Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| diphenhydramine (benadryl |
|
Definition
first gen H1 antagonist
second line agent: OTC, prophy, sedation, anticholinergic (drying) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
first gen H1 antagonist
second line agent: OTC, prophy, sedation (used in pedo), anticholinergic (drying) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| chlopheniramine (chlo-trimenton) |
|
Definition
first gen H1 antagonist
second line agent: OTC, prophy, sedation, anticholinergic (drying) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
first gen H1 antagonist
sedation (used for pedo) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| des-loratidine (clarinex) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| nizatidine (axid pulvules) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
anti-inflammatory steroid
short acting glucocorticoid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
anti-inflammatory steroid
intermediate acting glucocorticoid
oral steroid |
|
|
Term
| prednisolone (delta-cortef) |
|
Definition
anti-inflammatory steroid
intermediate acting glucocorticoid
oral steroid |
|
|
Term
| triamcinolone (aristocort |
|
Definition
anti-inflammatory steroid
intermediate acting glucocorticoid
intraarticular |
|
|
Term
| methylprednisolone (medrol) |
|
Definition
anti-inflammatory steroid
intermediate glucocorticoid
oral steroid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
anti-inflammatory steroid
long acting glucocorticoid
intranasal steroid - allergic rhinitis or inflammatory cond
intraarticular (TMJ)
intraarticular injection (decadron-LA) |
|
|
Term
| betamethasone (celestone) |
|
Definition
anti-inflammatory steroid
long acting glucocorticoid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
oral inhalation for asthma
intranasal steroid (nasacort)
intraarticular injection (aristocort)
-first line (inhaled)
-not for acute attack (long onset)
-decrease release of prostaglandins and leukotrienes |
|
|
Term
| beclomethasone (beclovent) |
|
Definition
oral inhalation for asthma
intranasal steroid (beconase)
-first line (inhaled)
-not for acute attack (long onset)
-decrease release of prostaglandins and leukotrienes
intranasal steroid - allergic rhinitis or inflammatory cond |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
oral inhalation for asthma
-first line (inhaled)
-not for acute attack (long onset)
-decrease release of prostaglandins and leukotrienes |
|
|
Term
| orabase hydrocortisone (orabase-hca) |
|
Definition
glucocorticoid: oral topical
for oral lesions
no steroid - 2-3x/day |
|
|
Term
| orabase + trimcinolone (kenalog in orabase) |
|
Definition
oral topical
no steroid - 2-3x/day |
|
|
Term
| levothyroxine (synthroid) |
|
Definition
hypothyroid drug (L isomer of T4)
best absorbed in stomach
prodrug for T3 (in tissues) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hypothyroid drug
t4 and t3
porcine thyroid gland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hypothyroid drug
risk: BSE (bovine spongiforms encephalopathy) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hyperthyroidism
beta particle (radioactive) - destroy glands in 2-3 months
1/2 life = 8 days
cheap but may have delayed hypothyroidism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hyperthyroidism
reduce synthesis of thyroid hormone (inhibits thyroid peroxidase)
long acting
bad: may lose taste, liver injury/failure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hyperthyroidism
reduce synthesis of thyroid hormone (inhibits thyroid peroxidase)
long acting
bad: bad taste, salivary swelling, birth defects |
|
|
Term
| conjugated estrogen (premarin) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ethinyl estraiol (estinyl) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| estradiol transdermal system |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| conjugated estrogen and medroxyprogesterone (prempro) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| medroxyprogesterone (provera-oral and depo-provera-IM) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| yaz (drospirenone + ethinyl E) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| etonogestrel (implant) (implanon) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| etonogestrel + ethyinyl estradiol (nuvaring) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 17-alpha-alkylated androgens |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
repo
androgen hormone inhibitor - benign prostatic hypertrophy, prostate CA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hemostasis and anticoagulants
