Term
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Definition
| FISRT PHARMACOLOGY DEPT IN THE US WAS ESTABLISHED AT U OF M |
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Term
| USED TO TREAT DISEASES AND IS NOTED THROUGHOUT HISTORY |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
CHEMISTS ABLE TO ISOLATE SUBSTANCES
1805 MORPHINE ISOLATED FROM OPIUM |
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Term
| PHARMACOTHERAPY OR PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS |
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Definition
USE OF SPECIFIC DRUGS TO TREAT ILLNESS
-TO PREVENT DISEASE
-TO TREAT DISEASE
-TO DIAGNOSE DISEASE |
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Term
USE OF SPECIFIC DRUGS FOR ILLNESSES
TO ______ _______
TO ______ _______
TO ______ _______ |
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Definition
PREVENT DISEASE
TREAT DISEASE
DIAGNOSE DISEASE |
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Term
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Definition
| PREPARATION AND DISTRUBUTION OF DRUGS |
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Term
-REQUIRED ALL DRUGS TO MEET MINIMAL STANDARDS
-GAVE GOVERMENT THE POWER TO CONTROL LABELING OF MEMDICATIONS |
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Definition
| 1906-PURE FOOD AND DRUG ACT |
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Term
| REQUIRED DRUGS TO BE SAFE BEOFRE MARKETING |
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Definition
| 1938-FEDERAL FOOD, DRUG ANMD COSMETIC ACT |
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Term
-classified/scheduled drugs accoording to their abuse potnential
-regulated the manufacture and distribution of drugs that cause dependence |
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Definition
| 1970:COMPREHENSIVE DRUG ABUSE AND PREVENTION AND CONTROL ACT |
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Term
-REQUIRED CLEAR LABELING OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS
GIVES FDA AUTHORITY TO REMOVE SUPPLEMENTS THAT POSE A PUBLIC HEALTH RISK |
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Definition
| DIETARY SUPPLEMENT HEALTH AND EDUCATION ACT OF 1988 |
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Term
| STAGES OF APPROVAL FOR DRUGS |
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Definition
-PRECLINICAL INVSESTIGATION;1-3 YRS
-CLINICAL INVESTIGATION: 2-10 YRS
-FDA:NEW DRUG APPLICATION REVIEW; 2MTHS-7YRS
-POST MARKETING STUDIES |
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Term
| PRECLINICAL INVESTIGATION |
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Definition
1-3 YRS
INITIAL SYNTHESIS AND ANIMAL TESTING |
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Term
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Definition
2-10 YRS
PHASE 1 THROUGH PHASE 3 HUMAN TRIALS |
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Term
| FDA:NEW DRUG APPLICATION REVIEW |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
ADVERSE REACTION REPORTING
SURVEYS, SAMPLING, AND TESTIN
INSPECTIONS |
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Term
NON-PRESCRIPTION DRUGS
OTC:OVER THE COUNTER |
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Definition
-CONSIDERED LOW RISK IF TAKEN AS DIRECTED
-INCREASED AVAILABILITY THROUGH DIRECT PURCHASE
-CONSUMER PERCEPTION OF NO HARM
-MAY DELAY TREATMENT
-MUST CONSIDER DRUG INTERACTIONS |
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Term
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Definition
DR
PT
VET
DENTIST
NURSE PRACTIONER
PHYSICIANS ASSISTANT
OTHERS? |
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Term
| THERE ARE 5 SCHEDULE DRUGS TRUE OR FALSE |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
HIGH POTENTIAL FOR ABUSE
NO MEDICAL USE
EXAMPLES ARE HEROIN AND LSD |
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Term
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Definition
HIGH POTENTIAL FOR ABUSE
ACCEPTED MEDICAL USE
EXAMPLES ARE MORPHINE, FETANYL, AND METHAMPHETAMINE |
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Term
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Definition
LOW TO MODERATE PHYSICAL DEPENDENCE
STRONG PHYSICAL DEPENDENCE
ACCEPTED MEDICAL USE
EXAMPLES ARE TYLENOL W CODEINE AND CODEINE |
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Term
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Definition
LOW OR LIMITED POTENTIAL FOR PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ABUSE
ACCEPTED MEDICAL USE
EXAMPLES ARE LIBRIUM, XANAX, VALIUM, AND PHENOBARBITAL |
