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PH 6
Communicable Diseases, Disasters, and Bioterrorism
38
Nursing
Undergraduate 4
11/21/2013

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Cards

Term
Airborne 5
Definition
Measles, chickenpox, TB (pulmonary or laryngeal), pertussis, influenza
Term
Foodborne 4
Definition
salmonellosis, hep A, trichinosis, e. coli (eschericha)
Term
Waterborne 4
Definition
cholera, typhoid fever, bacillary dysentery, giardia lambia
Term
Vector-borne 3
Definition
lyme disesase, rocky mountain spotted fever, malaria
Term
Direct Contant
Definition
sexually transmitted (HIV, gonorrhea, syphilis, herpes and hepatitis BCD)
infectious mono, enterobiasis (pinworms), impetigo, lice, scabies
Term
Active acquired immunity
Definition
production of antibodies by the body in response to infection or immunization with a specific antigen)
Term
Passive acquired immunity
Definition
trasnfer of antibodies to the host either transplacentally from mom to newborn, or thru transfusions of immunoglobulins, plasma proteins, or antitoxins
Term
4 Levels of Disaster Management
Definition
1. Disaster prevention
2. disaster preparedness
3. disaster response
4. disaster recovery
Term
Disaster prevention
Definition
activities to prevent natural/man made disasters - increase surveillance, improve inspections/airport security, strengthen pub health processes
Term
What are determined as part of disaster prevention?
Definition
Community's threats, vulnerabilities, and capabilities + demographics of community members
Term
Disaster prevention also includes ... 2
Definition
Identification and assessment of populations at risk
Term
Disaster Preparedness
Definition
Occurs at national, state, and local levels. Personal + family preparedness included + professional preparedness for ppl in civil service/health care
Term
Individual and family disaster preparedness
Definition
creating action plan and determining alternative methods of communication, high lighting possible evacuation routes, id local + distant meeting places, and creating disaster kit
Term
Disaster preparedness also includes
Definition
Disaster drills that mock possible scenarios
Term
Disaster Response + agencies involved
Definition
Dif agencies (gov and nongov) responsible for different levels of disaster response. Roles = federal emergency management agency (FEMA), CDC, US Dept of Homeland secuirty, american red cross, office of emergency management, pub health system
Term
Disaster management - initial assessment of span of disaster? 4 qs
Definition
1. how many people affected?
2. how many injured or dead?
3. how much fresh water/food available?
4. what are areas of risk or sanitation problems?
Term
disasters classified according to?
Definition
type, level, scope
Term
What is activated if federal emergency declared?
Definition
National Response Framework (NRF) and provides direction for an organized, effective, national response
Term
Disaster Recovery - when does it begin?
Definition
When danger no longer exists and needed representatives and agencies are available to assist with rebuilding
Term
Recovery lasts until?
Definition
economic and civil life of the community are restored, which can be days, weeks, or even years. At individual level - it is the time it takes an individual to become functional within a community after a disaster.
Term
Important aspects of disaster recovery?
Definition
communicable disease and sanitation controls
Term
Phases of emotional reaction during a disaster 4
Definition
heroic, honeymoon, disillusionment, reconstruction
Term
Heroic
Definition
intense excitement and concern for surivial. Often a rush of assistance from outside area is present
Term
Honeymoon
Definition
affected individuals begin to bond and relive their experience
Term
disillusionment
Definition
responders may experience depression and exhaustion. Phase contains unexpected delays in receiving aid
Term
Reconstruction
Definition
involves adjusting to a new reality and continued rebuilding of the area. Counseling is sometimes needed. those affected begin looking ahead.
Term
Category A biological agents
Definition
highest priority agents - posing a risk to national security because they are easily transmitted and have high mortality rates
- smallpox (variola), botulism toxin, anthrax, tularemia, hemorrhagic viral fevers, plague
Term
Category b biological agents
Definition
second highest priority bc moderately easy to disseminate and have high morbidity rates and low mortality rates
ex: typhus, cholera
Term
Category c biological agents
Definition
third highest priority - made of emerging pathogens that can be engineered for mass dissemination bc they are easy to produce, and/or have a potential high morbidity and mortality rates
ex: hantavirus
Term
manifestations of inhaled anthrax
Definition
headache, fever, muscle aches, severe dyspnea, shock
Term
treatment/prevention anthrax inhalation
Definition
IV Cipro prophylactically for exposure or high risk of exposure
-antibiotics dont stop disease progression
Term
Botulism s/s
Definition
Dif swallowing, progressive weakness, n/v, abdominal cramps, diff breathing
Term
Treatment/prevention botulism
Definition
airway management, antitoxin, elimination of toxin, supportive care - nutrition, fluids, prevent complications
Term
Smallpox s/s
Definition
high fever, fatigue, severe headache, rash (begins on face + tongue, quickly spreading to trunk, arms, and legs, then hands and feet) that turns to pus-filled lesions, vomiting
Term
smallpox treatment/prevention
Definition
no cure, supportive care (hydrate, pain meds, antipyretics), prevention - vaccine (provides 10 years of immunity)
Term
Ebola s/s
Definition
fever, hemorrhage, vomiting/diarrhea, cough, jaundice, shock
Term
Ebola treatment/prevention
Definition
No cure, airwa management, dialysis, supportive care
prevent - avoidance of contaminated items/animals
Term
Delivery mechanisms for biological agents
Definition
direct contact - subcutaneous anthrax
simple dispersal devices (airborne, nuclear)
water/food contamination
droplet or blood contact
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