
|
|
Term
| Amiodarone - Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
| can cause hyperthyroidism |
|
|
Term
| Propranolol - Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
| Relatively free of ADE; bronchospasm, AV block, bradyarrhythmia, sedation, decreased libido, mask sx hypoglycemia, depression, dyspnea, wheezing |
|
|
Term
| Esmolol - Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
| Relatively free of ADE; (rare) arrhythmias, asystole, bradycardia, heart block, HF, hypotension, sinus arrest, neutropenia, pancytopenia, hepatic failure, severe pulmonary toxicity, thyroid dysfunction; (common) fatigure, corneal microdepositys, blue-gray skin pigmentation, photosensitivity |
|
|
Term
| Levothyroxine - Cautions/Contraindications |
|
Definition
| Contra: Acute MI, uncorrected adrenal cortical insufficiency, untreated thyrotoxicosis |
|
|
Term
| Liothyronine - Cautions/Contraindications |
|
Definition
| Contra: Acute MI, uncorrected adrenal cortical insufficiency, untreated thyrotoxicosis |
|
|
Term
| Perchlorate - Cautions/Contraindications |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Thiocyanate - Cautions/Contraindications |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pertechnetate - Cautions/Contraindications |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| I-131 - Cautions/Contraindications |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Iodide - Cautions/Contraindications |
|
Definition
| May retard response to thionamides, decrease radioiodine uptake (prevent tx for several weeks), withdrawal after increasing hormone pool amy exacerbate the disorder |
|
|
Term
| Propylthiouracil - Cautions/Contraindications |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Methimazole - Cautions/Contraindications |
|
Definition
| Use during pregnancy has been associated with aplasia cutis |
|
|
Term
| Amiodarone - Cautions/Contraindications |
|
Definition
| Pts receiving ritonavir, severe SA-node dx, 2nd or 3rd degree AV block, bradycardia w/ syncope |
|
|
Term
| Propranolol - Cautions/Contraindications |
|
Definition
| Contra: heart block, CHF, possibly asthma or COPD, |
|
|
Term
| Esmolol - Cautions/Contraindications |
|
Definition
| Contra: heart block, CHF, possibly asthma or COPD, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Saturated solution of potassium iodide, Lugol's solution, triturate and admin via stomach tube |
|
|
Term
| Levothyroxine - Therapeutic Considerations |
|
Definition
| Cholestyramine and Na polystyrene sulfonate decrease absorption of synthetic thyroid hormone; Rifampin and phenytoin increase metabolism; usually preferred tx of hypothroidisim due to longer elimination t1/2 of T4 |
|
|
Term
| Liothyronine - Therapeutic Considerations |
|
Definition
| Cholestyramine and Na polystyrene sulfonate decrease absorption of synthetic thyroid hormone; Rifampin and phenytoin increase metabolism; may be preferred in myxedema coma due to faster onset of action |
|
|
Term
| Perchlorate - Therapeutic Considerations |
|
Definition
| Frequently used as radiocontrast agentes, use limited in hyperthyroidism due to risk of aplasatic anemia |
|
|
Term
| Thiocyanate - Therapeutic Considerations |
|
Definition
| Frequently used as radiocontrast agentes, use limited in hyperthyroidism due to risk of aplasatic anemia |
|
|
Term
| Pertechnetate - Therapeutic Considerations |
|
Definition
| Frequently used as radiocontrast agentes, use limited in hyperthyroidism due to risk of aplasatic anemia |
|
|
Term
| I-131 - Therapeutic Considerations |
|
Definition
| Alternative to surgery in hyperthyroidism, excess radiation may destroy thyroid causing hypothryoidism |
|
|
Term
| Iodide - Therapeutic Considerations |
|
Definition
| Temporary suppression of thryoid gland function, used before thyroid gland surgery to allow technically easier excision |
|
|
Term
| Propylthiouracil - Therapeutic Considerations |
|
Definition
| Preferred to methimazole for thyroid storm and pregnancy; dosed TID |
|
|
Term
| Methimazole - Therapeutic Considerations |
|
Definition
| Can be administered once daily, fewer ADE than propylthiouracil |
|
|
Term
| Amiodarone - Therapeutic Considerations |
|
Definition
| can cause hypothyroidism via Wolff-Chaikoff effect, or hyperthroidism since excess iodid load can lead to increased thyroid hormone synthesis and release |
|
|
Term
| Esmolol - Therapeutic Considerations |
|
Definition
| Preferred B-antagonist for tx thyroid storm - rapid onset of action, short elimination t 1/2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitor |
|
|
Term
| Insulin Lispro - Drug Class |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Insulin Aspart - Drug Class |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Insulin Glulisine - Drug Class |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Insulin Detemir - Drug Class |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Insulin Glargine - Drug Class |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Acetohexamide - Drug Class |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chlorpropamide - Drug Class |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pioglitazone - Drug Class |
|
Definition
| Thiazolidinediones (insulin sensitizers) |
|
|
Term
| Rosiglitazone - Drug Class |
|
Definition