antiplatelet aggregation
used for: CVA, CAB surgery, post MI, transient ischemic attack, angina pectoris
inhibits synthesis of thromboxane A2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hemostasis and anticoagulants
disaccharides
mechn: antithrombin III inactivates IX, X, XII > decreased thrombin formation
decreases fibrin activation
heparin increase AT III 100x |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hemostasis and anticoagulants
porcine
prevention of deep vein thrombosis after surgery (hip,knee)
effects factor X most |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hemostasis and anticoagulants
coumarind derivative: reduces vit K
doesnt affect clot, just prevents new clots
absorbed by all routes, bound to plasma proteins, metabolized in the liver |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hemostasis and anticoagulants
irreversible inhibition of ADP receptor induced platelet agg (increased BT)
(avoid NSAIDS) |
|
|
Term
| microfibrillar collagen hemostat (hemopad) |
|
Definition
hemostasis and anticoagulants
increases agg of platelets |
|
|
Term
| absrobable gelatine sponge (gelfoam) |
|
Definition
hemostasis and anticoagulants
applied dry, absorbs blood, stims coag, resorbs 4-6 wks |
|
|
Term
| oxidized cellulose sponge (oxycel) |
|
Definition
hemostasis and anticoagulants
physical plug, swells, remove in 1-2 days, forms artificial clot, delays healing |
|
|
Term
| fibrin sealant (fibrin glue) |
|
Definition
hemostasis and anticoagulants
procoagulant
thrombin + calcium + fibrinogen + XIII = clot
used for people with blood disorder |
|
|
Term
| transexamic acid (cyklokapron) |
|
Definition
hemostasis and anticoagulants
prevents hemorrhage in hemophiliacs
competitively inhibits plasminogen activator and plasmin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
oral hypoglycemics
sulfonylureas: first gen
short dur, high # doses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
oral hypoglycemics
sulfonylureas: second gen
high dose, long dur, short half/life |
|
|
Term
| glyburide (nonmicronized diabeta, micronized micronase) |
|
Definition
oral hypoglycemics
sulfonylureas: second gen
long dur, mico shorter half life |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
oral hypoglycemics
sulfonylureas: second gen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
oral hypoglycemics
other oral hypoglycemics
improves glucose tolerance in type II patients > lowers blood glucose
decreases production
decreases int absorption
improves insulin sens in tissues
might cause GI problems, lactic acidosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
oral hypoglycemics
other oral hypoglycemics
inhibition of membrane-bound int glucoside hydroxylases - delays carbo digestion > keeps small rise in blood glucose after meal
GI problems |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
oral hypoglycemics
other oral hypoglycemics
non-sulfonyl urea stims release of insulin from pancreas use with metformin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
oral hypoglycemics
other oral hypoglycemics
increase insulin sens in tissues
CHF and myocardial ischemia
decreased effectiveness of oral contraceptives |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
oral hypoglycemics
other oral hypoglycemics
DPP-4 inhibitor: blocks enzyme which breaks down incretins > increases active levers of incretin hormone |
|
|
Term
| chlorpropamide (diabinese) |
|
Definition
oral hypoglycemics
sulfonylureas: first gen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-reversible, competitive against histamine
-no effect on H2 receptors
-most effective before histamine release
-first gen: short duration, lotta action
-second gen: longer, only antihistamine
uses: antagonize receptors on resp SM
anti-allergic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
4-6 hours, antihist, antichlo, sedative
readily enter CNS
metabolized in the liver
side effects: CNS depression, xerostomia, blurred vision |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
doesnt enter CNS
metabolized by CYP3A4 system
not effective for sedation
-reduces stim of gastric acid secretion
-also used for zolilnger-ellison synd; GERD; heartburn, premed
-side effects: low acid in stomach, headache/dizziness, inhibit CP450 |
|
|
Term
anti inflammatory steroid
glucocorticoid |
|
Definition
- substitution for deficiency (chronic = addisons)
- anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressant
- bronchial asthma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| insulin - intermediate-acting |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| glargine solution - lantis |
|
|
