Term
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Definition
| Restricted import, man, sale and use of opium, cocaine, weed and narcotics |
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Term
| Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act |
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Definition
| manufactures must test all drugs for harmful effects and have accurate drug labels |
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Term
| Durham-Humphrey Amendment |
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Definition
| Rx vs. OTC... as well as refills |
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Term
| Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act |
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Definition
| Categorized controlled substances based on potential for abuse |
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Term
| Drug Regulation Reform Act |
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Definition
| Shortened Drug investigations in order to release drugs quicker to the public |
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Term
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Definition
| offered tax compensation to companies to produce Drug to treat rare diseases |
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Term
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Definition
| Drug created for one use being used for alternate positive reason |
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Term
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Definition
| Control Studies, no fetal effects 1st trimester- no potential risk for 2nd and 3rd |
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Term
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Definition
| Tested on Animals- No indication of fetal risk |
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Term
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Definition
| Tested on animals- Adverse effects present- Benefits of Drug warrant risk |
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Term
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Definition
| Evidence of fetal risk Pregnancy... Use in life threatening situations only |
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Term
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Definition
| Demonstrates fetal abnormalities- risk outweighs benefits |
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Term
| 3 factors of an Ideal Drug |
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Definition
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Term
| 6 rights of drug medication |
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Definition
| Right:Medication, Client, Dose, Route, Time, Documentation |
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Term
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Definition
| Nomenclature of Chemistry Description |
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Term
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Definition
| How drug acts/interacts with macromolecule components of body tissue |
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Term
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Definition
Study of absorption,
distribution, metabolism and
excretion of drugs |
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Term
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Definition
| a chemical that interacts with living organism to produce biological response |
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Term
| 6 factors of Medication errors |
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Definition
not knowing why-
Not IDing patient-
Not checking prescriber-
storing similar vials next to each other-
Poor handwriting-
Not knowing dose-
knowledge and performance deficits |
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Term
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Definition
| patient taking 2+ drugs concurrently |
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Term
| Pharmacokintic interaction |
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Definition
| Drugs taken together that may alter absorption, distribution, metabolism or excretions |
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Term
| Factors altering Absorption, distribution, metabolism |
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Definition
absorption- ^ gastric ph, vomiting, laxatives
distrubtion- competion for binding sites, ExtraCelluar pH |
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Term
| Foods high in tyramine and drugs to avoid |
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Definition
Aged cheese, wine, processed foods/meats
Drugs- Antidepressants, MAOIs |
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Term
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Definition
| unintended/undesired effect at normal drug dose |
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Term
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Definition
| nearly unavoidable secondary effect of the drug at therapeutic dose |
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Term
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Definition
| adverse effect when excessively dose is taken |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| uncommon drug response resulting GENETIC predisposition |
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Term
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Definition
| Disease produced by physician |
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Term
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Definition
| Long term use- Body adapts- Abstinence syndrome occurs if drug is discontinued |
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Term
| Pharmacodynamic tolerance |
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Definition
| chronic use- larger dosing of drug required to achieve same effect |
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Term
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Definition
| increase in hepatic metabolizing enzymes for drug |
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Term
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Definition
| quick developing tolerance that occurs after repeated admin of drug |
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Term
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Definition
| metabolism of drug 1st time through liver reducing drug concentration |
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Term
| medication reconciliation |
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Definition
| identify an accurate list of clients meds to avoid potentially harmful drug interactions |
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Term
| 7 Elements of handwritten prescription |
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Definition
| client name, date, Medication name, dosage, route, frequency, prescriber signature |
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Term
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Definition
| plants, animals, humans, minerals, synthetic/chemical |
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Term
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Definition
| an unpleasant sensory/emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage |
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Term
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Definition
| Anterior portion- Sensation/perception of pain |
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Term
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Definition
| Distinction of pain- throbbing vs. dull vs. stabbing- Unpleasant/happy sensation |