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Term
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Definition
LOWEST POTENTIAL FOR ABUSE
ACCEPTED MEDICAL USE
EXAMPLES ARE LOMOTIL AND ROBITUSSIN AC |
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Term
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Definition
-CHEMICAL NAME
-GENERIC NAME
-BRAND OR PROPRIETARY OR TRADEMARKED NAME |
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Term
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Definition
| DRUGS CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE |
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Term
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Definition
NAME GIVEN BY THE US ADOPTED NAMES COUNCIL
SHORTENED CHEMICAL NAME |
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Term
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Definition
ALLOWS THE DRUG TO BE COMMERCIALLY DISTRUBUTED
THIS IS THE NAME WHICH IS RESTRICTED FOR USE BY THE MANUFACTURER ONLY |
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Term
THE MULTIPLE NAMES OF DRUGS INCREASE THE RISK FOR MEDICATION ERRORS
TRUE OR FALSE |
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Definition
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Term
THERAPEUTIC CLASSIFICATION/TC
MECHANISM OF ACTION\MOA |
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Definition
EXAMPLE IS ANTICOAGULANT
TC- THIS INTERFERES WITH BLOOD CLOTTING TO TREAT AND PREVENT THROMBOSIS AND EMBOLISM
MOA- BLOCKS CONVERSION OF PROTHROMBIN TO THROMBIN TO FIBRINOGEN TO FIBRIN |
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Term
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Definition
ENTERAL-GUT
PARENTERAL-VEIN |
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Term
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Definition
ORAL-AT LEAST 1/2 HR
SUBLINQUAL-CAPILLARIES
RECTAL |
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Term
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Definition
INHALATION
INJECTION
-IV,FASTEST
-SUBCUTANEOUS,NOT FAST
-INTRAMUSCULAR, FAIRLY FAST
TOPICAL
TRANSDERMAL |
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Term
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Definition
| THE PROCESS INVOLVING THE MOVEMENT OF A DRUG FROM ITS SITE OF ADMINISTRATION ACROSS BODY MEMBRANES TO THE BODIES CIRCULATING FLUID |
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Term
| ABSORPTION INVOLVES ALL OF THESE |
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Definition
ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION
DOSAGE
DIGESTIVE MOTILITY
SURROUNDING PH
INTERACTIONS |
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Term
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Definition
| THE TRANSPORT OF A DRUG IN THE BODY VIA THE BLOOD STREAM TO ITS SITE OF ACTION |
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Term
| ALL OF THESE INVOLVE DISTRIBUTION |
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Definition
BLOOD FLOW
PHYSCIAL PROPERTIES OF THE PARTICULAR DRUGS
BINDING TO PLASMA PROTEINS OR OTHER COMPONENTS
BARRIERS |
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Term
| GREATER BLOOD FLOW ALLOWS ____ _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| ____ ____ drugs distribute more completely |
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Definition
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Term
| drug protein complexes ____ _____ membrane thus _______ distribution |
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Definition
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Term
| there are two types of barriers |
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Definition
blood brain barrier
fetal placenta barrier |
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Term
| drug elimination will be impacted by ____,_____ drug interactions, age, diet, and gender |
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Definition
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Term
| metabolism is when the drug undergoes chemical changes in the |
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Definition
liver by
-oxidation
-reduction
-hydrolysis
-conjugation |
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Term
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Definition
process of drug removal by the kidneys
rate of drug excretion determines drug concentration in the bloodstream and tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| time required for one half of the drug to be removed from the body |
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Term
