Inc metabolism, body growth

Replace missing T4 (T3)

Inhibit protein synthesis

Bactericidal

Inhibit cell wall synthesis

Bactericdal (Gram +, S. aureus)

Stimulate breakdown of stored glycogen to glucose in liver

Glucose inc in 5-20 min

Inc binding of insulin to receptors

Dec liver production of glucose from glycogen

Dec absorption of glucose from small intestine

Inc insulin sensitivity of cells

Stimulate beta cells to secrete insulin

Alter sensitivity of peripheral insulin receptors

Mimic incretin (promote endogenous insulin secretion)

Improved BG control

Improves beta cell responsiveness/enhances insulin secretion

Prevents liver from making excess glucose when not needed

Delays gastric emptying (dec appetite)

Inhibits bacterial beta-lactamase enzyme

Antibiotic effect, extends effect (combination of 2 drugs)

Relieve pain, burning, frequency, urgency

No anti-infective properties

Interfere w/viral DNA synthesis

Effective against various herpes viruses, CMV

Inc permeability of fungal cell membrane

Fungistatic, Fungicidal