Term
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Definition
| From opium poppy, contains morphine and codeine (analgesic) |
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Term
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Definition
| Natural or synthetic substance exerts actions on body similar to those induced by morphine and blocked by naloxone |
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Term
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Definition
Full response
Natural: morphine, codeine
Semi-synthetic: heroin
Synthetic: meperidine and methadone |
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Term
| Mixed Agonist/Antagonist Opioids |
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Definition
Pentazocine
Response when alone, but can block part of response to morphine with given with morphine |
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Term
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Definition
Naloxone - reverse opioids overdose, treat dependence
Blocks response to opiates
Administration precipitate withdrawal
Naltrexone - opioid antagonist to treat alcohol dependence |
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Term
| Therapeutic Use of Opioid Drugs |
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Definition
| Relieve severe pain, treatment of diarrhea |
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Term
| Pharmacological Effects of Opioid Agonist |
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Definition
| Analgesia, euphoria, sedation, hypnosis, relief or prevention of cough, respiratory depression, decreased gastrointestinal motility, miosis, nausea, vomiting, drug dependence |
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Term
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Definition
Tolerance
Physical dependence, withdrawal (restlessness, anxiety, insomnia, sweating, fever, chills. increased respiratory rate, retching and vomiting, cramping, diarrhea)
Psychological dependence |
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Term
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Definition
| Premature delivery, low birth weight, infant undergo withdrawal reaction |
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Term
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Definition
Low:
suppression pain and emotional response to it, euphoria, drowsiness, lethargy, relaxation, difficulty concentration, mild anxiety, blurred vision, reduced respiratory rate, nausea and vomiting, constipation, loss of appetite
Higher:
Decrease response to pain, sleep increases, breathing slower and more impaired, heart rate and BP decrease, skin cold and clammy |
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Term
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Definition
| Mood instability, pupillary constriction, constipation, reduced libido, menstrual irregularity, and respiratory impairment |
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Term
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Definition
Low:
suppression pain, euphoria, mental clouding, heightened feelings of well-being, relaxation and drowsiness, decrease respiratory rate, nausea and vomiting, reduced appetite, constipation
Higher:
magnitude response increase, deep sleep, low BP and hear rate, shallow respiration, body temp lowered skin cold and clammy |
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Term
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Definition
| Mood swings, reduced libido, menstrual irregularities, respiratory impairment |
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Term
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Definition
| High neonatal mortality rate, infant premature and low birth rate |
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