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Perspective Theory and Method
Ch.1
34
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
03/07/2011

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Term
SOCIOLOGY
Definition
IS THE SYSTEMATIC STUDY OF HUMAN SOCIETY
Term
SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
Definition
SEEING THE GENERAL IN THE PARTICULAR
Term
SOCIAL INTERGRATION
Definition
CATEGORIES OF PEOPLE WITH STRONG SOCIAL TIES, THAT HAVE LOW SUICIDE RATES AND MORE INDIVIDUALISTIC PEOPLE HAD HIGHS SUICIDE RATES
Term
GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE
Definition
THE STUDY OF THE LARFER WORLD AND OUR SOCIETY'S PLACE IN IT.
Term
HIGH-INCOME COUNTRIES
Definition
NATIONS WITH THE HIGHEST OVERALL STANDARDS OF LIVING. EX. US, JAPAN, SAUDI ARABIA
Term
MIDDLE-INCONME COUNTRIES
Definition
NATIONS WITH A STANDARD OF LIVING ABOUT AVERAGE FOR THE WORLD AS A WHOLE. EX. SOUTH AFRICA, LATIN AMERICA, ASIA
Term
LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
Definition
NATIOS WITH A LOW STANDARD OF LIVING IN WHICH MOST PEOPLE ARE POOR. EX. AFRICA. FEW PEOPLE ARE VERY RICH BUT THE MAJORITY STRUGGLE TO GET BY WITH POOR HOUSING, UNSAFE WATER, TOO LITTLE FOOD AND LITTLE CHANCE TO IMPROVE THEIR LIVES.
Term
POSITIVISM
Definition
A SCIENTIFIC APPROACH TO KNOWLEDGE BASE ON POSITIVE FACTS AS OPPOSED TO MERE SPECULATION
Term
THEORY
Definition
IS A STATEMENT OF HOW AND WHY SPECIFIC FACTS ARE RELATED.
Term
THEORETICAL APPROACH
Definition
AS A BASIC IMAGE OF SOCIETY THAT GUIDES THINKING AND RESEARCH.
Term
STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONAL APPROACH
Definition
FRAMEWORK FOR BUILDING THE THEORY THAT SEES SOCIETY AS A COMPLEX SYSTEM WHOSE PARTS WORK TOGETHER TO PROMOTE SOLIDARITY AND STABILITY.
Term
SOCIAL STRUCTURE
Definition
ANY RELATIVELY STABLE PATTERN OF SOCIAL BEHAVIOR.
Term
SOCIAL FUNCTIONS
Definition
THE CONSEQUENCES OF A SOCIAL PATTERN FOR THE OPERATION OF SOCIETY AS A WHOLE.
Term
MANIFEST FUNCTIONS
Definition
THE RECOGNIZED AND INTENDED CONSEQUENCES OF ANY SOCIAL PATTERN
Term
LATENT FUNCTIONS
Definition
THE UNRECOGNIZED AND UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES OF ANY SOCIAL PATTERN
Term
SOCIAL DYSFUNCTION
Definition
SOCIAL PATTERN THAT MAY DISRUP THE OPERATION OF SOCIETY.
Term
SOCIAL-CONFLICT APPROACH
Definition
IS A FRAMEWORK FOR BUILDING THEORY THAT SEES SOCIETY AS AN ARENA OF INEQUALITY THAT GENERATES CONFLICT AND CHANGE.
Term
GENDER CONFLICT APPROACH
Definition
A POINT OF VIEW THAT FOCUSES ON INEQUALITY AND CONFLICT BETWEEN WOMEN AND MEN.
Term
FEMINISM
Definition
SUPPORT OF SOCIAL EQUALITY FOR WOMEN AND MEN.
Term
RACE-CONFLICT APPROACH
Definition
A POINT OF VIEW THAT FOCUSES ON INEQUALITY AND CONFLICT BETWEEN PEOPLE OF DIFFERENT RACIAL AND ETHNIC CATEGORIES.
Term
MACRO-LEVEL ORIENTATION
Definition
MEANING A BROAD FOCUS ON SOCIAL STRUCTURES THAT SHAPE SOCIETY AS A WHOLE.
Term
MICRO-LEVEL ORIENTATION
Definition
A CLOSE UP FOCUS ON SOCIAL INTERACTION IN SPECIFIC SITUATIONS.
Term
SYMBOLIC INTERACTION APPROACH
Definition
IS A FRAMEWORK FOR BUILDING THEORY THAT SEES SOCIETY AS THE PRODUCT OF EVERYDAY INTERACTIONS OF INDIVIDUALS.
Term
CONCEPT
Definition
A MENTAL CONSTRUCT THAT REPRESENTS SOME ASPECT OF THE WORLD IN A SIMPLIFIED FORM.
Term
VARIABLE
Definition
IS A CONCEPT WHOSE VALUE CHANGES FROM CASE TO CASE
Term
MEASUREMENT
Definition
A PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINING THE VALUE OF A VARIABLE IN A SPECIFIC CASE.
Term
RELIABILITY
Definition
REFERS TO CONSISTENCY IN MEASUREMENT
Term
VALIDITY
Definition
ACTUAL MEASURING EXACTLY WHAT YOU INTEND TO MEASURE
Term
CORRELATION
Definition
RELATIONSHIP IN WHICH TWO OR MORE VARIABLES CHANGE TOGETHER
Term
CAUSE AND EFFECT
Definition
A RELATIONSHIP IN WHICH CHANGE IN ONE VARIABLE CAUSES CHANGE IN ANOTHER.
Term
RESEARCH METHOD
Definition
IS A SYSTEMATIC PLAN FOR DOING RESEARCH
Term
EXPERIMENT
Definition
IS A RESEARCH METHOD FOR INVESTIGATING CAUSE AND EFFECT UNDER HIGHLY CONTROLLED CONDITIONS.
Term
SURVEY
Definition
A RESEARCH METHOD IN WHICH SUBJECTS RESPOND TO A SERIES OF STATEMENTS OR QUESTIONS ON A QUESTIONNAIRE OR IN AN INTERVIEW.
Term
PARTICIPANT OBSERVATION
Definition
IS AN RESEARCH METHOD IN WHICH INVESTIGATORS SYSTEMATICALLY OBSERVE PEOPLE WHILE JOINING THEM IN THEIR ROUTINE ACTIVITIES.
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