Term
|
Definition
| Isosorbide dinitrate, Isosorbide 5-mononitrate, Nitroglycerin |
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Term
|
Definition
| Short-acting (sublingual, acute/prophylaxis) Long-acting (oral, angina, ischemic heart disease, esophageal spasm) Venous > arteriolar. Tolerance |
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Term
|
Definition
| Prophylaxis of angina, chronic ischemic heart diease (Same as all nitrates) Same as Dinitrate. Longer half-life, better absorption, no first-pass, less rebound angina, greater efficacy. |
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Term
| Nitrate adversia and contraindications |
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Definition
| (Refractory hypotension, reflex tachycaddic angina, palpitations, syncope, flushing headache) [hypotension, shock, hydrocephalus, glaucoma, hypertrophy cardiomyopathy, anemia, Posphodieasterase V inhibitors] |
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Term
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Definition
| Sort-acting(sublingual/spray: acute), Long-acting (oral, buccal, transdermal: prophylaxis, ischemic heart) Intravenous (unstable angina, acute heart failure) (Nitrate adversia) [skin tape allergy for transdermal, IV: tamponade, restrictive, pericarditis] Less effective than isosorbide dinitrate. Ergotamine opposes |
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Term
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Definition
| HTN emergency, cardiac failure, ergot alkaloid toxicity (Cyanide toxicity, cardiac arrhythmia, bleeding, hypotension, acidosis, bowel obstruction, methemoglobinemia, increased intracranial pressure, flushing, renal azotemia) [Hypotension, valvular disease, vascular resistance, hepatic/renal failure, optic atrophy, surgery, tobacco amblyopia] Venous = arteriolar. >200 mg/L deadly, Sodium thiosulfate reduces cyanide. |
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Term
| Phosphosiesterase 5 inhibitors |
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Definition
| Sildenafil, Vardenafil, Tadalafil |
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Term
| Sildenafil, Vardenafil, Tadalafil |
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Definition
| Erectile dysfunction, Pulmonary hypertension (sildenafil) |
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|
Term
| Calcium Channel Blockers MOA |
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Definition
| Block voltage gated L-type calcium channels |
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Term
|
Definition
| Nifedipine, Amlodipine, Felodipine, Diltiazem |
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Term
|
Definition
| Nifedipine, Amlodipine, Felodipine (Vasculoselective) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Diltiazem (Non-selective) |
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Term
| Nifedipine, Amlodipine, Felodipine |
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Definition
| Extertional/unstable angina, Coronary spasm, HTN, Hyper. cardiomyo., Raynaud, Pre-eclampsia (Increased angina, MI, palpitations, edema, flushing, constipation, heartburn dizzines) [hypotension] Arteriolar > venous, Nifedipine: brisk w/ reflex tachycardia, amlodipine: bioavailable, longer effect, Nafcillin is anti-nifedipine |
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Term
|
Definition
| Prinzmetal/variant/chronic-stable angina, HTN, Atrial fibrillation or flutter, Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (arrhythmia, block, bradyarrhythmia, HF, edema, syncope, gingival hyperplasia, dizziness) [Block or sick sinus, supraventricular tachycardia, left ventricular failure, Hypotension, MI w/ pulmonary congestion] Low selectivity, depresses SA/AV, raises carbamazepine levels. Avoid beta-blockers. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Verapamil (Cardioselective) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Same applications/adversia as diltiazem. IV contraindicated with ventricular tachycardia and beta-blockers. Increases serum alcohol, pimozide and simvastatin. |
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Term
| Potassium Channel Openers MOA |
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Definition
| open ATP-modulated K+ channels, inhibiting influx of calcium |
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|
Term
| Potassium Channel Openers |
|
Definition
| Minoxidil, Pinacidil, Nicorandil, Cromakalim |
|
|
Term
| Minoxidil, Pinacidil, Nicorandil, Cromakalim |
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Definition
| Refractory HTN, alopecia (topical minoxidil) [Pheochromocytoma] Arteriolar > venous. With beta-blocker and diuretic. Caution with dissecting AA, MI or renal insufficiency. |
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Term
| Endothelin Receptor Antagonist |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Pulmonary Hypertension [Pregnancy, cyclosporine A, glyburide] LFTs, avoid with hepatic insufficiency, avoid hypovolemia, hypotension, HF or anemia. P450 2C9 & 3A4 |
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Term
|
Definition
| Arteriolar vasodilator, mechanism unclear |
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Term
|
Definition
| HTN, HF [DAA, Coronary disease, rheumatic valvular disease] Arteriolar > venous. Used with beta-blocker & diuretic or with dinitrate w/ HF. Avoid diazoxide and MAOI causing hypotension. |
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