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Details

Pharm CH 31
Opioid Analgesics & Antagonists
13
Pharmacology
Professional
05/30/2012

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Morphine sulfate
Definition

CH 31 Opioid Analgesics & Antagonists

Strong Opioid Agonists

Strong μ-receptor agonists, variable affinity for δ and κ receptors

 

Effects: analgesia, relief of anxiety, sedation, slowed GI transit

Respiratory depression, severe constipation, addiction liability, convulsions

 

Nausea, histamine release

Severe pain

 

Adjunct in anesthesia (fentanyl, morphine)

 

Pulmonary edema (morphine only)

 

maintenance and rehab programs (methadone only)

 
 
 
 

 

Term
Methadone
Definition

CH 31 Opioid Analgesics & Antagonists

Strong Opioid Agonists

Strong μ-receptor agonists, variable affinity for δ and κ receptors

 

Effects: analgesia, relief of anxiety, sedation, slowed GI transit

Respiratory depression, severe constipation, addiction liability, convulsions

 

Nausea, histamine release

Severe pain

 

Adjunct in anesthesia (fentanyl, morphine)

 

Pulmonary edema (morphine only)

 

maintenance and rehab programs (methadone only)

 
 
 
 

 

Term
Meperidine
Definition

CH 31 Opioid Analgesics & Antagonists

Strong Opioid Agonists

Strong μ-receptor agonists, variable affinity for δ and κ receptors

 

Effects: analgesia, relief of anxiety, sedation, slowed GI transit

Respiratory depression, severe constipation, addiction liability, convulsions

 

Nausea, histamine release

Severe pain

 

Adjunct in anesthesia (fentanyl, morphine)

 

Pulmonary edema (morphine only)

 

maintenance and rehab programs (methadone only)

 
 
 
 

 

Term

Fentanyl

and other fentanils

Definition

CH 31 Opioid Analgesics & Antagonists

Strong Opioid Agonists

Strong μ-receptor agonists, variable affinity for δ and κ receptors

 

Effects: analgesia, relief of anxiety, sedation, slowed GI transit

Respiratory depression, severe constipation, addiction liability, convulsions

 

Nausea, histamine release

Severe pain

 

Adjunct in anesthesia (fentanyl, morphine)

 

Pulmonary edema (morphine only)

 

maintenance and rehab programs (methadone only)

 
 
 
 

 

Term
Codeine
Definition

CH 31 Opioid Analgesics & Antagonists

Moderate Opioid Agonists

 

Less efficacious than morphine, can antagonize strong agonists

 

Effects: like strong agonists but weaker

Similar to strong agonists:

Respiratory depression, severe constipation, addiction liability, convulsions

Nausea, histamine release

Cough,  mild to moderate pain

 

Term
Oxycodone
Definition

CH 31 Opioid Analgesics & Antagonists

Moderate Opioid Agonists

 

Less efficacious than morphine, can antagonize strong agonists

 

Effects: like strong agonists but weaker

Similar to strong agonists:

Respiratory depression, severe constipation, addiction liability, convulsions

Nausea, histamine release

 

Mild to moderate pain

 

Term
Propoxyphene
Definition

CH 31 Opioid Analgesics & Antagonists

Moderate Opioid Agonists

 

Less efficacious than morphine, can antagonize strong agonists

 

Effects: like strong agonists but weaker

Similar to strong agonists:

Respiratory depression, severe constipation, addiction liability, convulsions

Nausea, histamine release

Mild to moderate pain

 

Term
Diphenoxylate
Definition

CH 31 Opioid Analgesics & Antagonists

Moderate Opioid Agonists

 

Less efficacious than morphine, can antagonize strong agonists

 

Effects: like strong agonists but weaker

Similar to strong agonists:

Respiratory depression, severe constipation, addiction liability, convulsions

Nausea, histamine release

Diarrhea, mild to moderate pain

 

Term
Loperamide
Definition

CH 31 Opioid Analgesics & Antagonists

Moderate Opioid Agonists

 

Less efficacious than morphine, can antagonize strong agonists

 

Effects: like strong agonists but weaker

Similar to strong agonists:

Respiratory depression, severe constipation, addiction liability, convulsions

Nausea, histamine release

Diarrhea, mild to moderate pain

 

Term
Pentazocine
Definition

CH 31 Opioid Analgesics & Antagonists

Opioids with Mixed Receptor Actions

 

Κ agonist with weak μ antagonist or partial agonist properties

May reduce analgesia or precipitate an explosive abstinence syndrome (when mixed with pure agonist drugs)

Moderate pain

 

Some maintenance rehab programs

Term
Tramadol
Definition

CH 31 Opioid Analgesics & Antagonists

Other Opioids

 

Weak μ agonist, moderate SERT inhibitor, weak NET inhibitor

 

Analgesia

Seizures (CI in patients with epilepsy)

Moderate pain

 

Adjunct to opioids in chronic pain syndromes

 

Term
Dextromethorphan
Definition

CH 31 Opioid Analgesics & Antagonists

Antitussives

 

Poorly understood but strong and partial μ agonists are also effective

Reduces cough reflex

minimal

Acute debilitating cough

 

Term
Naloxone
Definition

CH 31 Opioid Analgesics & Antagonists

Opioid Antagonist

 

Antagonist at μ, δ, and κ receptors

Rapidly antagonizes all opioid effects

Precipitates abstinence syndrome in dependent users

Opioid overdose

 

Short duration of action (1-2 hours) – severely depressed patient may relapse after one dose

 

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