Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Pharm Exam 4-Toxicology
Toxicology
34
Pharmacology
Professional
11/24/2012

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Toxicology
Definition
Study of adverse effects of agents (chemical, biological, or physical) on living system
Term
Toxins
Definition
toxic substances produced by biological systems
Term
Toxicants
Definition
Toxic substances produced by human activities
Term
Toxidrome
Definition
"Toxicologic syndromes"
Group of signs and symptoms associated w/ specific toxic agent
Term
RISK
Definition
expected frequency of occurence of undesireable effect from exposure to chemical of physical agent
Term
Hazard
Definition
ability of chemical agent to cause injury in given situation or setting
Term
Acute Exposure
Definition
single exposure or
multiple exposures w/in 1-2 days
Term
Chronic Exposure
Definition
Continuous exposure or
Multiple exposures for longer than a few days
(1-3 months may be considered subchronic)
Term
Synergistic effects
Definition
Additive effect from exposure to 2 or more chemicals
Term
Potentiation
Definition
Form Synergism-
a chemical itself has no effect, but it increases the toxicity of another
Term
Therapeutic Index
Definition
Ratio btw toxic dose and and therapeutic dose
Term
ABCD's of poison tx
Definition
Airway-cleared of obstruction
Breathing- adequacy assessed, supported
Circulation- assess
Dextrose- given in pts w/ altered mental status
Term
What should alcoholic or malnourished pts also be given
Definition
Thiamine
prevents Werneke's encephalopathy
Term
What drug given if Opiod OD suspected
Definition
Naloxone
Term
What drug given for Benzodiazepine OD
Definition
Flumazenil
Term
What PE in poisoned pt
Definition
-Vitals
-Eyes
-Mouth
-Skin
-Abdomen
-Nervous System
Term
What labs and x-rays done in poisoned pts
Definition
-ABG
-Electrolytes
-Renal Fxn test
-Serum Osmolality
-Electrocardiogram
-Xray
Term
How Decontaminate
Definition
-Skin
-GI
emesis, gastric lavage, catharsis, activated charcoal
Term
How enhance elimination of toxicants
Definition
-Change urinary pH
-dialysis
-Hemoperfusion
Term
Mechanism Antidotes can employ
Definition
1. Bind to toxin and inactivate it
2. Block critical receptor
3. Change toxicant metabolism
4. Reverse biochemical damage
Term
Snake or Spider envenomation
Definition
Antivenin
Term
Cholinesterase Inhibitors, muscarinic mushrooms, Beta Antagonists, digoxin and cardiac glycosides
Definition
Atropine
Term
Iron poisoning
Definition
Deferoximine mesylate
Term
Digoxine, Digitoxin, etc.
Definition
Digoxin specific anti-body
Term
Arsenic, mercury, gold, lead
Definition
Dimercaprol
Term
Lead
Definition
EDTA
Term
Methanol and ethylene glycol
Definition
ethanol
Term
Acetominophen
Definition
N-acetylcysteine
Term
Carbon Monoxide, cyanide, hydrogen sulfide
Definition
Oxygen
Term
Copper
Definition
d-penicillamine
Term
Anticholinergics
Definition
physostigmine
Term
Organophosphate pesticides
Definition
pralidoxime chloride
Term
Heparin
Definition
protamine sulfate
Term
Iodine
Definition
Startch
Supporting users have an ad free experience!