| Thiazolidinediones (insulin sensitizers) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Biguanides (insuiln sensitizers) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bind intestinal brush border alpha-glucosidase enzymes and reversibly inhibit increasing time required for abosrption of carbohydrates and reducing the postprandial peak in blood sugar |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bind intestinal brush border alpha-glucosidase enzymes and reversibly inhibit increasing time required for abosrption of carbohydrates and reducing the postprandial peak in blood sugar |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Replaces endogenous insulin which promotes the uptake and storage of glucose andother small, energy-containing molecules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Replaces endogenous insulin which promotes the uptake and storage of glucose andother small, energy-containing molecules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Replaces endogenous insulin which promotes the uptake and storage of glucose andother small, energy-containing molecules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Replaces endogenous insulin which promotes the uptake and storage of glucose andother small, energy-containing molecules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Replaces endogenous insulin which promotes the uptake and storage of glucose andother small, energy-containing molecules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Replaces endogenous insulin which promotes the uptake and storage of glucose andother small, energy-containing molecules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stimulates insulin release by binding SUR1 (higher affinity than SUR2) and inhibiting beta-cell K/ATP channel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stimulates insulin release by binding SUR1 (higher affinity than SUR2) and inhibiting beta-cell K/ATP channel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stimulates insulin release by binding SUR1 (higher affinity than SUR2) and inhibiting beta-cell K/ATP channel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stimulates insulin release by binding SUR1 (higher affinity than SUR2) and inhibiting beta-cell K/ATP channel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stimulates insulin release by binding SUR1 (higher affinity than SUR2) and inhibiting beta-cell K/ATP channel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stimulates insulin release by binding SUR1 (higher affinity than SUR2) and inhibiting beta-cell K/ATP channel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stimulates insulin release by binding SUR1 (higher affinity than SUR2) and inhibiting beta-cell K/ATP channel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stimulate insulin release by binding SUR0 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stimulate insulin release by binding SUR1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Enhances action of insulin at target tissues. Acts as agonist for nuclear hormone receptor (PPAR-gamma) which activates transcription of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism. Increase insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue; little effect in liver and muscle cells in vitro. Increase expression GLUT 1 and GLUT 4), decrease FFA levels, decrease hepatic glucose output and increased differentiation of preadipocytes into adipocytes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Enhances action of insulin at target tissues. Acts as agonist for nuclear hormone receptor (PPAR-gamma) which activates transcription of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism. Increase insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue; little effect in liver and muscle cells in vitro. Increase expression GLUT 1 and GLUT 4) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Activates AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPPK) blocking breakdown of fatty acids and inhibiting hepatic gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis. Secondarily increases insulin signaling (inreased receptor activity) and metabolic responsiveness by liver and skeletal muscle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| long-acting analogue of GLP-1, slightly increases insulin secretion, supresses glucagon secretion, slows rate of nutrient entry into circulation, decreases appetite |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Selective inhibitor of DPP-IV thereby elevating GLP-1 levels, [insulin], decreases [glucagon], increase responsiveness of insulin release to oral glucose load |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Reduces food intake and depresses GI motility by binding amylin receptor in CNS. Also suppresses postprandial release of glucagon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Binds SUR1 subunit K/ATP channes, stabilizing in the ATP-bound state keeping hyperpolarized |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| longer acting than endogenous somatostatin, blocks hormone relesase from endocrine-secreting tumors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Acarbose - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
| Reduce fasting and postprandial BG, HbA1c (0.7 - 0.9%) |
|
|
Term
| Miglitol - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
| Reduce fasting and postprandial BG, HbA1c (0.7 - 0.9%) |
|
|
Term
| Insulin Lispro - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
Control BG levels
Ultra-rapid acting |
|
|
Term
| Insulin Aspart - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
Control BG levels
Ultra-rapid acting |
|
|
Term
| Insulin Glulisine - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
Control BG levels
Ultra-rapid acting |
|
|
Term
| NPH insulin - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
Control BG levels
Intermediate acting |
|
|
Term
| Insulin Detemir - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
Control BG levels
long acting mimicing basal insulin |
|
|
Term
| Insulin Glargine - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
Control BG levels
long acting mimicing basal insulin |
|
|
Term
| Acetohexamide - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
| Type II DM, stimulate insulin release |
|
|
Term
| Chlorpropamide - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
| Type II DM, stimulate insulin release |
|
|
Term
| Tolazamide - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
| Type II DM, stimulate insulin release |
|
|
Term
| Tolbutamide - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
| Type II DM, stimulate insulin release |
|
|
Term
| Glimiperide - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
| Type II DM, stimulate insulin release |
|
|
Term
| Glipizide - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
| Type II DM, stimulate insulin release |
|
|
Term
| Glyburide - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
