Term
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Definition
| Study of the effect of chemicals on living tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| Study of the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs. |
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Term
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Definition
| The formulation and preparation of drugs. |
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Term
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Definition
| The study of the economic impact of drugs. |
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Term
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Definition
| The study of the harmful effects of chemicals. |
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Term
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Definition
| The study of the medicinal uses of naturally occurring compounds. |
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Term
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Definition
| The preparation and dispensing of drugs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Genetic influences by and on drugs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Physiological and biochemical mechanism of action of drugs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Identifies discrete genetic differences among individuals that play a critical role in drug response. |
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Term
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Definition
| The study of the use and effect of drugs in large groups of people. |
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Term
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Definition
| Chemical substances that bind to a specific receptor |
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Term
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Definition
| Binds to a receptor and stimulates the function that receptor serves |
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Term
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Definition
| Binds to a receptor and blocks the function that receptor serves. |
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Term
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Definition
| Reversible binding. Ex: most drugs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Nonreversible binding. Ex: aspirin binding to platelets permanently. |
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Term
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Definition
| Effective dose in 50% of population |
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Term
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Definition
| Toxic dose in 50% of population |
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Term
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Definition
| Lethal dose in 50% of population |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Strong to weak:
Covalent
Ionic
Hydrogen
Hydrophobic
Van der Waals |
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Definition
Put the following bonds in order from strongest to weakest:
Hydrophobic, ionic, hydrogen, covalent, van der waals. |
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Term
| Affinity (potency), efficacy, variability, slope (margin of safety) |
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Definition
| 4 factors the dose response curve allows you to determine |
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Term
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Definition
| Continued stimulation of cells with agonists resulting in a state of desensitization. The effect that follows continued or subsequent exposure to the same concentration of drug is diminished. (Tolerance) |
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Term
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Definition
| Results from chronic administration of an antagonist. The # and sensitivity of the receptors increase as a response to chronic blockade. Pt develops tolerance and requires higher doses of the antagonist to counteract the increasing receptor #. |
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Term
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Definition
| The % of a drug contained in a drug product that enters the systemic circulation in an unchanged form after administration of the product. |
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Term
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Definition
| Alteration in the therapeutic action of a drug by concurrent administration of other exogenous chemicals |
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Term
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Definition
| Combined effect of two drugs acting via the same mechanism is equal to that expected by simple addition of their individual actions. 1+1=2 |
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Term
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Definition
| Combined effect of two drugs is greater than the algebraic sum of their individual effects. 1+1=3 |
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Term
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Definition
| Enhancement of the action of one drug by a second drug that has no detectable action of its own. 1+0=3 |
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Term
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Definition
| The action of one drug opposes the action of another. 1+1=0 |
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Term
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Definition
| The pH at which the drug will exist in solution as 50% ionized and 50% nonionized. |
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Term
| Oxidation, reduction, and hydrolysis |
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Definition
| Parts included in Phase 1 of drug metabolism. |
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Term
| Conjugation and synthesis. |
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Definition
| Parts of Phase 2 of drug metabolism. |
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Term
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Definition
| From beginning of induction to loss of consciousness. Mild analgesia associated with this stage |
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Term
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Definition
| From loss of consciousness to onset of automatic rhythmicity of vital signs. Response to stimulation is violent and exaggerated. Increased muscle tone, jaw sets, eyelids close, may be breath holding and retching, nystagmus. |
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Term
| Stage 3 (surgical anesthesia) |
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Definition
From end of stage 2 to cessation of respiration.
Plane 1: loss of lash, retching, and vomiting reflexes. BP and pulse normal.
Plane 2: loss of corneal and laryngeal reflexes (can insert ETT). BP and pulse near normal.
Plane 3: beginning hypotension and tachycardia. Diaphragmatic respirations - increased RR and decreased TV.
Plane 4: resp jerky and shallow, BP falling with accelerated pulse, marked pupillary dilation, complete muscle relaxation. |
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Term
| Stage 4 (medullary paralysis) |
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Definition
| From cessation of respiration to death. All reflexes absent. Flaccid paralysis. Marked hypotension with weak, irregular pulse. |
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Term
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Definition
| T/F: it is easier to suppress inhibitory vs excitatory pathways during anesthesia. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Blood/gas partition coefficient of Sevo |
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Term
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Definition
| Oil/gas partition coefficient of sevo |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Blood/gas partition coefficient of Isoflurane |
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Term
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Definition
| Oil/gas partition coefficient of Isoflurane |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Blood/gas partition coefficient of N2O |
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Term
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Definition
| Oil/gas partition coefficient of N2O. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Blood/gas partition coefficient of desflurane |
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Term
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Definition
| Oil/gas partition coefficient of desflurane |
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Term
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Definition
| Minimum alveolar concentration required to achieve surgical anesthesia in 50% of pts exposed to a noxious stimuli. |
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Term
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Definition
| Alveolar concentration of anesthetic that inhibits responses to commands in half the pts. |
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Term
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Definition
| Alveolar concentration of anesthetic that Blunts the Autonomic Response to noxious stimuli. Appx 1.6x higher than MAC. |
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