Term
|
Definition
| NATURAL CHEMICAL THAT'S PRODUCED BY 1 MICROBE AND HAS ABILITY TO HARM ANOTHER (MOLD MAKES PENICILLIN) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| EVOLVING MICROBIAL RESPONSE THAT MAKES ANTIBIOTICS USELESS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| USE OF CHEMICALS AGAINST INVADING ORGANISMS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| NATURAL OR SYNTHETIC AGENT W ABILITY TO KILL OR SUPPRESS MICROORGANISM (SULFANOMIDES) |
|
|
Term
| TYPES OF ANTIEFFECTIVE AGENTS |
|
Definition
| PENICILLINS, CEPHALOSPORINS, CARBAPANEMS, VANCOMYCIN, TETRACYCLINE, MACROLIDES, CLINDAMYCIN,LINEZOLID,CHLORAMPHENICOL |
|
|
Term
#1 CAUSE OF SEPSIS
BLOOD INFECTION BY UTI |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F MRSA IS ONLY RESISTANT TO METHYCILLIN |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
WHAT TYPES OF INFECTIONS CAUSED BY PSEUDOMONAS?
GRAM - |
|
Definition
| PNEUMONIA, UTI, INFECTIONS OF HEART, EARS, JOINTS |
|
|
Term
| WHAT TYPES OF INFECTIONS ARE CAUSED BY GRAM + ORGANISMS? |
|
Definition
STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE
STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS, STAPH. EPIDERMIS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ABILITY OF A DRUG TO INJURE A TARGET CELL WITHOUT INJURING OTHER CELLS CLOSE BY |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| HOW TO DISRUPT A BACTERIAL CELL WALL (3 WAYS) |
|
Definition
1. PREVENT CELL WALL SYNTHESIS
2. ACTIVATE ENZYMES THAT DESTROY WALL
3. INCREASE CELL WALL PERMEABILITY |
|
|
Term
| HOW DOES PENICILLIN, CEPHALOSPORIN AND VANCOMYCIN WORK TO DISRUPT THE BACTERIAL CELL WALL? |
|
Definition
| BY PREVENTING CELL WALL SYNTHESIS |
|
|
Term
| HOW DO SULFANOMIDES WORK TO DISRUPT THE BACTERIAL CELL WALL? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| HOW DOES AMINOGLYCOSIDES AND TETRACYCLINE WORK TO DISRUPT THE BACTERIAL CELL WALL? |
|
Definition
| BY INHIBITING PROTEIN SYNTHESIS |
|
|
Term
| ARE AMINOGLYCOSIDES BACTERIOCIDAL OR BACTERIOSTATIC? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ARE TETRACYCLINES BACTERIOCIDAL OR BACTERIOSTATIC? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| DRUGS THAT ARE DIRECTLY LETHAL TO BACTERIA AT CLINICALLY ACHIEVABLE CONCENTRATIONS? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| DRUGS THAT SLOW DOWN MICROBIAL GROWTH BUT DO NOT CAUSE DEATH ARE? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WHAT BECOMES RESISTANT TO ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WHAT DOES THE BACTERIAL PRODUCE THAT METABOLIZES OR BREAKS DOWN CERTAIN ANTIBIOTICS? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WHAT IS AN ENZYME MADE BY A BACTERIA THAT MAKES IT RESISTANT TO PENICILLIN? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WHAT IS AN ENZYME THAT IS MADE BY BACTERIA THAT HELPS TO RESIST CERTAIN ANTIEFFECTIVES THAT HAVE BETA LACTAM RING? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2 WAYS THAT MICROBES ARE RESISTANT: |
|
Definition
1.PREVENT BINDING OF ANTIBIOTIC BC OF RIBOSOMAL STRUCTURE CHANGES
2.MAKE PABA TO BLOCK ANTIBIOTIC ACTION |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| WHEN ONE BACTERIA PASSES ITS SECRETS AND DNA INFORMATION TO OTHER BACTERIA |
|
|
Term
| WHAT IS THE PROCESS CALLED THAT ALLOWS BACTERIA TO CHANGE AND LEADS TO MULTIPLE DRUG RESISTANCE? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F CAN NORMAL FLORA PASS "RESISTANT INFORMATION" TO PATHOGENS"? |
|
Definition
| TRUE (OCCURS MOSTLY IN GRAM - BACTERIA) |
|
|
Term
| T/F ANTIBIOTICS PROMOTE RESISTANT PATHOGENS AND PROMOTE RESISTANCE OF NORMAL FLORA? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ANTIBIOTICS THAT ARE ACTIVE AGAINST A WIDE VARITTY OF MICROBES CALLED WHAT? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ANTIBIOTICS THAT ARE ACTIVE AGAINST ONLY A FEW SPECIES OF MICROORGANIMS CALLED WHAT? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| THE MORE WE USE ANTIBIOTICS, THE SLOWER OR FASTER THE DRUG RESISTANT ORGANISMS WILL EMERGE? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WHERE ARE THE MOST EXTREMELY DRUG RESISTANT ORGANIMS FOUND? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WHAT IS A NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WHAT IS A NEW INFECTION THAT OCCURS DURING A COURSE OF ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F ANTIBIOTICS WILL HELP NORMAL FLORA INHIBIT RESISTANT ORGANISMS? |