| Type II DM, stimulate insulin release |
|
|
Term
| Nateglinide - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
| Type II DM, stimulate insulin release |
|
|
Term
| Repaglinide - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
| Type II DM, stimulate insulin release |
|
|
Term
| Pioglitazone - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
| Lower BG and insulin levels in Type II DM, sensitize peripheral tissues to insulin, polycystic ovarian syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Rosiglitazone - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
| Lower BG and insulin levels in Type II DM, sensitize peripheral tissues to insulin, polycystic ovarian syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Metformin - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
| Lower BG and insulin levels in Type II DM, PCOS, lower serum lipids and decrease weight |
|
|
Term
| Exenatide - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
| Improve glucose control in combo with metformin of sulfonylurea |
|
|
Term
| Sitagliptin - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pramlintide - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
| Type I and II DM, reduces HbA1c (0.4%) and weight |
|
|
Term
| Diazoxide - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
| stabilize hypoglycemic pts preoperatively |
|
|
Term
| Octreotide - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
| stabilize hypoglycemic pts preoperatively |
|
|
Term
| Glucagon - Toward Effects |
|
Definition
| trreat severe hypoglycemia, intestinal relaxant before radiographic or MRI of GI tract |
|
|
Term
| Acarbose- Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
| Common: flatulence, bloating, abdominal disconfort & diarrhea. Usually diminish with continued use. |
|
|
Term
| Miglitol- Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
| Common: flatulence, bloating, abdominal disconfort & diarrhea. Usually diminish with continued use. |
|
|
Term
| Insulin Lispro- Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
| Hypoglycemia (Type I and II), weight gain due to increased glucose uptake in adipose (Type II) |
|
|
Term
| Insulin Aspart- Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
| Hypoglycemia (Type I and II), weight gain due to increased glucose uptake in adipose (Type II) |
|
|
Term
| Insulin Glulisine- Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
| Hypoglycemia (Type I and II), weight gain due to increased glucose uptake in adipose (Type II) |
|
|
Term
| NPH insulin- Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
| Hypoglycemia (Type I and II), weight gain due to increased glucose uptake in adipose (Type II) |
|
|
Term
| Insulin Detemir- Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
| Hypoglycemia (Type I and II), weight gain due to increased glucose uptake in adipose (Type II) |
|
|
Term
| Insulin Glargine- Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
| Hypoglycemia (Type I and II), weight gain due to increased glucose uptake in adipose (Type II) |
|
|
Term
| Acetohexamide- Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
| Hyopglycemia from insulin oversecretion, weight gain (small decrease in circulating lipids) |
|
|
Term
| Chlorpropamide- Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
| Hyopglycemia from insulin oversecretion, weight gain (small decrease in circulating lipids) |
|
|
Term
| Tolazamide- Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
| Hyopglycemia from insulin oversecretion, weight gain (small decrease in circulating lipids) |
|
|
Term
| Tolbutamide- Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
| Hyopglycemia from insulin oversecretion, weight gain (small decrease in circulating lipids) |
|
|
Term
| Glimiperide- Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
| Few other than Hyopglycemia |
|
|
Term
| Glipizide- Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
| Hyopglycemia from insulin oversecretion, weight gain (small decrease in circulating lipids) |
|
|
Term
| Glyburide- Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
| Hyopglycemia from insulin oversecretion, weight gain (small decrease in circulating lipids) |
|
|
Term
| Nateglinide- Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
| Hypoglycemia, weight gain |
|
|
Term
| Repaglinide- Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
| Hypoglycemia, weight gain |
|
|
Term
| Pioglitazone- Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
Weight gain and decreased circulating triglyceride and FFAs, less hepatotoxicity than original TZD
Rare: anemia or edema |
|
|
Term
| Rosiglitazone- Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
Weight gain and decreased circulating triglyceride and FFAs, less hepatotoxicity than original TZD
Rare: anemia or edema |
|
|
Term
| Metformin- Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
Common: mild GI distress (usually transient)
Lactic acidosis |
|
|
Term
| Exenatide- Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
| Nausea, hypoglycemia (increased risk when used with sulfonylureas) |
|
|
Term
| Sitagliptin- Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
| increases respiratory tract infections, nasopharyngitis and Has |
|
|
Term
| Pramlintide - Adverse Effects |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Acarbose -Cautions/Contraindications |
|
Definition
Contra: IBD
Caution: monitor serum aminotransferase levels, associated with sm inreases in plasma triglycerides |
|
|
Term
| Miglitol -Cautions/Contraindications |
|
Definition
Contra: IBD
Caution: monitor serum aminotransferase levels, associated with sm inreases in plasma triglycerides |
|
|
Term
| Insulin Detemir -Cautions/Contraindications |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Insulin Glargine -Cautions/Contraindications |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Acetohexamide -Cautions/Contraindications |
|
Definition
| may cause severe hypoglycemia in elderly due to decreased renal clearance |
|
|
Term
| Chlorpropamide -Cautions/Contraindications |
|
Definition
