Term
Structure
How long is the Alimentary Canal? |
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Definition
| Extends from oral cavity to anus (25–30 feet in length). |
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Term
| What is the Function of the Digestive tract? |
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Definition
Provides the body with fluids, nutrients, and electrolytes in a form that can be used at the cellular level
Disposes of waste products resulting from digestive process |
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Term
| Esophagus the musculofibrous tubes is ___ long? |
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Definition
Esophagus
Musculofibrous tube ≈10” long |
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Term
| What is the main function of the esophagus? |
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Definition
| Convey food bolus from pharynx to stomach |
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Term
Each end is a sphincter
Upper sphincter does? |
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Definition
| prevents air from entering esophagus during inspiration |
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Term
Each end is a sphincter
Lower sphincter does? |
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Definition
| Lower sphincter prevents gastric acid reflux into esophagus |
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Term
| Stomach serves as a _____? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| food with digestive juices |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Stomach secretes ____ and what other factors? |
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Definition
mucus,
hydrochloric acid, enzymes, intrinsic factor (necessary for vitamin B12 absorption) |
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Term
| Only alcohol and some medications are absorbed in the ____? |
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Definition
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Term
Small intestine
Duodenum, jejunum, ileum |
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Definition
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Term
Small intestine
Duodenum, jejunum, ileum contains numerous glands that secrete? |
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Definition
| Digestive enzymes, hormones, and mucus |
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Term
| Most digestion & absorption occur in the? |
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Definition
| small intestine, including most oral medications |
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Term
| Large intestine includes? |
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Definition
| Cecum, colon, rectum, anus |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Pancreas Secretes enzymes for digestion include ___,___,___? |
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Definition
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Term
| Pancreas Secretes hormones that regulate ____metabolism, ____ sugar levels |
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Definition
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Term
| Gallbladder Stores and concentrates ____? |
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Definition
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Term
| Gallbladder releases ____ when ___ are in the duodenum |
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Definition
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Term
| Liver receive ___-___% of total cardiac output. |
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Definition
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Term
| Liver receives ___% is venous blood from the stomach, intestines, spleen, pancreas(portal circulation) |
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Definition
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Term
What organ Receives 25–30% of total cardiac output, 75% is venous blood from stomach, intestines, spleen, pancreas (portal circulation).
Remainder is arterial blood via hepatic artery. |
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Definition
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Term
| The liver also plays what four roles? |
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Definition
Detoxifies/alters substances
Oxidation, hydrolysis, conjugation
Has role in metabolism of
CHO, fat, protein
Has role in glucose/glycogen conversion
Synthesizes vital coagulation factors |
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Term
| The liver serves as body's blood reservoir and does what three things? |
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Definition
Ejects blood into general circulation in response to stress, blood volume, SNS stimulation
Serves as blood filter and detoxifier
Most medications are metabolized in the liver, excreted by kidneys |
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Term
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Definition
Protects GI lining from digestive juices
Lubricates food bolus for easier passage
Promotes adherence of fecal mass
Neutralizes acids and bases |
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Term
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Definition
Contains mucus, ptyalin, salivary amylase
Lubricates food bolus
Initiates starch digestion |
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Term
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Definition
Mucus, digestive enzymes
Hydrochloric acid, electrolytes |
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Term
| Gastric juice Secretion varies related to |
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Definition
-Time of day
-Time/type of food ingested
-Psychological state
-Body’s other metabolic activities
-Secretion stimulated by PNS |
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Term
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Definition
-Are alkaline secretions
-Contain enzymes for digestion of CHO, fats, proteins
-Contain large amounts of sodium bicarbonate
-Protects mucosa of small intestine from digestive properties of gastric juices |
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Term
| Bile formed continuously in the liver and? |
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Definition
-Carried to the gallbladder for storage
-Contains bile salts, cholesterol, bilirubin, fatty acids, electrolytes
-Bile salts required for digestion/ absorption of fats
-Reabsorbed/reused by liver; some excreted in feces |
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Term
| Many common symptoms relate to GI are? |
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Definition
Many common symptoms relate to GI function
Nausea
Vomiting
Constipation
Diarrhea
Abdominal pain |
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Term
| Symptoms may result from? |
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Definition
GI disorder
Other body system disorders
Medication therapy |
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Term
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Definition
| Ingestion, dissolution, absorption, metabolism of medications |
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Term
Medications administered for conditions unrelated to GI disorders
Medications administered for conditions unrelated to GI disorders may cause? |
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Definition
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Term
| GI conditions may alter clients response to? |
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Definition
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Term
Primarily alter what three GI functions?
And may include? |
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Definition
Secretion, absorption, motility
Laxatives, antidiarrheals
Antiemetics, acid-peptic disorders
Cholinergics, anticholinergics
Corticosteroids, anti-infectives |
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