Type of Immunity:

Protection from one's own immune system

Usually Permanent

Type of Immunity:

Transferred immunity from another person or animal

Fades over time

Specific to a specific disease

What type of immunity is this?

Transplacenta

Blood products

Immune Globulins

Antitoxins

What type of immunity is this?

Active

Similar to natural infection response but without risk of a disease

Live attenuated

&

Inactivated

Which one- Live attentuated  OR Inactivated?

Viral:  MMR, VZV, Yellow fever, OPV, Flumist, Rotovirus

Bacterial:  BCG, oral typhoid

Which one- Live attenuated OR Inactivated

Whole: Viral-IPV, Hep A, Rabies, Flu

Bacterial-pertussis, typhoid, cholera, plague

Fractional-Hep B, Flu, Acellular pertussis, HPV, DT

Polysaccaride based:  Pneumoccal P23, meningococcal (old), Salmonella typhy,

HIB, Pneumococcal PCV7. PCV 13, meningococcal MCV$

Diptheria, Pertussis, Tetanus

acellular pertussis

partial protein now made to be less painful

Hemophilus Influenza B

use to be a common cause of death in children

Injectable Polio

it is injectable because the oral med causes polio in immunocompromised children

Tetanus

phasing out

Pneumococcal Meningitis

Prevnar, PCV7, now PCV13

This vaccine is know as Menactra or Menevo, MCV4

Used in adults & adolescents only

What virus is this for:

Guardasil, Cevarix

What is another name for these Vaccines?

Boostrix

Adacel

What are these?

DTaP plus Polio and Hep B  "Pediarix"

DTap plus Polio & 4 dose HIB "Pentacel"

DTap plus IPV  "Kinrix"

DTaP plus 4 dose HIB "TriHibit"

Hep B plus dose HIB "Comvax"

What population can this vaccine only be given to:

Varicella Zoster "Shingles Vaccine"

Adults only

One dose after age 60

2, 4, 6 months

6 months may be skipped if 3 brand dose used 

When do you give these vaccines?

Hep B

2, 4, 12 months

may start at birth, with intervals of 1 month & 4 months

last dose after age 6 months

15 months

&

4-5 years

18 months

&

5 years

10-12 years and then every 10 years

Some variations built into schedule depending on pt/doctor preferenc of timing of appt, etc..

Asthmatics every 3 years

Immunocompromised children

Influenza

Attenuated & Live

This organism:

 attaches to ciliated epithelial cells in the respiratory tract

cause local tissue damage as well as toxin mediated systemic disease

This organism has a 4-21 incubation period

Very hard to control, CONTAGIOUS

This condition:

 begins like a monor URI

minimal fever through out

**Paroxysmal cough hallmark

100 day cough in adults & adolescents 

Apnea, respiratory failure, seizure, encephalitis, death can occur in children if not completely vaccinated for it?

Older person is a source of infection for children.

This organism causes:

sever GI disease in children under 2yrs

accounts for 30% early childhood hospitalizations

fecal-oral route

Organism complications:

Intussusception

dehyrdation

shock

seizures

death

This organism causes:

destruction of motor neurons

95% cases asx.

highly infectious w/ nearly 100% seroconversion of contacts

This toxin binds to CNS & leads to unopposed muscle contraction and spasm

&

Is a anaerobic, spore forming bacteria

Contaminated wounds

soil

feces

NO PERSON TO PERSON CONTACT

Only vaccine that prevents disease infection but not contagious

Larygospasm

PE

Aspiration

Pneumonia

Fractures

HTN

DEATH

Which organism causes:

Grey membrane with 10-15% mortality

May involve any mucous membrane?

This organism involves pharyngeal  & tonsillar

may cause respiratory obstruction

immunity lasts for 10 years?

This has an acute onset

self limiting

swelling of partotid & other salivary glands

last 2 days

This has the complications of:

Pancreatitis

Orchitis

Deafness

Death

Sterility

(PODDS)

Most highly contagious virus known to man?

Universal childhood infection pre-vaccine era?

Respiratory transmission?

Incubation 10-12 days

Koplik spots

Stepwise increase fever >103

Cough

Coryza

Conjunctiva

????

1st Prodrom sx

next RASH 5-6 days

Starts on face & head

Macculopapular

Becoming CONFLUENT

Remember this is measles.