| may cause severe hypoglycemia in elderly due to decreased renal clearance |
|
|
Term
| Tolazamide -Cautions/Contraindications |
|
Definition
| hypoglycemia may occur in pts taking medications that compete for liver oxidation (i.e. warfarin, phenylbutazone, or sulfonamides) |
|
|
Term
| Glimiperide -Cautions/Contraindications |
|
Definition
| Caution in pts with cardiovascular dx and elderly (long t 1/2) |
|
|
Term
| Glipizide -Cautions/Contraindications |
|
Definition
| Contra: hepatic impairment |
|
|
Term
| Metformin -Cautions/Contraindications |
|
Definition
| Caution: pts predisposing to metabolic acidosis (hepatic dx, HF, respiratory dx, hypoxemia, severe infection, alcohol abuse, tendency to ketoacidosis), renal dx and elderly (bc of renal excretion) |
|
|
Term
| Pramlintide -Cautions/Contraindications |
|
Definition
| Reduce short-acting or premixed insulin dose 50% |
|
|
Term
| Insulin Lispro -Route of Admin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Insulin Aspart -Route of Admin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Insulin Glulisine -Route of Admin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| NPH insulin -Route of Admin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Insulin Detemir -Route of Admin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Insulin Glargine -Route of Admin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Acetohexamide -Route of Admin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chlorpropamide -Route of Admin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tolazamide -Route of Admin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tolbutamide -Route of Admin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Glimiperide -Route of Admin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Glipizide -Route of Admin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Glyburide -Route of Admin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Nateglinide -Route of Admin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Repaglinide -Route of Admin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pioglitazone -Route of Admin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rosiglitazone -Route of Admin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Metformin -Route of Admin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Exenatide -Route of Admin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sitagliptin -Route of Admin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pramlintide -Route of Admin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| B28 Pro and B29 Lys swapped to B28 Lys and B29 Pro; neutral pH, clear soln, sm amts zinc |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| B28 Pro replaced with B28 Asp; neutral pH, clear soln, sm amts zinc |
|
|
Term
| Insulin Glulisine - Other |
|
Definition
| B3 Asn to B3 Lys, B29 Lys to B29 Glu; neutral pH, clear soln, sm amts zinc |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Insulin combined with protamine (prolongs abs); zinc in neutral pH, cloudy soln |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| B30 Thr deleted, 14-C fatty chain attached to B29 Lys; FA chain leads to slow dissociation, more lipophilic, zinc further stabilizes; clear with neutral pH |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A21 Asn to A21 Gly, Two Arg added to C-terminal to give B31 and B32; less soluble when injected; clear with acidic pH |
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Term
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Definition
| Liver Metabolized to metabolites 2x as active, diuretic and uricosuric activity, duration 12-18hr, rarely used now |
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Term
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Definition
| Liver Metabolized, rarely used now, duration of action >60hr, disulfiram-rxn |
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Term
|
Definition
| Liver metabolized to inactive metabolites, diuretic activity, short duration of action so probably safest in elderly |
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Term
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Definition
| More slowly absorbed than other sulfonylureas (may last up to 20hrs); devoid of disulfiram-like or water-retaining effects |
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Term
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Definition
| Long t 1/2, liver metabolized to low activity metabolites, effects peresist 24hr |
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Term
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Definition
| 90% metabolized in liver it inactive pdts, lower potentcy and short t 1/2 so preferable in elderly, ingest 30min b4 breakfast for max effect |
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Term
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Definition
| Long t 1/2, completely metabolized in liver to inactive metabolites, achieves BG lowering with lowest dose of any sulfonylurea |
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Term
|
Definition
| Rapid absorption in intestine, metabolized in liver (t 1/2 = 1.5hr) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Rapid absorption in intestine, metabolized in liver (t 1/2 < 1hr), may be useful in pt with renal impairment or elderly, no significant advantages over short-acting sulfonylureas |
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Term
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Definition
| No hypoglycemia as don't change insulin levels, may remove necessity for insulin |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| No hypoglycemia as don't change insulin levels, may remove necessity for insulin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| No increased risk hypoglycemia, no weight loss like exenatide |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Given immediately before meal |
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Term
|
Definition
| Requires sufficient hepatic store of glycogen |
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