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Pharm angina drugs
Pharm angina drugs
20
Environmental Studies
Professional
05/30/2009

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Term
B-blockers: target
Definition
B1 adrenergic receptors
Term
B-blockers: pharm effects
Definition
reduced HR, contractility, BP (decrease cardiac work and myocardial O2 demand); decreased HR (longer coronary perfusion time, increases supply)
Term
B-blockers: adverse effects
Definition
increased end diastolic ventricular volume (preload), increased ejection time (both increase myocardial work and O2 demand); bronchoconstriction, vasoconstriction, hypoglycemia
Term
B-blockers: uses
Definition
angina pectoris, arrhythmias, HTN, MI
Term
Sildenafil: target
Definition
phosphodiesterase 5
Term
Sildenafil: mechanism
Definition
inhibition of PDE 5 increases cGMP concentration (decreases cGMP dephosphorylation to GMP), vasodilation of corpora cavernosa smooth muscle-->erection. Requires an intact parasympathetic function for the production of NO
Term
Sildenafil: adverse effects
Definition
potentiates the action of organic nitrates-->hypotension and MI
Term
Organic Nitrates: target
Definition
guanylyl cylcase via enzymatic generation of NO
Term
Organic nitrates: PK
Definition
large 1st pass: give sub-lingual, patch or LARGE oral dose
Term
Organic nitrates: pharm effects
Definition
cGMP enhances vascular smooth muscle relaxation-->venodilation reduces preload
Term
Organic nitrates: uses
Definition
angina, CHF
Term
Organic nitrates: adverse effects
Definition
postural hypotension, reflex sympathetic stimulation (palpitations), dilation of meningeal vessels (headache), interaction with sildenafil, tolerance (Monday disease)
Term
Calcium Channel Blockers: tissues containing L-type Ca channels
Definition
cardiac and smooth muscle
Term
Calcium Channel Blockers: pharm effects
Definition
decreased smooth muscle tone (BP), contractility, HR, SA and AV node conduction
Term
Calcium Channel Blockers: uses
Definition
arrhythmias, angina, HTN
Term
Calcium Channel Blockers: types
Definition
Nifedipine (vascular>cardiac), verapamil and diltiazem (vascular = cardiac)
Term
Calcium Channel Blockers: target
Definition
L-type Ca channel
Term
Calcium Channel Blockers: adverse effects
Definition
hypotension, refelx tachycardia (N), headache, myocardial depression (V/D), CHF, bradycardia, AV block, constipation
Term
Beneficial combinations for angina
Definition
Nitrate + B-blocker (or verapamil), nifedipine + B-blocker (or verapamil)
Term
Adverse drug combos for angina
Definition
nifedipine + nitrate (hypotension and MI); verapamil + b-blocker (depresses myocardium too much)
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