Viral Presence

What is the best test to identify viral presence?

Raloxifene( Evista)

1. What meds are contraindicated with this drug?

Hydrochloroquine Sulfate (plaquenil)

1. what are side effects?(3)

2.what must be monitored

1. Blurred vision, inability to read, visual disturbances

2. regular eye exams.

Colchicine (Colsalide)

What are signs of colhicine toxicity?

Isotretinoin ( Accutane)

1. What can it cause and result in?

2. what must others notice about the patient?

1. Can cause severe depression, resulting in suicidal thoughts

2. Pay attention to the clients mood

psoriasis

what do you apply if the patient has this?

whats the best way to apply this?

topical cream

best way is to apply with hand, so wear gloves to prevent self absorption

Lidane (Kwell)

when is it contraindicated?

How long do you have to leave it on the body?

if client has a known seizure disorder

8 to 12 hrs

Cytoplegic eye drops

adverse effects?

why is it a problem?

Dialates the pupil: paralyze ciliary muscle

A properly working ciliary muscle is necessary for visualization of the retina

Anticholinergic drugs

What can it contribute to?

eye drops

whats the correct method of administration?

Middle Ear infections

How are they treated?

timolol (timoptic)

what interacts with this drug?

Prostaglandins

Adverse effects?

Aqueous Humor

What decreases the production of aqueous humor

Mydriatics

Mechanism of action?

Cerumen

What are used to soften or eliminate cerumen?

Psylium Mucilloid

What must be increased when a client takes this medication?

Levamisol (Ergamisol)

1. what happens when you combine this with alcohol?

Regular insulin

1. whats unique about this kind of insulin?

2. Mechanism of action?

1.  its the only one that can be given through iv.

2. promote entry of glucose into cells in order to lower glucose levels

Levothyroxine (synthroid)

Side effect of this?

What must be assessed?

Insomnia

altered sleep patterns

Androgens

Adverse effect?

What must be monitored?

Polycythemia

Hemoglobin and hematocrit

Prochlorperazine (Compazine)

1. Classification?

2. Mechanism of action?

3. What is one kind of extrapyramidal side effect?

4 Whats is the antidore for the side effect?

5. Another common side effect?

1. Phenothiazine

2. Blocks dopamine

3. Dystonia

4.Bentropine (Cogentin) or any anticholinergic

5. Dry mouth

Acyclovir (Zovirax)

What kind of  toxicity does it cause?

What should be monitored?

1 Nephrotoxicity

2 serum creatinine

Tadalafil (Cialis)

What can be caused when mixing this with nitroglycerin

Zidovudine (retrovir)

Adverse effects?

What indicates adverse effects?

Bone MArrow suspension

decreased WBCs

Diphenoxylate w/ Atropine (Lomotil)

Classisfication?

WHy is it unique?

Opiod

It has no analgesic properties

Immuno-stimulant therapy

1. what should a nurse look for?

What could #1 indicate?

What else could these drugs do?

Blood Dyscrasia

Indicates leucopenia or any type of infectious process

 can suppress bone marrow ans cause liver damage

Grape fruit

No

Proton pump inhibitors

1. Mechanism of action?

2. more effective than?

3. Why is it more effective?

4. Example?

1. reduce acid secreation in stomach

2. h2- receptor blockers

3. Longer duriation of action

4. nexium

Misoprostol (Cyotec)

 -when is it contraindicated

- what is it sometimes used for?

during pregnancy

 terminating pregnancies

Tetracycline

what can decrease the effectiveness of this drug?

GLucocorticoid therapy

WHat should the nurse assess for?

Aldosterone effects

Some signs of this effect?

What do they cause?

Hypernatrimia & hyperglycemia

Sodium and fluid retention, & elevated blood glucose levels due to promotion of gluconeogenesis

Pernisious Anemia

What is the cause?

Common signs?

Why may the stomach not be able to absorb vitamin b12

The patient has b 12 deficiency

Anemia, fatigue, weakness

Chronic supression of stomach acids by medications used for GERD

Vaccines

T/F they have more risk than gains?

Genatamicin 

Adverse effect?

Is it permanent?

Ototoxicity

Can be permanent with continuous use.

Corticosteroids

1. What do they suppress?

2. Because of number one, what should be assesed?

Immune Response

Infection

Glucocorticoids

Whats essential when taking this medication?

Sucrafate ( carafate)

1. when shoulld this be administered?

2. what happens if taken with milk?

3. What happens if taken after meals?

4. WHat happens if taken with 8 oz of water?

1. before meal b/c of protective coating

2. Inhibits action

3. inhibits ability to adhere to ulcer

4. decreases its bioavaliability and effectiveness

GI bleed

what indicates gi bleed?

Patient will experience pain with what kind of meds?

melena

???

Diabetes Mellitus type II

Whats wrong with this type of patient?

Propoxyphene( Darvocet)

Is it an anti-inflammatory drug?

Its not as effective as ____, when treating arthritis pain.

