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Pharm Exam 5: Anti-Diabetic Drugs
n/a
55
Criminology
Professional
04/25/2011

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Cards

Term
Insulin lispro is what type of drug?
Definition
Ultra-Short Acting Insulin
Term
Insulin aspart is what type of drug?
Definition
Ultra-Short Acting Insulin
Term
Insulin glulisine
Definition
Ultra-Short Acting Insulin
Term
Regular Insulin
Definition
Short Acting Insulin Preparation
Term
What drug is a Recombinant that is identical to human insulin?
Definition
Regular insulin
Term
Regular insulin Needs to be given....
Definition
30 to 45 minutes before meals
Term
NPH
Definition
intermediate acting insulin
Term
NPH is a complex of ___ & __
Definition
insulin and protamine
Term
What does NPH Require for absorption?
Definition
proteolytic degradation of protamine for absorption of insulin
Term
Insulin glargine
Definition
long acting insulin
Term
Insulin detemir
Definition
long acting insulin
Term
Ultralente
Definition
long acting insulin
Term
HbA1c target should be < or = __
Definition
6.5%
Term
Fasting Self-monitored glucose should be < ___ mg/dl
Definition
110
Term
Post-prandial glucose (self-monitored) should be < ___-___ mg/dl
Definition
140-180
Term
______-_____ units/kg/day- titrated to glycemic targets
Definition
0.3 -0.5
Term
Chlorpropamide
Definition
1st generation sulfonylurea
Term
Tolbutamide
Definition
1st generation sulfonylurea
Term
Tolazamide
Definition
1st generation sulfonylurea
Term
Glipizide
Definition
2nd generation sulfonylurea
Term
Glyburide
Definition
2nd generation sulfonylurea
Term
Glimeperide
Definition
2nd generation sulfonylurea
Term
Sulfonylureas: Mechanism of Action:
Definition
Block ATP-sensitive K+ channel
Leads to depolarization and influx of Ca++
Results in insulin secretion
Term
"Extrapancreatic Effects” of sulfonylureas MOA unknown (2)
Definition
1.) SUs indirectly increase tissue sensitivity to insulin, i.e., help overcome insulin resistance
2.) Help suppress hepatic glucose output
Term
longest acting sulfonylurea?
Definition
Chorpropamide
Term
_______ sulfonylurea w/ highest frequency of side effects, including hypoglycemia (related to t ½)
Definition
Chorpropamide
Term
Use Chorpropamide cautiously in ____ and patients with ___ ro _____ impairment
Definition
elderly
renal or hepatic
Term
Which generation of Sulfonylureas are more potent?
Definition
2nd - 100x
Term
Which generation of Sulfonylureas has less severe/persistent hypoglycemia?
Definition
2nd
Term
What is a significant drug interatction of sulfonylureas?
Definition
ETHANOL

Disulfiram-like interaction with ethanol (especially chlorpropramide)
Ethanol inhibits gluconeogenesis- can potentiate the hypoglycemic response
Term
Repaglinide
Definition
Non-Sulfonylurea Secretogogues
Term
Nateglinide
Definition
Non-Sulfonylurea Secretogogues
Term
Metformin
Definition
[Glucophage] (Biguanide) - Anti-diabetic drug
Term
Metformin has ____ action, not ____, “euglycemic”
Definition
Antihyperglycemic
hypoglycemic
Term
metformin advantages (4)
Definition
no weight gain
no hypoglycemia
significant lipid lowering effect
works in patients that are insulin resistant
Term
Metformin Concern is ___ (but rare), contraindicated in: (3)
Definition
lactic acidosis

Renal or hepatic insufficiency
Cardiac Failure
Hypoxic lung disease
Term
Combinations of anti-diabetic drugs combine the insulin releasing effect of ____ with increased glucose utilization & decreased hepatic glucose output of ___
Definition
sulfonylurea
metformin
Term
Glucovance
Definition
Combination of Glyburide and Metformin
Term
Metaglip
Definition
Metformin + Glipizide
Term
PrandiMet
Definition
Metformin + Repaglinide
Term
Avandamet
Definition
Metformin + Rosiglitazone
Term
Acarbose
Definition
a-Glucosidase Inhibitors
Term
Miglitol
Definition
a-Glucosidase Inhibitors
Term
a-Glucosidase Inhibitors MOA:
Definition
Inhibit digestion of complex sugars
Term
Pioglitazone [Actos]
Definition
Thiazolidinediones (TZDs)
Term
Rosiglitazone [Avandia]
Definition
Thiazolidinediones (TZDs)
Term
Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) are insulin _______
Definition
sensitiziers
Term
Rosiglitazone & Pioglitazone (TZDs) MOA:
Definition
Bind to nuclear transcription factors involved in insulin action
Term
Boxed Warning for TZDs:
Definition
Increased risk of heart failure, angina, and MI. Contraindicated in Class III-IV heart failure patients.
Term
Pramlintide
Definition
synthetic amylin analog - injectable agent
"adjunct to insulin therapy"
Term
Exenatide
Definition
Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog - injectable agent
"Adjunct to metformin or sulfonylurea or a combination"
Term
Liraglutide
Definition
Newer GLP-1 agonist - injectable agent
Term
____ has a 30% greater effect on HbA1C than Exenatide
Definition
Liraglutide-
Term
Sitagliptin
Definition
Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors
Term
Saxagliptin
Definition
Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors
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