Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Pharm CH 64
Dietary Supplements & Herbal Medications
9
Pharmacology
Professional
06/02/2012

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Echinacea
Definition

CH 64 Dietary Supplements & Herbal Medications (Botanicals)

 

Immune: increased phagocytosis, total circulating WBC's, monocytes, neutrophils, NKC's

 

Anti-inflammatory

Weak anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral, antioxidant

Flu-like symptoms (fever,

shivering, headache, vomiting)

 

Avoid with AIDS, autoimmune

disorders, TB

Enhance immune function for those w. colds and other respiratory tract infections

 

 

Term
Feverfew
Definition

CH 64 Dietary Supplements & Herbal Medications (Botanicals)

 

active ingredients include parthenolide, which may modulate NF-κB-mediated inflammatory responses and induce apoptosis in some cancer cell lines (wiki)

withdrawal syndrome with headaches and muscle and joint pain

mouth ulcers and swelling

Reduce fever; treat headaches, arthritis and digestive problems

Scientific evidence does not support anything beyond a placebo effect

 

Term
Ginkgo Biloba
Definition

CH 64 Dietary Supplements & Herbal Medications (Botanicals)

 

Cardio: ↑ blood flow, ↓ blood viscosity, vasodilation, ↑tissue perfusion

Metabolic: antioxidant

CNS: ↑ (muscarinic, α2, 5-HT1a) and ↓β receptor densities

Allergy, anxiety, insomnia

 

Avoid w.: anti-platelets, anticoagulants

Used for cerebral insufficiency,

dementia (Alzheimer)

 

 

 

Term
Ginseng
Definition

CH 64 Dietary Supplements & Herbal Medications (Botanicals)

 

Immune (induces mRNA expression for lots of stuff); CNS (↑ACh, serotonin, norepi, dopamine)

 

Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-stress, analgesia, anti-platelet, anti-cancer

Vaginal bleeding, mastalgia, CNS

Stimulation

 

Avoid w.: psychiatric, estrogenic, & hypoglycemic meds; Warfarin

Used for: improving quality of life,

upper respiratory infections, reduce blood glucose

 

 

Term
Kava
Definition

CH 64 Dietary Supplements & Herbal Medications (Botanicals)

 

Effects including mild sedation, anesthetic, and cheerful mood are thought to result from interactions of kavalactones with voltage-gated ion channels, possibly potentiates GABAA activity

Hepatotoxicity

Used for: anxiety

 

Avoid!

 

Term
St. John's Wort
Definition

CH 64 Dietary Supplements & Herbal Medications (Botanicals)

 

Hypericin thought to be active component. In vitro studies show inhibition of nerve terminal reuptake of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine.

Photosensitization, hypomania, mania, autonomic arousal

Induces P450

Used for: depression

 

Term
Saw Palmetto
Definition

CH 64 Dietary Supplements & Herbal Medications (Botanicals)

 

Inhibits conversion of testosterone to DHT by

noncompetitive inhibition of 5alpha-reductase

GI upset, ↓libido, impotence, urinary retention, back pain

Used for: benign prostatic

hyperplasia

 

Term
Ephedra (Ma Huang)
Definition

CH 64 Dietary Supplements & Herbal Medications (Botanicals)

 

Stimulates adrenergic receptors by ↑ the activity of noradrenaline at α- and β-receptors, ability to cross blood-brain barrier makes it a mild stimulant

CNS and cardiac toxicity

Avoid: at risk for stroke, MI, uncontrolled BP, seizures, anxiety

Used for: diet aid, stimulant,

bronchodilator

 

Term
Penny Royal
Definition

CH 64 Dietary Supplements & Herbal Medications (Botanicals)

 

Contains pulegone

Avoid!

Liver failure, renal failure, highly toxic –death

Used for: digestive aid, induces

menstrual flow, abortifacient

 

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