Term
SNS "Speeds":
___ Nerves: Dilates pupils, inhibits salivation, increases HR, bronchodilation, inhibits digestion, release glucose
___ Nerves: Secretes epi/norepinephrine, relaxes bladder, inhibits sex organs |
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Definition
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Term
PNS "Peace":
___ Nerves: Constricts pupils, stimulates saliva, bronchoconstriction, lowers HR, increases digestion and gallbladder
___ Nerves: Contracts bladder, stimulates sex organs |
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Definition
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Term
Adrenaline always has to do with ___.
Cholinergic always has to do with ___. |
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Definition
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Term
The primary neurotransmitter of the PNS is ___.
The primary neurotransmitters of the SNS are ___, ___, and ___. |
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Definition
Acetylcholine
Norepineprhine, Epineprhine, Dopamine |
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Term
| "Can't see, pee, sit, or sh**" refers to ____. |
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Definition
| Anticholinergics (Muscarinic blockers) |
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Term
| Acetycholine is an example of a __1__ neurotransmitter. __2__ destroys Ach. |
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Definition
1. PNS
2. Acetylcholinesterase |
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Term
| What is an example of an SNS neurotransmitter that comes in 2 forms? What are these forms? |
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Definition
| Norepinephrine; Alpha and beta |
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Term
| What destroys norepinephrine? |
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Definition
| Monoamine Oxidase or COMT |
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Term
What cholinergic receptor works at the synapse?
What cholinergic receptor works at the target tissue? |
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Definition
1. Nicotinic
2. Muscarinic |
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Term
Sympthomimetics:
1. ___ Heart Rate
2. ____ Bronchial Passages
3.Release _____ |
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Definition
1. Increase heart rate
2. Open bronchiole passages
3. Release Glucose |
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Term
| Sympathomimetics can create what 3 problems? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Albuterol
Salmeterol
Dobutamine
Dopamine
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Phenylephrine
A Speedy Day Does Not End Peacfully |
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Term
| Albuterol works at the ____ receptor and is used for ____. |
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Definition
Beta 2
Asthma
*Sympathomimetic |
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Term
| Salmeterol works at the ____ receptor and is used for ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Dobutamine works at the _____ receptor and is a ____ ____. |
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Definition
Beta 1
Cardiac Stimulant
*Sympathomimetic |
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Term
| Dopamine works at the ___ and ___ receptors and is used for ____. |
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Definition
Alpha 1 and beta 1
Shock
*Sympathomimetic |
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Term
| Epinephrine (Adrenaline) works on the ___ and ___ receptors and is used for ___ and ___. |
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Definition
Alpha and beta
Cardiac arrest and asthma
*Sympathomimetic |
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Term
| Norepinephrine (Levophed) works on the ___ and ___ receptors and is used for ___. |
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Definition
Alpha 1 and beta 1
Shock
*Sympathomimetic |
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Term
| Phenylephrine works on the ___ receptors and is used for ___ ___ and ___ ___. |
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Definition
Alpha
Nasal congestion and acute hypoTN
*Sympathomimetic |
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Term
| Parasympathomimetic are also called ___ ___. |
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Definition
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Term
4 Side Effects of Parasympathomimetics.
(Stimulate the PNS)
1. Increase ____ and _____
2. ____ gastric motility.
3. ____ bronchial constriction.
4. ____ heart rate. |
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Definition
1. Rest and digest
2. Increase gastric motility
3. Increase bronchial constriction
4. Decrease HR |
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Term
| Name 4 indirect-acting Parasympathomimetics (Cholinesterase inhibitors). What do they do? |
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Definition
1. Donezepil (Aracept) helps myasthenia gravis
2. Edrophonium (Tensilon) dx's myasthenia
3. Neostigmine is used for myasthenia
4. Tacrine (Cognex) is used for Alzheimer's |
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Term
| Anticholinergics are also called _____ ____. |
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Definition
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Term
Anticholinergics:
1. ___ PNS
2. _____ pupils
3. _____ heart rate
4. Dry _____
5. Relax _____ |
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Definition
1. Decrease
2. Dilates
3. Increases
4. Secretions
5. Bronchioles |
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Term
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Definition
1. Atropine
2. Benztropine (Cogentin)
3. Dicyclomine (Bentyl)
4. Ipratropium (Atrovent)
5. Tiotropium (Spiriva)
6. Trihexyphenadyl (Artane) |
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Term
What are these drugs for?
1. Atropine: ___ ___ ___
2. Benztropine(cogentin): ___
3. Dicyclomine (Bentyl): ___
4. Ipratropium (Atrovent): ___
5. Tiotropium (Spiriva): ____
6. Trihexyphenidyl (Artane): ____ |
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Definition
1. Increases HR
2. Parkinson's
3. IBS
4. Asthma
5. Asthma
6. Parkinson's |
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Term
Adrenergic antagonists are also called ____ ____.
They are either ____ or ____ blockers. |
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Definition
Sympathetic antagonists
Alpha 1 or Beta |
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Term
Alpha 1 blockers end in ____.
Beta blockers end in ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Alpha 1 blockers __1___ vascular smooth muscle. Thus, they cause _____2___ |
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Definition
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Term
| Beta blockers have ___-like responses |
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Definition
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Term
| For parasympathomimetic (Muscarinic agonists), you always want ___ and ___ at the bedside. |
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Definition
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Term
How does the MOA of parasympathomimetics work on these?
*MG: Attacks the enzyme that destroys ___
*Alz: ____ Dopamine by increasing Ach
*Retention: Inhibits ____ and allows PNS to increase |
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Definition
*MG: Attacks the enzyme that destroys Ach
*Alz: Decreases Dopamine by increasing Ach
*Retention: Inhibits cholinesterase and allows PNS to increase |
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Term
How do anticholinergics helps these?
(Increases SNS)
1. Parkinson's: ___ dopamine by blocking Ach
2. Asthma: Broncho____tion
3. Bradycardia: ___ HR
4. Presurgery: Block ____ nerve impulses and stop spasms/twitching, ___ resp secretions and ___ HR caused by anesthetics |
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Definition
1. Parkinson's: Increase dopamine by blocking Ach
2. Asthma: Bronchodilation
3. Bradycardia: Increase HR
4. Presurgery: Block cholinergic nerve impulses and stop spasms/twitching, decreases resp secretions and low HR caused by anesthetics |
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Term
How do adrenergic agonists (sympathomimetics) help these?
(Increase SNS)
1. HTN: Vessels dilate bc ___ blockers relax vessels
2. Dysrhythmias: Reset contractile fibers/__ conduction
3. Angina: Block the increased __/__ and __ demand |
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Definition
1. HTN: Vessels dilate bc alpha blockers relax vessels
2. Dysrhythmias: Reset contractile fibers/AV conduction
3. Angina: Block the increased RR/HR and O2 demand |
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Term
Sympathomimetics (Adrenergic Agonists) ___ the SNS
Anticholinergics ___ the PNS, so ___ takes over.
**These both end in ___ SNS effects!** |
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Definition
Stimulate
Block; SNS
INCREASE SNS! |
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Term
Parasympathomimetics (Muscarinic/cholinesterase inhibitors) ___ the PNS
Adrenergic Antagonists ___ the SNS, so the ___ takes over.
**Both end in increased ___ effects! |
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Definition
Stimulate
block; PNS
INCREASED PNS EFFECTS! |
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