Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Pharm 3
n/a
22
Nursing
Graduate
10/29/2013

Additional Nursing Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Antacid Aluminum Salts
Definition

-consipating

 

-given with something with mg to counteract constipation

 

-recommended for patients with renal failure

 

-Basaljel, alternagel

 

-combinations with AL and MG, maalox, mylant, di-gel, gaviscon

Term
antacid magnesium salts
Definition

-commonly cause diarrhea: aluminum counteracts the diarrhea

 

-dangerous when used with renal failure

 

- magnesium hydroxide, gaviscon, maalox, mylanta

Term
Antacid Calcium Salts
Definition

-may cause constipation, kidney stones

 

-not recommended in patients with renal disease, acid rebound may occur.

 

-tums: calcium carbonate

 

 

Term
antacids sodium bicarbonate
Definition

-may cause metabolic alkalosis

 

-may cause probs with HF, HTN, renal insufficiency.

Term
antiflatulents
Definition

-activated charcoal

 

simethicone (does not prevent the flatulents, it causes the gas bubbles to break. which leads to alot of belching. This prevents gas pain only.)

Term
Antacid: adverse effects
Definition

-Aluminum and calcium : constipation

 

-Magnesium: Diarrhea

 

-Calcium carbonate: produces gas and belching; often combined with simethicone

Term

Antacid: drug interactions

 

 

Definition

-adsorption of other drugs to antacids( reduces the ability of the other drug to be absorbed into the body)

 

-chelation( reduced drug absorption)

 

-increased stomach ph( increased absorption of basic drugs, decreased absorption of acidic drugs.)

 

-increased urinary pH( increased exretion of acidic drugs, decreased excretion of basic drugs.

Term
regarding antacids, what preexisting conditions may restrict the use of antacids
Definition

fluid imbalance

pregnancy

renal disease

GI obstruction

HF

Term
when should medications be given regarding the use of antacids
Definition
most meds should be given 1 to 2 hours after giving the antacid
Term
how should you admin antacids?
Definition

with at least 8 ounces of water to enhance absorption.

 

Keep in mind that antacids may mask an underlying illness.

Term
What do H2 antagonists do
Definition

-reduce acid secretion

 

-most popular drugs: tagamet, axis, pepcid, zanatac.... they all end in tidine

 

Cimetidine, nizatidine, famotidine, ranitidine

Term
indications for Antagonist H2
Definition

GERD

PUD

Erosive esphagitis

Adjunt therap in control of upper GI bleeding

Pathologic gastric hypersecretory conditions

Term
adverse effects of H2 Antagonists
Definition

cimetidine may induce impotence and gynecomastia

 

headaches, lethargy, confusion, diarrhea, urticari, sweating, flushing, etc

Term

h2 antagonist: drug interactions

 

cimetidine

Definition

-all h2 antagonists may inhibit the absorption of drugs that req an acidic GI environment for absorption

 

- smoking has been shown to decrease h2 effectiveness aswell.

 

- cimetidine: dose not play well with MAO and may increase drug levels in general.

Term
H2 antagonist: nursing implications
Definition
take 1 hour before antacids
Term
Proton pump inhibitors
Definition
decrease amount of acid that is being produced.
Term
Proton pump inh drugs
Definition

they all end in prazole

 

iansoprazole

omerprazole

rabeprazole

pantoprazole

esomeprazole

(abilify does not fit in this category)

Term
Proton pump inh. adverse effects
Definition

-safe for short term therapy

 

-uncommon adverse effects

 

-long term use can cause a decrease in B12 absorption

Term
Which proton pump inh. can be given parenterally?
Definition

pantoprazole is the only one. can be used in those who are unable to take oral meds.

 

ppi may cause an increase in diazepam levels, phenytoin, increased chance of bleeding with warfarn.

Term

proton pump inh: granules of pantoprazole

 

Definition

given through NG tube

 

- proton pump inhibs work best when taken 30 to 60 mins before meals.

Term
Sucralfate (Carafate)
Definition

-used for stress ulcers, PUD

-forms barriers around the ulcers

-protects these areas from pepsin

 

-can cause constipation, nausea, and drymout

-can alter absorption of other drugs

-helps bring phosphatte levels down in renal failure.

Term
Misoprostol (Cytotec)
Definition

-protects gastric mucosa from injury

-protects against NSAIDs

-may produce abdominal cramps, diarrhe (duodenal ulcers).

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