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Term
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Definition
| bio clock and sleep cycle |
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Term
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Definition
| sleep mechanism and sense of balance |
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Term
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Definition
| #1- most drugs effect on its function- respiratory center |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Nocieptor nerve receptor(PNS) activated by spontaneous inflammation |
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Term
pain transmission
A and C Sensory
neurons/Fibers |
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Definition
A fibers- myelinated, liquid surrounding- Shoot pain, Intense Well defined- Day 1
C Fibers- Unmyelinated, Dry, slow transmission, Dull ache throbbing |
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Term
| pain transmission sub fibers Alpha-Beta-Delta |
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Definition
Alpha- fastest, touch of muscle response Beta- Depth of touch
Delta- Slow sharp pain |
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Term
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Definition
| Impulse of pain travels up spinal cord through gate- Closes Gate- No further transmission can enter |
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Term
| Pain perception- Reticular access |
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Definition
-consciousness and arousal effect
-an alerting mechanism
-filtering process that allows for concentration |
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Term
| Pain Perception- Limbic System |
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Definition
-Emotions: fear, anger, anxiety, sexual, pleasure and sorrow
-Responseible for simulating RAS |
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Term
| Pain Perception- Limbic System |
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Definition
-Emotions: fear, anger, anxiety, sexual, pleasure and sorrow
-Responsible for simulating RAS |
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Term
| Pain Perception- Extra pyramidal system |
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Definition
| Neural network- Coronation of movement innervate motor neurons of SC and BS |
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Term
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Definition
| Descending Nerves- alter pain- Pleasant |
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Term
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Definition
Raise- sleep, rest, diversion, drugs
Lower- Anxiety, tiredness, anger, pain |
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Term
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Definition
Acute- 1 second to 6 months
Chronic- Longer than 6 months |
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Term
| Controlled substance Act Substance 1-5 |
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Definition
1. high risk abuse, no medical use
2. high risk abuse, accepted medical use
3. moderate risk abuse, accepted med use
4. mild risk abuse, accepted med use
5. least abuse potential |
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Term
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Definition
| Drug containing narcotic and non narcotic |
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Term
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Definition
| Hydrocodone-Tylenol (5mg - 500mg) |
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Term
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Definition
| hydrocodone-Tylenol (7.5mg - 750mg) |
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Term
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Definition
| oxycodone-Tylenol (5-10mg - 325mg) |
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Term
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Definition
oxycodone-Asprin-Oxycodone terepthtlate (4.5mg - 325mg - 0.38mg)
GI risk bleeding |
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Term
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Definition
| propoxyphene-Tylenol (50-100mg - 325-650mg) |
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Term
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Definition
| natural and synthetic chemicals that have opium like effects but are not derived from opium |
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Term
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Definition
| derived from opium, alleviate pain |
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Term
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Definition
Opium agonist-
Upper level 50mg IV
Excreted in urine as metabolites-
Respiratory Depression,
dilute w/ 5cc- IV push 4-5 mins |
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Term
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Definition
100x stronger than morphine
Cancer patients
IM 5-20mg q3-6h -Transdermal/IV
excreted in urine unchanged drug metabolites |
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Term
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Definition
synthetic opiate agonist
moderate-severe pain
PO 5mg q6h |
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Term
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Definition
Semisynthetic opiate-
PCA pumps
10x than Morphine
PO 2-4mg q4-6h fast onset short duration |
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Term
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Definition
pre/post-op sedation/analgesic
PO/IM/SC 2.5-10mg q3-4h prn
renal function-high metabolite normeperidine
*not to exceed 48 hrs. use* |
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Term
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Definition
detox narcotic addiction, Chronic Pain
1/2 life 48 hours
10-120mg per day
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Term
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Definition
Narcotic antagonist-
Used in Over Dose Situations
IM/IV/SC .4-2mg prn 2-3 mins
excreted via urine |
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Term
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Definition
Partial opioid agonist (Mu and Kappa)
High 1st pass effect- Duration 4 hrs
IM/SC 30mg q3-4h
excreted- feces, urine (metabolites)
* Increase Cardiac Workload* |
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Term
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Definition
NSAID- analgesic
anti: pyretic, pain, platelet aggreation
*GI bleed*
*Thrombocytopenia* |
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Term
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Definition
NSAID- Non selective cox 1,2 inhib
800mg x4 (max)
excreted via urine as metabolites |
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Term
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Definition
NSAIDs- 10-60mg/d acute renal failure
*Dilute IV and slow push (15 mins) pH* |
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Term
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Definition
analgesic- high PO absorption
excreted conjagtes in urine
NO anti-inflammatory |
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Term
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Definition
Vascular/Migraine/Cluster headaches-
^ nerve meatbolism- ^ O2 uptake
Vaso constriction on crainial BV
2mg SL
*Pregnacy X* |
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Term
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Definition
Acute Migraine
Release of CGRT- Inhibits inflamation peptides
PO 25-100mg
excreted via feces, urine as metabolites
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