| therapeutic drug monitoring |
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Definition
peak and trough levels
there is an onset of the drug, peak, and duration of the drug |
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Term
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Definition
-study of the drugs mechanism of action
-study of the biochamical and physiological effects of drugs |
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Term
| ____ alter existing chemical and cellular functions they cannot make something magic happen |
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Definition
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Term
there is no such thing as a drug without a side effect
true or false |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| component of a cell wall where a drug binds and initiates a chain of biochemical events |
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Term
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Definition
drug produces the same type of response as the endogenous substance or facilitator
same type |
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Term
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Definition
blocker
drug prevents the response of the endogenous substance |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| expected predictable response |
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Term
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Definition
| unexpected unpredictable response |
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Term
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Definition
| life threatening response |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
MOTOR NEURONS AND SENSORY NEURONS
*SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSYEMS
*AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSYEMS
-SYMPATHETIC DIVISON
-PARASYMPATHETIC DIVISION |
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Term
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Definition
ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS
-ALPHA I AND 2
-BETA I AND 2
-DOPAMINE |
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Term
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Definition
CHOLINERGIC RECEPTORS
-MUSCARINIC
-NICOTINIC
REST AND DIGEST |
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Term
| ADRENERGIC NEUROTRANSMITTERS |
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Definition
NOREPINIEPHRINE
EPINEPHRINE
DOPAMINE
-ALPHA AND BETA RECEPTORS |
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Term
| ALPHA AND BETA RECEPTORS EFFECT THE |
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Definition
HEART, LUNGS, AND PERIPHERAL VESSELS/MUSCLES
ALPHA 1-VASOCONSTRICTION
BETA 1- INCREASED HEART RATE
BETA 2- BRONCHODILATION |
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Term
| CHOLINERGIC NEUROTRANSMITTERS |
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Definition
DIRECT ACTING-ACETYLCHOLINE
INDIRECT ACTING- INHIBITS CHOLINESTERNASE
NICOTINIC- GANGLIA OF NERVOUS SYSTEM
MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS- POSTSYNAPTIC IN HEART, SMOOTH MUSCLE AND GLANDS |
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Term
WHAT SYSTEM DOES
DILATES PUPILS AND ACCELRATES HEART RATE |
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Definition
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Term
WHAT SYSTEM DOES
INHIBITS SALIVATION
INHIBITS DIGESTION |
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Definition
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Term
WHAT SYSTEM DOES
DILATES BROCHIOLES
RELAXES BLADDER |
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Definition
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Term
WHAT SYTEM DOES
INHIBITS DIGESTION
INHIBITS SEX ORGANS
STIMULATES RELEASE OF GLUCOSE |
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Definition
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Term
WHAT SYTEM DOES
CONSTRICTS PUPILS
STIMULATES SALIVATION |
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Definition
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Term
WHAT SYTEM DOES
SLOWS HEART
CONSTRICTS BRONCHIOLES |
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Definition
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Term
WHAT SYTEM DOES
STIMULATES DIGESTION
CONTRACTS BLADDER |
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Definition
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Term
WHAT SYTEM DOES
STIMULATES SEX ORGANS
STIMULATES GALLBLADDER |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
