EMETICS

are drugs used to induced vomiting.

Ammonia, battery acid, chlorine bleach ,lye, toilet clers

don't vomit when you ingested this substances , which are?

rationale:regurgitate meaning bringing the substance from the stomach that can cause additional injury to the esophagus.

the person will be risk for aspiration, so in order to prevent aspiration, you should avoid vomiting.

Example of petroloem subtances are gasoline, kerosene, paint thinner,

and lighter fluid

If someone ingested a petroleum distillates

what would be the effect?

You would use activated charcoal if emesis (vomiting) is contraindicated.

So instead of vomiting, what would you use if you ingested a pteroleum distillates

You wouldn't give ipecac syrup.

It may be appropriate for the client who is alert and if administered within 60 minutes of poisoning.

no

if someone is taking ipecac syrup would you give the pt. milk ?

Anorexia Nervosa

and

Bulimia

this kinda disorder abuse  ipecac, that can leat to cardiomyopathy, ventricular fibrillation, and death

Spicy food, fecal impaction,drug reaction, bacteria, virus, toxins, drug reactions, laxative abuse, malabsorption syndrome caused of digestive enzymes, stress and anxiety,bowel tumor, inflammatory bowel diseases such as colitis or crohn's disease.

What are that causes of diarrhea?

NO

Would you use antidiarrheal for a patient who has a fever?

The pt. will be risk for metabolic acidosis

If a pt. has an imbalnce electrolytes (meaning less electrolytes) in the what would the pt. be risk for?

No way, because dairy substances and fats can cause the pt. to have diarrhea

For a diarrhea pt. Would you give milk or foods rich in fat?

TRAVELER'S DIARRHEA

activated charcloa and

gastric lavage

examples of adsorbwnt

It prevents poisoning and absorption of intestinal gas

What do adsorbents prevent?

imodium

- to slow peristalis and decrease the frequency of defecation, but it can also slow the exit of the organism from the GI tract.

Drugs that use for

Traveler's diarrhea

How would you prevent Traveler's diarrhea?

1. opiate and opiate-related agents

2. Somastatin analogue

3. adsorbents

4. miscellaneous antidiarrheal

OSAMA

OPIATE

Taking opiate can result for constipation.

What is the side effect of opiate?

tincture of opium, paregoric, and codeine

Example of opiates are:

a drug that is an opiate that has less potential for cauding drug dependence than other opiates such as codeine.

Motofen

a drug that is an opiate that activate metabolite of lomotil, but is more potent than lomotil

traveler's diarrhea

or acute diarrhea

Nonspecific and chronic diarrhea

Motofen with atropine is prescribed to treat ?

drug dependency

Prolonged use of these drugs may occur?

a muscle relaxant

Imodium

(Loperamide)

an opiate drug that cause less CNS depression than lomotil and difenoxin (Motofen)

What is imodium for?

absolutely not

If someone has a severe liver problem would you give lomotil to your pt?

No , use liquid form for a chila >2 yr

and product dropper for children <13 y

Would you give a child a lomotil (tablet) ?

in the GI tract

this opiate drug is well absorbed where?

NO

should you lomotil with atropine with patient that glaucoma?

CNS depression

If this drug is taken with alcohol, narcotics, or sedative-hynoptoces what can occur?

Sandostatin

is a somastatin analogue that is prescribed to nihibt gastric acid, pepsinogen, gastrin, CCK,and serotonin secretions and intestinal fluid.

Sandostatin

this drug decreases smooth muscle contractility

Sandostatin

drug that is frequently prescribed for severe diarrhea resulting from metastatic cancer.

ADSORBENTS

kaolin and pectin

note: these agents are combined in kaopectate, a mild or moderate antidiarrheal that can be purchased OTC and used in combination with antidiarrheals.

example of adsorbent antidiarrheal drugs

Parepectolin

Bismuth salts (Pepto-bismol)

drugs that are sonsidered adsorbents because they adsorb bacterial toxins.

-can be used as antacids for gastric discomfort

- commonly used to treat acute diarrhea.

(QUESTRAN)

Colestipol, cholectyramine

are prescription drugs that have been used to treat diarrhea due to excess bile acids in the colon

- not yet approved by FDA

- to control diarrhea.

one of the classification of an antidiarrheal that include thes drugs: Furazolidone,lactobacilus, Parapectolin, and Parepectolin(paregoric, kaolin, pectin, alcohol)

Constipation

accumulation of hard fecal material in the large intestine , and it relatively common complaint and a major problem for older adults.