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Pharmaceutics Exam 1
Pharmaceutics Excipients with First Example
41
Science
Professional
09/21/2013

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Term
Acidifying Agent
Definition

Used in a liquid preparation to provide acidic medium for product stability

 

1) citric acid

Term
Alkalinizing Agent
Definition
Used in liquid preparation to provide alkaline medium for product stability

1) ammonia solution
Term
Adsorbent
Definition
An agent capable of holding other molecules onto its surface by physical or chemical means

1) powdered cellulose
Term
Aerosol propellant
Definition
Agent responsible for developing the pressure within an aerosol container and expelling the product when the valve is opened

1) carbon dioxide
Term
Air displacement
Definition
Agent employed to displace air in a hermetically sealed container to enhance product stability

1) nitrogen
Term
Antifungal preservative
Definition
Used in liquid and semisolid preparations to prevent growth of fungi. Effectiveness of parabens is usually enhanced by use in combination

1) butylparaben
Term
Antimicrobial preservative
Definition
Used in liquid and semisolid preparations to prevent growth of microorganisms

1) benzalkonium chloride
Term
Antioxidant
Definition
Used to prevent deterioration of preparations by oxidation

1) ascorbic acid
Term
Buffering agent
Definition
Used to resist change in pH upon dilution or addition of acid or alkali

1) potassium metaphosphate
Term
Chelating agent
Definition
Substance that forms stable water soluble complexes with metals

1) edetic acid
Term
Colorant
Definition
Used to impart color to liquid and solid

1) FD&C Red No. 3
Term
Clarifying agent
Definition
Used as a filtering aid for its adsorbent qualities

1) bentonite
Term
Emulsifying agent
Definition
Used to promote and maintain dispersion of finely subdivided particles of liquid in a vehicle in which it is immiscible

1) acacia
Term
Encapsulating agent
Definition
Used to form thin shells to enclose a drug for ease of administration

1) gelatin
Term
Flavorant
Definition
Used to impart a pleasant flavor and often odor to a preparation

1) anise oil
Term
Humectant
Definition
Used to prevent drying of preparations, ie: ointments and creams

1) glycerin
Term
Levigating agent
Definition
Liquid used as an intervening agent to reduce the particle size of a powder by grinding in a mortar

1) mineral oil
Term
Ointment base
Definition
Semisolid vehicle for medicated ointments

1) lanolin
Term
Plasticizer
Definition
Component of film coating solutions to make film more pliable, enhance spread of coat over tablets, beads and granules

1) diethyl phthalate
Term
Solvent
Definition
Used to dissolve another substance in preparation of a solution

1) alcohol
Term
Stiffening agent
Definition
Used to increase thickness or hardness of a preparation; ie: ointment

1) cetyl alcohol
Term
Suppository base
Definition
Vehicle for suppositories

1) cocoa butter
Term
Surfactant
Definition
Substances that absorb to surfaces or interfaces to reduce surface or interfacial tension

1) benzalkonium chloride
Term
Suspending agent
Definition
Viscosity increasing agent used to reduce sedimentation rate of particles in a vehicle in which they are not soluble

1) agar
Term
Sweetening agent
Definition
Used to impart sweetness to a preparation

1) aspartame
Term
Tablet antiadherants
Definition
Prevent tablet ingredients from sticking to punches and dies during production

1) magnesium stearate
Term
Tablet and capsule diluent
Definition
Inert filler to create desired bulk, flow properties and compression characteristics of tablets and capsules

1) dibasic calcium phosphate
Term
Sugar coating
Definition
Generally start to break up in the stomach

1) liquid glucose
Term
Film coating
Definition
Forms a thin cover around a formed tablet or bead and normally dissolves in the stomach

1) hydroxyethyl cellulose
Term
Enteric coating
Definition
Passes through the stomach to break up in the intestines

1) cellulose acetate phthalate
Term
Tablet direct compression excipient
Definition
Used in direct compression tablet formulation

1) dibasic calcium phosphate
Term
Tablet disintegrant
Definition
Used in solid forms to promote disruption of the mass into smaller particles more readily dispersed or dissolved

1) alginic acid
Term
Tablet glidant
Definition
Used in tablet and capsule formulations to improve flow properties of the powder mixture

1) colloidal silica
Term
Tablet lubricant
Definition
Used in tablet formulations to reduce friction during tablet compression

1) calcium stearate
Term
Tablet or capsule opaquant
Definition
Used to render a coating opaque

1)titanium dioxide
Term
Tablet polishing agent
Definition
Used to impart an attractive sheen to coated tablets

1) carnauba wax
Term
Tonicity agent
Definition
Used to render solution similar in osmotic dextrose characteristics to physiologic fluids

1) sodium chloride
Term
Flavored, sweetened vehicle
Definition
Carrying agent used in formulating a variety of liquids for oral and parenteral administration. Oral liquids are aqueous or hydroalcoholic

1) acacia syrup
Term
Oleaginous vehicle
Definition
Solutions for intravenous use are aqueous, whereas intramuscular injections may be aqueous or oleaginous

1) corn oil
Term
Sterile vehicle
Definition
Carrying agent used in formulating a variety of liquids for oral and parenteral administration

1) bacteriostatic sodium
Term
viscosity increasing agent
Definition
Used to render preparations more resistant to flow. Used in suspensions to deter sedimentation in ophthalmic solutions to enhance contact time, to thicken topical creams

1) alginic acid
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