Term
| When is the best time to draw a peak? |
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Definition
when plasma concentration is the lowest
*when plasma concentration is the highest *
when plasma concentration is in normal range
when plasma concentration is in abnormal range |
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Term
| When is the best time to draw a trough? |
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Definition
**** when plasma concentration is the lowest ****
when plasma concentration is the highest
when plasma concentration is in normal range
when plasma concentration is in abnormal range |
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Term
| What is the loading dose of a drug? |
|
Definition
initial lower dose of a drug that may be given at the beginning of therapy
final higher dose of a drug that may be given at the end of therapy
final lower dose of a drug that may be given at the end of therapy
** initial higher dose of a drug that may be given at the beginning of therapy ** |
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Term
| What is the onset of a drug action? |
|
Definition
** the time it takes to reach the mininum effective concentration **
initial higher dose of a drug that may be given at the beginning of therapy
the required dosage over a period of time
this is the highest concentration level of a drug at a specific time |
|
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Term
| A medication prescribed at 100mg has a half-life of 5 hours. What would the have life dosage of this medication be? |
|
Definition
25mg
** 50mg **
2.5mg
5mg |
|
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Term
| What does it mean when a substance is teratogenic |
|
Definition
may cause birth defects; generally safe in pregnancy
** may cause birth defects; not safe in pregnancy **
will never cause birth defects; generally safe in pregnancy
will never cause birth defects; not safe in pregnancy |
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Term
| Why are pediatric and geriatric patients at higher risk for drug toxicity? |
|
Definition
impaired gas exchange
impaired brain function
**** impaired renal function ****
**** impaired hepatic function **** |
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Term
| TB medications (rifampin and isoniazid) cause what effects on the body? |
|
Definition
** turn urine a reddish-orange color **
** turn sweat a reddish-orange color **
** turn tears a reddish-orange color **
turn leg hair a reddish-orange color |
|
|
Term
| What does MRSA stand for? |
|
Definition
Methyldopa-resistant Streptococcus aureus
Methicillin-resistant Streptococcus aureus
** Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus **
Methyldopa-resistant Staphylococcus aureus |
|
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Term
| Sulfonylureas; glipizide (Glucotrol) MOA? |
|
Definition
** stimulates the release of insulin from beta cells in the pancreas **
stimulates the release of insulin from alpha cells in the pancreas
** increases sensitivity to insulin at the receptor sites **
decreases sensitivity to insulin at the receptor sites |
|
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Term
| T or F: Corticosteroids should be administered 5m before inhaled bronchodilators? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T or F: Corticosteroids should be administered 5m after inhaled bronchodilators? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Activation of Alpha-1 Receptors, IN SMOOTH MUSCLE, would cause which actions? |
|
Definition
** vasoconstriction; increased blood pressure **
vasodilation; decreased blood pressure
increased nasal congestion
** decreased nasal congestion ** |
|
|
Term
| Activation of Alpha-2 Receptors, LOCATED ON PRESYNAPTIC NEURONS, would cause which actions? |
|
Definition
**** decreased NE release; decreased blood pressure ****
increased NE release; increased blood pressure
decreased ACh release; decreased blood pressure
increased ACh release; increased blood pressure |
|
|
Term
| Activation of beta-1 Receptors, LOCATED ON HEART AND FATTY TISSUE, would cause which actions? |
|
Definition
** increased HR, contractility, and cardiac function **
decreased HR, contractility, and cardiac function
** catabolism of fats into fatty acids **
anabolism of fatty acids into fats |
