Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Pharm-GI drugs (Todd)
Peptic Ulcer disease
45
Health Care
Undergraduate 2
02/14/2007

Additional Health Care Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Name 4 defensive facts the body has in order to protect itself against PUD.
Definition
1. Mucus
2. Bicarbonate
3. Bloodflow
4. Prostagladins
Term
What do Prostagladins do?
Definition
Stimulate secretion of mucus and bicarbonate and promotes vasodilation.
Term
What neutralizes hydrogen ions that penetrate the mucus?
Definition
Bicarbonate
Term
How does mucus protect the body against PUD?
Definition
It forms a barrier to protect cells from pepsin and acid
Term
What is the percentages of patients with PUD that are infected with H. pylori?
Definition
60-75%
Term
What is the substance in gastric juice that is converted into CO2 and ammonia that is potentially toxic to the mucosa?
Definition
Urea
Term
How do NSAID's form ulcers?
Definition
By inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis (Remember that prostaglandins stimulate secretion of mucus and bicarbonate and promote vasodilation)
Term
With out _______, there are no ulcers!
Definition
Acid
Term
What proteolytic enzyme does gastric acid activate?
Definition
Pepsin
Term
What lifestyle habit delays ulcer healing and increases the risk of recurrence?
Definition
SMOKING
Term
What are the 5 classes of drug therapy used for treating ulcers?
Definition
1. Antibiotics
2. Antisecretory agents: H2RA & PPI's
3. Mucosal protectants
4. Antisecretory agents that enhance mucosal defenses
5. Antacids
Term
What are the 3 ways drugs promote ulcer healing?
Definition
1. Eradicate H. Pylori
2. Reduce gastric acidity
3. Enhance mucosal defenses
Term
H. Pylori associated ulcers must be treated with at least 2 of this type of drug.
Definition
Antibiotics
Term
What is the most common cause of gastric and duodenal ulcers?
Definition
H. Pylori
Term
What is the second most common cause of gatric ulcers?
Definition
NSAID's
Term
What is pepsin?
Definition
An enzyme present in gastric juice that can injure unprotected cells in the GI tract
Term
What is the preferred method of treatment for NSAID induced ulcers?
Definition
Any anti-ulcer medication and discontinuation of NSAID. H2RA's and PPI's are the preferred agents.
Term
What are the 4 ways to test for H. Pylori?
Definition
1. Endoscopic biopsy test (staining)
2. Breath test
3. Serologic test (culturing then assessing)
4. Stool test
Term
What are your 2 antibiotic DOC for eradicating H. Pylori?
Definition
1. Clarithromycin (Biaxin)
2. Amoxicillin
Term
Which antibiotic acts topically to disrupt the H. Pylori cell wall?
Definition
Bismuth
Term
Which antibiotic has side effects of black discoloration of stool and tongue?
Definition
Bismuth
Term
Which drug specifically works best at a neutral pH?
Definition
Amoxicillin
Term
How does Clarithromycin work and what are 2 of the side effects?
Definition
-Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis
-Distortion of taste, GI upset
Term
Which antibiotic has side effects of staining of teeth and photosensitivity, and should not be used in pregnancy or children under 8?
Definition
Tetracycline
Term
Which antibiotic may result in severe nausea and vomiting if taken with alcohol?
Definition
Metronidazole (Flagyl)- (Also should be avoided in pregnancy)
Term
Most commonly used antibiotic regimens contain 2 antibiotics and an __________ agent.
Definition
Antisecretory
Term
Name 2 antisecretory agents.
Definition
H2-Blockers, PPI's
Term
What are your drugs of choice for treating symptoms of gastric and duodenal ulcers?
Definition
Histamine 2-receptor antagonists
Term
How do H2 blockers work?
Definition
They block H2 receptors; which results in lowered gastric acid secretion
Term
What are 2 ADRs for men from taking Cimetidine (Tagamet)?
Definition
1. Breast enlargement
2. Impotence
Term
What side effects are unique to Cimetidine (Tagamet)?
Definition
*1. Antiandrogenic (gynecomastia, reduced libido, impotence)
2. CNS
3. Pneumonia
Term
Which H2 blocker should not be mixed with antacids?
Definition
Cimetidine
Term
What is the only H2 blocker with major drug interactions?
Definition
Cimetidine
Term
Which H2 blocker is similar to Cimetidine but is more potent, has fewer side effects and fewer drug interactions?
Definition
Ranitidine (Zantac)
Term
What are the most effect drugs used for suppressing the secretion of gastric acid?
Definition
Protein Pump Inhibitors
Term
Which PPI causes REVERSIBLE inhibition of the enzyme that generates gastric acid resulting in short term effects?
Definition
Rabeprazole (Aciphex)
Term
Which PPI may increase digoxin levels by 20% if mixed with other drugs?
Definition
Rabeprazole
Term
What is the MOA for PPI's?
Definition
Irreversible inhibition of the enzyme that generates gastric acid
Term
How does Sucralfate (Carafate) promote healing?
Definition
It creates a protective barrier (sticky gel) against acid and pepsin.
Term
Which drug is an analog of prostaglandin E1, is used for preventing gastric ulcers caused by long-term therapy with NSAIDs, and promotes abortions?
Definition
Misoprostol (Cytotec)
Term
What do antacids do and how do they promote healing?
Definition
They neutralize stomach acid by raising the pH./ They don’t promote healing only produce symptomatic relief.
Term
Which type of antacid can exacerbate hypertension and heart failure?
Definition
Sodium compound
Term
Name the 4 major groups of antacids.
Definition
1. Aluminum
2. Magnesium
3. Calcium
4. Sodium
Term
Which 2 types of antacids do you usually combine?
Definition
Aluminum and Magnesium
Term
Name the side effects of antacids.
Definition
1. Diarrhea
2. Constipation
3. Increase water retention
Supporting users have an ad free experience!