No

Ibuprophen (Advil) b/c its an antiinflamatory drug

Ibuprophen (Advil/Motrin)

1.Drug Classification?

Whats the Maximum amount of motrin that can be taken in 24 hrs?

Anti- Inflammatory

3200 mg

Vitamin A

WHat lab values to check for vitamin A toxicity

WHy?

Serum Albumin level

Binding protiens can become saturated with vitamin A

Immunosupresants

What should a patient avoid when taking?

Prostate Cancer

What does it depend on for growth?

What will suppress the secretion of #1?

Androgens

Administering estrogen

anti-Diarrheals

1.Mechanism of action?

2. Examples>?

Slow peristalsis to allow water reabsoption

Atropine

fat soluble Vitamins

1. where are they stored

2 what size?

3. what happens if you take in too much?

1. Liver & adipose tissue

2. in large quantities

3. storage occurs and leads to dangerously high levels

Iron Therapy ( Ferrous Sulfate)

WHat is the expected effect?

Clomphene

WHat does it stimulate?

WHat does this cause?

Stimulates Lutenizing hormone

LH causes more ovarian follicles maturation then normal.

THiamine Deficiency

Who experiences this?

Magnesium Level

1. What is a sign of low Mg level?

What client is at risk for with a low Mg diet?

 Decreases Reflexes

Seizures related to preclampsia

Oxytocin

1. When is it adminstered?

2. Mechanism of action?

3.What is an important side effect and what could it indicate?

4. What should the nurse assess for?

1. In post partum period

2. Causes smoth muscles of uterus to contract.

3. headache, can indicate hyponatremia(water intoxication)

4.SHould be assessed for fluid balance.

H2 Receptor Blockers

1. First choice to treat what?

2. T/F Can be taken with food only?

3. Examples??

Peptic Ulcer.

False, can be taken w/or w/out food.

Ranitidine(Zantac) & Famotidine (Pepcid)

Folic Acid

1. What does this help prevent in the fetus?

Vitamin_____?

Neural Tube Defects

Vitamin B4

Chronic Pancreatitis

Eventually leads to what?

May need to replace what?

Panceratic Insufficiency

Pancreatic enzymes

Sibutramine(Merdia)

What does the nurse have to assess for?

WHy?

Assess BP

HTN is a side effect

Bowel Prep

What must be assessed?

Why?

Assess kidney function and creatinine level

Patients need to be able to excrete a large volume of fluid.

Drug for dysfunctional uterine bleeding.

Mechanism of action?

Vasopressin (Pitressin)

Mechanism of action

what hormone is this similar to?

Acts on collecting ducts in the kidney to increase water reabsoption.

Anti Diuretic Hormone

Finasteride (Proscar)

Whats the other name it is sold as?

WHat does it do?

Propecia

Promotes hair growth

Diabeted Insipidus

What meds are used to treat this?

Hyperthyroidism (Graves disease)

WHats the primary goal of paharmacotherapy?

Insulin Lispro

How long is the onset of action?

When to administer it?

 10 to 15 mins.

Give while client is eating to prevent hypoglycemia

Depo-Provera

How long it it effective?

Lantus Insulin

When is it perscribed. (how many times a day)?

Acetaminophen (tylonol)

Inhibits what?

Antibiotics

WHat is important to know before starting antibiotics?

Diabetes Mellitius Type 1

1. If a client is unresponsive what do you assess?

2. SHould the nurse act before calling the physician?

3. What should be taken after the patient is treated for hypoglycemia?

4. WHat to assess before calling a code & why?

1. Focus and treat hypoglycemia b/c more likely than hyperglycemia

2. If an emergency, act first, call later.

3.Vital signs.

4. ABC b/c no information proving client is not breathing

Insulin

Action?

WHat can it cause?

Causes potassium to move into the cell.

Hypokalemia

Vitamin K 

1.Why cant an infant synthesise this & why is it dangerous?

2. Can mom's breast milk help?

3. How can you stimulate vitamin k synthesis in a infant?

4. Any specific orders for #3?

Gut is sterile so no synthesis, need vitamin k for blood clotting.

Breastmilk doesnt have enough vitamin K to protect from bleeding

Injection of???

Injection can NOT be in liquid form, needs to be given before infant starts bleeding.

Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH)

COmmon Symptoms?

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

What does it regulate in men?

Causative organisms

What is the best way of identifying the causative organism?

Doxazosin (Cardura)

What can it cause after 1st dose?

Alkalosis/ Acidosis

1. What will cause matabolic alkalosis?

2. WHat is important about metabolic/ respiratory acidosis

 & respitatory alkalosis?

1. Results from excessive loss of hydrochloric acid from the stomach brought on by prolonged vomiting.

2. None occur as a result of vomiting.

Terazosin (Hytrin)

Classification?

Action?

What else can it do?

Alpha adrenergic Blocker.

Relaxes smooth Muscle in prostate

Lower BP