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Pharm Exam 2: Vasodilators
N/A
9
Pharmacology
Professional
10/06/2012

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Enalapril
Definition
  • ACE inhibitor
  • Prevents angiotensin II activation
  • Decr. ADH, BV, BP
Term
Losartan
Definition
  • AGII receptor antagnist
  • Blocks pro-hypertensive effects of AgII
  • Binds AT1 receptor
  • Decreased water retention, Na retention
Term
Prazosin
Definition
  • Alpha adrenergic antagonist
  • Competitive; A1 selective
  • Can increase CO, usually temporary. 
Term
Amlodipine
Definition
  • CaCh antagonist/blocker
  • decrease channel activity
  • decrease TPR
  • Can increase CO; usually temporary
Term

Nitroglycerin

(Glyceryl Trinitrate)

Definition
  • Exogenous NO donor
  • Not explosive when in drug form
  • Multiple routes of administration
  • Venous dilation, decr preload
  • Uses: acute cardiogenic pulm edema, CHF
  • Tolerance does develop

 

Term
Sodium Nitroprusside
Definition
  • Exogenous NO donor
  • arterial and venous dilation
  • Decr preload, decr afterload, decr BP
  • Uses: hypertensive emergencies, acute CHF
  • IV administration
  • Light sensitive; breaks down into cyanide
  • Fresh sol'n = slightly brownish, should be discarded if it is dark brown, orange or blue
Term
Sildenafil
Definition
  • PDE 5 Inhibitor
  • Increased cGMP = Incr PKG = decr Ca, decr contraction: vasodilation
  • Mostly in lungs, corpus cavernosum
  • Manage pulmonary hypertension
Term
Minoxidil
Definition
  • Potassium channel activator
  • Hyperpolarization = decr CaCh opening, decr Ca entry/contraction
  • Decr BP, TPR; rarely used
Term
Hydralazine
Definition
  • Profound arterial dilation
  • Decr IP3 induced calcium release
  • Rarely used for hypertensive crises; reflex tachycardia (baroreceptors), fluid retention (use with diuretic)
  • Used with mitral insufficiency (decr afterload, decr mitral regurg)
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