|
|
Term
| Activation of Beta-2 Receptors, LOCATED ON BRONCHIAL SMOOTH MUSCLE AND BLOOD VESSEL WALLS, would cause which actions? |
|
Definition
** smooth muscle constriction **
smooth muscle relaxation
** bronchodilation **
bronchoconstriction |
|
|
Term
| Where are Alpha-1 Receptors located? |
|
Definition
** smooth muscle **
presynaptic neurons
heart and fatty tissue
bronchial smooth muscle and blood vessel walls |
|
|
Term
| Where are Alpha-2 Receptors located? |
|
Definition
smooth muscle
** presynaptic neurons **
heart and fatty tissue
bronchial smooth muscle and blood vessel walls |
|
|
Term
| Where are Beta-1 Receptors located? |
|
Definition
mooth muscle
presynaptic neurons
** heart and fatty tissue **
bronchial smooth muscle and blood vessel walls |
|
|
Term
| Where are Beta-2 Receptors located? |
|
Definition
smooth muscle
presynaptic neurons
heart and fatty tissue
** bronchial smooth muscle and blood vessel walls ** |
|
|
Term
| Mucolytics: acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) MOA? |
|
Definition
solidify and tighten secretions
** liquefy and loosen secretions **
produce non-productive cough
** produce productive cough ** |
|
|
Term
| Patients taking atorvastatin (Lipitor) should be concerned about what adverse reaction? |
|
Definition
** rhabdomyolysis **
risk of bleeding
hyperlipidemia
tardive dyskinesia |
|
|
Term
| Which of these are symptoms of an adverse reaction to statins? |
|
Definition
** generalized breakdown of muscle fibers **
tongue protrusion and pill rolling
fever of 105°F
** muscle weakness and soreness ** |
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|
Term
| What is the antidote for warfarin (Coumadin)? |
|
Definition
PROTAMINE SULFATE
** VITAMIN K **
ATROPINE
PHYSOSTIGMINE SALICYLATE |
|
|
Term
| What is the antidote for heparin (Lovenox)? |
|
Definition
** PROTAMINE SULFATE **
VITAMIN K
ATROPINE
PHYSOSTIGMINE SALICYLATE |
|
|
Term
| What is the antidote for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (cholinergic drugs)? |
|
Definition
PROTAMINE SULFATE
VITAMIN K
** ATROPINE **
PHYSOSTIGMINE SALICYLATE |
|
|
Term
| What is the antidote for atropine (AtroPen)? |
|
Definition
PROTAMINE SULFATE
VITAMIN K
ATROPINE
** PHYSOSTIGMINE SALICYLATE ** |
|
|
Term
| What is the lab drawn for warfarin? State normal range of this lab. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the lab drawn for heparin? State normal range of this lab. |
|
Definition
aPTT
Range = 1.5-2.5 higher than the control |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following are side effects of phenytoin (Dilantin), a first-line drug for generalized seizures? |
|
Definition
hypertension
** hypotension **
** diplopia **
** gingival hyperplasia ** |
|
|
Term
| Which type of drugs are contraindicated with narrow-angle glaucoma? |
|
Definition
cholinergic
** anti-cholinergics **
sympatholytics
anti-adrenergics |
|
|
Term
| What are some side effects of scopolamine TD patch (anti-cholinergic)? |
|
Definition
** dry mouth **
** urinary retention **
increased urinary output
overactive salivary glands |
|
|
Term
| Patient was given PO analgesic 1 hour ago. Patient's respiratory rate is 10. What is the nurse's priority action? |
|
Definition
** assess LOC **
administer 2L of O2, via NC
begin CPR
administer naloxone (Narcan) |
|
|
Term
| T or F: Ibuprofen is a COX-1 drug. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T or F: Celebrex is a COX-2 drug. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the mean dosage for ibuprofen? |
|
Definition
** 2400mg/day **
** 800mg TID **
1000mg QID
4g/day |
|
|
Term
| What is the max dosage for acetaminophen? |
|
Definition
2400mg/day
800mg TID
** 1000mg QID **
** 4g/day ** |
|
|
Term
| What do we assess after the administration of narcotics? |
|
Definition
** respiratory rate **
** blood pressure **
** level of conciousness **
6 Cardinal Fields of Gaze |
|
|
Term
| Drugs that end in -pril may produce what side effects? |
|
Definition
** persistent dry cough **
** hyperkalemia **
hypokalemia
hypertension |
|
|
Term
| Abrupt discontinuation of antihypertensive medications may cause... |
|
Definition
rebound hypotension
** rebound hypertension **
rebound hyperlipidemia
rebound hypolipidemia |
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