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Petrology Final
igneous and Metamorphic Petrology
17
Geology
Undergraduate 4
12/13/2012

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Term
Metamorphism
Definition
mineralogical and textural change in a rock that occurs in the solid state as a result of chaning pressure and/or temperature conditions (and in the presence of volatiles). may exist with partial melting (migmatite)
Term
Common volatiles
Definition
H2O and CO2 as fluids and/or gas
Term
Migmatite
Definition
metamorphic rock with portions of melt in between
Term
Prograding Metamorphism
Definition
metamorphism over increasing P/T conditions
Term
Retrograde Metamorphism
Definition
reverse metamorphism over decreasing P/T conditions
does not always occur b/c energy is needed to change the chemical arrangement and in decreasing P/T conditions there is usually not enough energy available, even though the minerals are not in equilibrium and would rather change if they could
Term
Limits/Range of Metamorphism
Definition
lower: >100-150 C (just above diagenesis[the formation/lithification of a sed rock])

upper: 600 (felsic) - 800 (mafic) C (just below melting temp)
*this temp range is where migmatites can form as felsic rocks melt butmafic rocks continue to metamorphose
Term
What do volatiles do?
Definition
transport ions more effectively
overcome kinematic barriers
introduce new chemical components
Term
AL-rich protoliths produce?
Definition
meta-pelites, chlorite through al-polymorphs grade, shale through gneiss
Term
Mafic parent rocks produce?
Definition
zeolite (low P/T) through eclogite (high P/T) grade
Term
Ultramafic parent rocks produce?
Definition
serpentinite and then meta-peridotite as the water is driven out
Term
Calcareous parent rocks produce?
Definition
marbles and quartzites
Term
Calcareous parent rocks produce?
Definition
marbles and quartzites
Term
Chemographic diagrams show?
Definition
mineral assemblages at specific P/T
Term
How to plot ternary diagrams
Definition
minerals plot based on chemical components, assemblages connect with tie lines, rock assemblage exits somewhere on a subfield, usually triangular, between minerals
Term
ACF
Definition
A= Al2O3 +Fe3O3 (-Na2O, -K2O, -CaO) [ex k-spar]
C= CaO - 3P2O5 (assumes all P is used in apatite)
F= FeO + MgO + MnO (this groups mafic minerals together (mostly for mud/meta-seds)
Term
AKF
Definition
A= Al2O3 + Fe3o3 (excluding k-spar and calcite)
K= K2O (means the graph cannot represent plag)
F= FeO + MgO + MnO (groups mafic minerals together) mostly for mud/meta-seds
Term
QCA
Definition
Q=SiO2
C=CaO
A=Al2O3
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