ADRENERGIC OR SYMPATHOMETICS
ADRENERGIC BLOCKERS OR ADRENERGIC ANTAGONISTS OR SYMPATHOLYTICS
CHOLINERGICS OR PARASYMPATHOMIMETICS
CHOLINERGIC BLOCKERS OR ANTICHOLINERGIC OR PARASYMPATHOLYTICS |
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Term
ADRENERGIC OR SYMPATHOMETICS
STIMULATES THE ______
MOBILZES ENERGY ______
CLASSIC _______ |
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Definition
STIMULATES THE SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
MOBILZES ENERGY WITHIN THE BODY
CLASSIC FIGHT OR FLIGHT |
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Term
ADRENERGIC BLOCKERS OR ADRENERGIC ANTAGONISTS OR SYMPATHOLYTICS
PRODUCES THE ______ |
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Definition
| PRODUCES THE OPPOSITE OF THE ADRENERGICS |
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Term
WHAT TYPE OF DRUGS ARE USED TO TREAT
CARDIAC STIMULANTS/SEVERE HYPOTENSION
WEIGHT LOSS |
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Definition
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Term
WHAT TYPE OF DRUGS ARE USED TO TREAT
NASAL DECONGESTION
BRONCHODILATOR |
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Definition
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Term
WHAT TYPE OF DRUGS ARE USED TO TREAT
HYPERTENSION
DYSRYHMIAS |
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Definition
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Term
WHAT TYPE OF DRUGS ARE USED TO TREAT
MIGRAINE HEADACHES
BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA |
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Definition
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Term
WHAT TYPE OF DRUGS ARE USED TO TREAT
POST OP BLADDERATOMY
GLAUCOMA |
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Definition
| CHOLINERGICS OR PARASYMPATHOMIMETICS |
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Term
WHAT TYPE OF DRUGE ARE USED TO TREAT
MYASTHENIA GRAVIS
ALZHEIMERS DISEASE |
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Definition
| CHOLINERGICS OR PARASYMPATHOMIMETICS |
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Term
CHOLINERGICS OR PARASYMPATHOMIMETICS
CLASSIC _______
CONSERVES ENERGY ________
INCREASE ACTION OF ________ |
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Definition
CLASSIC REST AND DIGEST
INCREASE ACTION OF ACETYLCHOLINE STIULATING MUSCLE CONTRACTIONS
CONSERVES ENERGY WITHIN THE BODY
INCREASE ACTION OF ACETYLCHOLINE STIULATING MUSCLE CONTRACTIONS |
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Term
CHOLINERGIC BLOCKERS OR ANTICHOLINERGIC OR PARASYMPATHOLYTICS
PRODUCES ACTIONS ______
BLOCKS THE ACTION OF _____ |
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Definition
PRODUCES ACTIONS OPPOSITE THOSE OF A CHOLINSERGIC
BLOCKS THE ACTION OF ACEYLCHOLINE RELAXING MUSCLES |
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Term
WHAT DRUGS TREAT THESE
STRESS INCONTINECE
SYMPTOMATIC BRADYCARDIA |
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Definition
| CHOLINERGIC BLOCKERS OR ANTICHOLINERGIC OR PARASYMPATHOLYTICS |
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Term
WHAT DRUGS TREAT
DECREASED SALIVA
DECREASED GI MOTILITY |
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Definition
| CHOLINERGIC BLOCKERS OR ANTICHOLINERGIC OR PARASYMPATHOLYTICS |
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Term
WHAT DRUGS TREAT THIS
PUPILLARY DILATATION |
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Definition
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Term
| Drugs to treat gastric acidity? |
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Definition
antacids
histamine(h2) receptor blockers
proton pump inhibitors |
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Term
antacids
action; ___
TE:treatment of gi discomfort, transient dyspepsia, indigestion and heartburn by the neutrlization of gstric acids
SIDE EFFECTS:____ |
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Definition
action; med combines with hydrochloric acid (hcl) to form salt and water a->neutralization of HCL->alters gastric ph
SIDE EFFECTS: CONSTIPATION W ALUMINUM BASED ANTACIDS, DIARHHEA W MANESIUM BASED ANTACIDS, WILL ALTER METABOLISM OF DRUGS REQUIRING ACIDIC ENVIRONMENT FOR ABSORPTION |
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Term
histamine(h2) receptor blockers
ACTION: ___
TE: CONTROL GASTRIC ACID SECRETION SSOCIATED WITH DYSPEPSIA, GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE(GERD), PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE
SIDE EFFECTS:_______ |
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Definition
