Oral Transdermal Vaginal IM

HRT/OC (often w/ pregesterone)

HRT: Replace what is lacking

OC: Convince body its pregnant (inhibit FSH/LH)

ADR's: Nausea/HA/↑ risk of clotting>35yo or smokers

Conjugated - Premarin

Estradiol - Estrace

Vivelle

Climara

Estraderm

Prempro

Premphase

Alendronate - Fosamax

Risendronate - Actonel

Ibandronate - Boniva

Inhibits osteoclastic activity: Osteoporisis/Paget's

Poor absorption, little metabolism, 10yr 1/2 life

ADR's: Nausea, Reflux, Osteonecrosis of jaw

Rapid Acting

Short Acting

Intermediate Acting

Long Acting

Mixtures

Insulin Aspart - Novolog

Insulin Lispro - Humalog

Humalin R

Novolin R

Humulin N

Novolin N

Humulin 70/30, 50/50 (intermediate/short)

Humalog 75/25 (intermediate/rapid)

Glipizide - Glucotrol/Glucotrol XL

Glyburide - Diabeta/Micronase

Glimepiride - Amaryl

MOA: binds to beta receptors and increases insulin release

ADR's: Hypoglycemia, Drug interactions

Amaryl specific: Tachycardia, hypokalemia, interacts w/non-selective beta-blockers

Metformin - Glucophage/Glucophage XR Glyburide/Metformin - Glucovance

MOA: ↓ gluconeogenesis, ↓ glucose absorption, ↑ insulin sensitivity, doesn't cause hypoglycemia

ADR's: Lactic acidosis, creatinine contraindication 

Pioglitazone - Actos

Rosiglitazone - Avandia

MOA: PPRA gamma gene modulation, ↑ insulin sensitivity

ADR's: Swelling, liver issues (hepatotoxic), CV failure

Repaglinide - Prandin

Nateglinide - Starlinx

Topical

Injection

Enemas

Tabs

Prednisone

Methylprednisolone

>7.5mg dose >2wks requires tapering off 

Levothyroxine - Synthroid/Levoxyl/Levothroid

Well absorbed, >99% protein bound,

Hepatic metabolism, 7 day 1/2 life

Would indicate overdose (hyperthyroidism)

Loop - Inhibit Na/K/Cl Cotransporter @ thick ascending loop; MOST POTENT; innefective in renal failure;  Hypokalemia/Dehydration/Hyponatremia/Toxicity w/ACE

Thiazide - Inhibits Na/Cl Cotransporter at DCT; Mild; Hypokalemia/Hypercalcemia

K Sparing - Antagonize effects of aldosterone @ cortical CD / late DCT; Mild; Hyperkalemia/Gynomastia

Furosemide - Lasix

Bumetanide - Bumex

Torsemide - Demedex

Ethacrinic acid

Hydroclorothiazide HCTZ

Chlorthiladone

Metolazone - Zaroxolyn

Spironolactone

Triamterene

Sildenafil - Viagra; 4hrs

Vardenafil - Levitra; 4-6hrs

Tadalafil - Cialis; 36hrs

Prazosin - Minipress; worst for hypotension

Terazosin - Hytrin

Doxazosin - Cardura

Tamsulosin - Flowmax; Alpha 1a specific

ADR's: Hypotension, Fatigue, Dizziness, Asthenia; minimized by slow titration/QHS dosing

Oxybtynin - Ditropan

Tolterodine - Detrol *highly specific*

Oxytrol patch

M3 Specific

Trosplum - Sanctura

Fesoteridine - Toviaz

Darifenacin - Enablex

Solifenacin - Vesicare

MOA: Bind to muscarinic receptor on SM of bladder

ADR's: Can't See/Pee/Spit/Shit, blurry vision, impaired cognition, dizziness, fatigue, dyspepsia

Allopurinol - Xanthine oxidase inhibitor = ↓ Uric Acid

Colchicine - ↓ lactic acid production by leukocytes/↓ inflammatory respones to crystals

Monophasic - Fixed dose of estrogen/progesterone throughout cycle

Biphasic - Estrogen stays the same for first 21 days; Progesterone lower 1st half/higher 2nd half

Triphasic - Estrogen stays the same; Progesterone changes through cycle

Albuterol Aerosol - Short Acting "rescue"

Salmeterol - Long Acting "lipophilic"

MOA: B2 agonist = bronchodilation

*Most common Tx for asthma*

ADR's: Tachycardia, hypokalemia, interactions w/non-selective Beta-blockers

>1 canister/mo = overuse

Budesonide - Pulmicort

Fluticasone - Flovent

MOA: ↓ cytokines, ↓ inflammation/mucous production

ADR's: HA, throat itch, wheezing, thrush

Ipatropium - Atrovent; Short acting QID

Tiotropium - Spiriva; Long acting QD

MOA: competitively inhibit Ach @ muscarinic receptors in airway = ↓ constriction/mucus

Combo Meds

Ipatropium/Albuterol - Combivent

Salmeterol/Fluticasone - Advair

1st Gen: Benadryl - 4-6hrs

2nd Gen - 12-24hrs

Cetirizine - Zyrtec

Levocertizine - Xyzal

Fexofenadine - Allegra

Desloratidine - Clarinex

Misc: Olopatadine - Patanol (for watery eyes)

MOA: Antagonist to H1 receptors

1st Gen - central & peripheral

2nd Gen - peripheral (less ADR's)

Triamcinolone Acetonide - Nasacort AQ

Budesonide - Rhinocort Aqua

Fluticasone - Flonase

Mometasone - Nasonex

MOA: Same as inhaled steroid

Montelukast - Singulair

MOA: Bind to LTD4/LTE4 receptors

Cimetidine - Tagamet

Ranitidine - Zantac

Famotidine - Pepcid

MOA: Block H2 receptors on parietal cells and prevent acid production

Potency: 60-70% of acid reduction

Omeprazole - Prilosec

Esemeprazole - Nexium

Rabeprazole - Aciphex

Pantoprazole - Protonix

Lansoprazole - Prevacid

MOA: Prodrugs that are activated by acid transport then bind covalently to H/K ATPase enzymes

Potency: 90-98% acid reduction

*↓ availability w/ food....Take on empty stomach*

Ondansetron - Zofran: 5-HT3 receptor antagonist

Prochlorperazine - Compazine

Promethazine - Phenergan: CTZ inhibitor of DA/Cholenergic transmission & ↓ gastric irritants

Sucralfate - Carafate

MOA: Creates a physical barrier over ulcers & stimulate prostaglandin/bicarb secretion

Exenatide - Byetta

Liraglutide -  Victoza

Ciprofloxacin - Cilox

Oflaxacin - Occuflox

Tobramycin/Dexamethasone - Tobradex