|
Definition
| FALSE, ANTIBIOTICS ELIMINATE THE INHIBITORY INFLUENCE OF NORMAL FLORA |
|
|
Term
| 2 EXAMPLES OF SUPER INFECTIONS ARE: |
|
Definition
STOMATITIS
YESAT INFECTIONS |
|
|
Term
| ARE NARROW SPECTRUM OR BROAD SPECTRUM BIGGER CONTRIBUTORS TO SUPRAINFECTIONS? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WHAT ARE 2 TYPES OF SUPERINFECTIONS? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WHAT INFECTION HAS THESE SYMPTOMS: SORE MOUTH, WHITE PATCHES ON ORAL MUCOSA,BLACK FURRY TONGUE |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WHAT INFECTION HAS THESE SYMPTOMS: RASH, ITCHING, VAGINAL DISCHARGE |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| DO BROAD OR NARROW SPECTRUM DRUGS CAUSE C-DIFF? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| C-DIFF IS ALSO KNOWN AS AAPC, WHAT DOES THIS STAND FOR? |
|
Definition
| ANTIBIOTIC ASSOCIATED PSEUDOMEMBRANOUS COLITIS |
|
|
Term
| WHAT ARE SOME SYMPTOMS OF C-DIFF> |
|
Definition
| FOUL ODOR, BLOODY, WATERY DIARRHEA |
|
|
Term
| WHAT DRUGS ARE USED TO TREAT C-DIFF? |
|
Definition
METRONIDAZOLE (FLAGYL)
VANCOMYCIN |
|
|
Term
| WHAT STEPS CAN THE MEDICAL COMMUNITY TAKE TO PREVENT ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE? |
|
Definition
Vaccinate
use Narrow spectrum antibiotics
use Disease experts
use Antibiotics WISELY
do NOT contaminate cultures
Treat infection, not colonization
use Vancomycin only when appropriate
do not transfer pathogens
WASH YOUR HANDS! |
|
|
Term
| What is the best way to select the right antibiotic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are some ways to obtain a culture? |
|
Definition
| Throat swab, wound specimen, sputum, urine, blood |
|
|
Term
| How should cultures be delivered to the lab? |
|
Definition
Fresh and uncontaminated
room temp (do not refrigerate)
protected and unexposed to oxygen, antiseptics and normal body flora |
|
|
Term
| HOW ARE MICROBES IDENTIFIED IN THE LAB? |
|
Definition
| MICROSCOPIC ID OF GRAM-STAINED PREP |
|
|
Term
| AFTER AN OFFENDINIG MICROORGANISM HAS BEEN IDENTIFIED, WHAT TYPE OF TESTING IS DONE NEXT? |
|
Definition
SENSITIVIY FOR DRUG EFFECTIVENESS
1.DISK-DIFFUSION/KIRBY-BAUER TEST
2.BROTH DILUTION |
|
|
Term
| DURING A DISK-DIFFUSION TEST, WHAT IS MEASURED ON THE AGAR PLATE? |
|
Definition
| THE DIAMETER OF THE BACTERIA FREE ZONE AROUND EACH DISK |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This is the lowest concentration of antibiotic that produces complete inhibition of bacterial growh during a lab test: |
|
Definition
MIC
MINIMUM INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION |
|
|
Term
| This is the lowest concentration of a drug that produces a 99.9% decrease in bacterial colonies in a lab test: |
|
Definition
MBC
MINIMUM BACTERIOCIDAL CONCENTRATION |
|
|
Term
| KNOW THESE 6 FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE DRUG THERAPY: |
|
Definition
1. Immune system of host
2. Site of infection (can drug get to it)
3. Age & risk of toxicity
4. Preg/Breast feeding
5. Previous Allergic Reactions
6. Genetic Factors |
|
|
Term
| T/F A PATIENT SHOULD STOP THEIR ANTIBIOTICS WHEN THEIR SYMPTOMS DISAPPEAR? |
|
Definition
| FALSE, doing so may result in recurrent infections and more drug resistant organisms |
|
|
Term
| When is it appropriate to use a combination of antibiotics? (Hint:there are 3 times) |
|
Definition
1. infection involves MULTIPLE organisms
2. infection is SEVERE
3. treatment of TB |
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between empiric and prophylactic therapy? |
|
Definition
EMPIRIC- treatment happens before lab data confirms organism type (pt has symptoms)
PROPHYLACTIC- preventative therapy(pt has no symptoms) |
|
|