ACTION: BLOCK THE HISTAMINE ACTIVSTED RELEASE OF GASTRIC ACIDS FROM THE GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS->REDUCTION OF ACID SECRETIONS
SIDE EFFECTS:RARELY NAUSEA, HEADACHE, DIZZINESS, CONFUSION IN OLDER ADULTS |
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Term
PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS(PPI)
ACTION:____
TE:REDUCTION OF GI SYMPTOMS ASSOCIATED GERD AND PEPTIC ULCERS
SIDE EFFECTS: |
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Definition
ACTION:INHIBITION OF THE ENZYME THAT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR GASTRIC ACID SECRETION FROM THE PARIETAL CELLS;90% REDUCTION IN THE ACID PUMP
SIDE EFFECTS:REBOUND HYPERACIDITY |
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Term
PHARMACOLOGIC TREATMENT OF PEPTIC ULCERS
ARE? |
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Definition
ANTACIDS
H2 BLOCKERS
PPI
ANTIBACTERIALS |
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Term
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Definition
ADSORBENTS
OPOID DERIVATIVES |
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Term
ADSORBENTS
ACTION:_____
TE: RELIEF OF MILD DIARRHEA, PREVENTION OF TRAVELERS DIARRHEA
SIDE EFFECTS:____ |
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Definition
ACTION: BINDS TOXINS THT CONTRIBUTE TO DIARRHEA, INCREASES ABSORPTION OF FLIUDS AND ELECTROLYTES
SIDE EFFECTS: CONSTIPATION, STOOL IMPACTION |
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Term
OPIOD DERIVATIVES
ACTION:_____
TE: TREATMENT OF CHRONIC DIARRHEA, MODERATE TO SEVERE DIARRHEA
SIDE EFFECTS:_____ |
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Definition
ACTION: SLOWS PERISTALSIS ALLOWING FOR MORE WATER REABSORPTION->MORE SOLID STOOLS
SIDE EFFECTS: DIZZINESS, DROWSINESS |
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Term
| DRUGS THAT TREAT THE PHARMACOLOGIC TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE(IBD) |
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Definition
ANTIDIARRHEALS
CORTICOSTEROIDS
ANTIINFECTIVES
ANTIINFLAMMATORIES
IMMUNOSUPPRESSANTS
BIOLOGIC THERAPIES |
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Term
| LAXATIVE AND CATHARTICS 5 TYPES |
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Definition
BULK FORMING
OSMOTIC
STIMULANT
STOOL SOFTNER
HERBAL |
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Term
LAXATIVE AND CATHARTICS
BULK FORMING
ACTION:_____ |
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Definition
| ACTION:ABSORB WATER ADDING TO SIZE OF FECAL MASS |
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Term
LAXATIVE AND CATHARTICS
OSMOTIC
ACTION:_____ |
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Definition
| ACTION: CREATES OSMOTIC PULL OF FLUIDS INTO GI TRACT |
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Term
LAXATIVE AND CATHARTICS
STIMULANT
ACTION:_____ |
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Definition
| ACTION: IRRITATES BOWEL MUCOSA-STIMULATES BM |
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Term
LAXATIVE AND CATHARTICS
STIMULANT
ACTION:_____LAXATIVE AND CATHARTICS
STOOL SOFTNER
ACTION:_____ |
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Definition
| ACTION: CAUSES WATER AND FAT TO BE ABSORBED IN STOOL |
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Term
LAXATIVE AND CATHARTICS
STIMULANT
ACTION:_____LAXATIVE AND CATHARTICS
HERBAL
ACTION:_____ |
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Definition
| ACTION: IRRITATES BOWEL AND INCREASES PERISTALSIS |
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Term
LAXATIVE AND CATHARTICS
TE: PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF CONSTIPATION, PREP FOR GI TESTING OR GI SURGERIES
SIDE EFFECTS:_____ |
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Definition
| SIDE EFFECTS: ABDOMINAL CRAMPING, DIARRHEA, FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE LOSS, AND NAUSEA |
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Term
| CLASSES OF PHARMACOLOGIC TREATMENT FOR NAUSEA AND VOMITTING; ANTIEMETICS |
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Definition
SEROTONIN ANTAGONISTS
ANTIHISTAMINES
ANTICHOLINERGICS |
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Term
ANTIEMETICS
ACTION:_____
TE: TREATMENT OF CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC DRUG SIDE EFFECTS, PREVENTION OF NAUSEA, PREVENTION OF MOTION SICKNESS/NAUSEA |
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Definition
| ACTION: DEPRESSES THE CNS CHEMORECEPTOR ZONE THROUGH A VARIETY OF MECHANISMS |
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