Death

Diarrhea

Otitis Media

Pneumonia

Encephalitis

Seizures

Think:  DDOPES

remember this is measles

Given in MMR

MUMPS, MEASLES, RUBELLA

This condition has:

Respiratory transmission

Lowgrade fever

Macculopapular rash 14-17 days after exposure

remember this is German Measles

Arthritis

Encephalitis

Neuritis

Orchitis

TTP

Spontaneous Abortions

What is this?

Deafness

Cataract

Heart defects

Microcephaly

Mental retardation

Bone alterations

Liver & Spleen damage

Death

Congenital Rubella Syndrome

"Rubella Umbrella"

RUBELLA-German Measles

Very important to protect women of childbearing years

What is this?

Aerobic gram negative bacteria that causes severe dz

especially among infants & children

6 different serotypes

95% of invasive dz caused by type b

Meningitis

Epiglottis

Deafness

Moves very quickly

spread:  respiratory or bloodborne

Probably the 2nd  most contagious dz

Respiratory viral transmission

Successive crops of pruitic vesicles over 2-4 days

Varicella-Chicken Pox

remember this is chicken pox

Encephalitis

Pneumonia

Bacterial Superinfection of lesions

Scarring

Death

Low birth wt

Atrophy of extremities

Neurological abnormalities

CROPS:

3 stages of lesion must be present

1.  Red flat papules

2.  Fluid filled vesicle

3.  Crusty

Contagious till all lesions are scabbed

Can varicella zoster/ herpes zoster cause shingles?

50% infections asymptomatic

60-150 day incubation period

Bloodborne transmission

STD

Perinatal transmission 70-80% from positive mothers

>200 million affected worldwide

???

This condition is:

caused by A B C Y & W-135 serotypes

Causes: HA, Fever, Stiff neck

This condition:

Fever

Purpura RASH

Hypotension

Multi organ failure

worse prognosis if occurs without meningitis

This vaccine prevents devastating disease of:

Mortality

Severe morbidities

Limb loss

Blindness

Deafness

Renal failure

Meningococcal Meningitis Vaccine

for all children age 10 & up, thru adults-55yrs

This has 3 subtypes:  A B C

C is rare

Frequent antigenic shift

Smaller antigenic drifts year to year

Drift causes incomplete protection from past infections & may lead to epidemics

???

Complications:

Pneumonia

ARDS

Reye Syndrome

Myocardidtis

Death

?????

All high risk, as well as their contacts should get this vaccine

Asthma pts

 Heart disease pts

Chronic illness pts

Day care workers

All vaccine include 4-6 serotype each year

at least 2 A & 2 B????

This vaccine was developed against:

Meningitis

&

Pneumonia

This vaccine is given at:

2-3 months

4-6 months

9-12 months

12-18 months

Catch up children over 2, up to 7 age, one shot needed

Food borne virus

Occasionally STD (fecal-oral spread)

2 shots

6 months apart

Given any time after age 1

CDC recommending universal immunization

This is associated with:

Venereal warts

Penile carcinomas

Laryngeal warts

Labial carcinomas

This vaccine confers immunity to both cancer and warts

For use in males & females

Gardasil

HPV

This has almost been eradicated worldwide

Protection for 5 years after immunization

Herd immunity in place now

What condition is this?

Eczema Vaccinatum  from vaccine may be FATAL

Progressive Vaccinia from vaccine often FATAL

Post-vaccine encephalitis frequent FATAL

Fetal Vaccinia if given to Mother results in stillbirth or early neonatal death

This vaccine is available for specialized situations only:

Chemoprophylaxis

YES

T/F

All high risk adults

Asthmatics

Smokers

Native Americans

Folks over 65

Should get the Pneumovax every 3 years.

What is this?

Severe allergic reaction to component of vaccine or following a previous dose

Encephalopathy without identifiable cause w/ in 7 days of vaccine

Pregnancy

Immunocompromised

Precautions:

Severe illness

???

Minor illness

Antibiotic therapy

Dz exposure or convalescence

Pregnancy or immunosuppression in household

Breast feeding

Prematurity

Non-vaccine allergies

Non-anaphylactic allergy to vaccine component

Low grade fever

URI

Low birth wt

FDA scrutiny

Phase I, II, III testing