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| feelings from patient transfers to clinitian |
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| feelings from clinitian transfers to patient |
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| Most common determinant of personality? |
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| ex. you get in a car accident |
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| ex. an imaginary punshment from an imaginary figure |
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| what clinitians uncover(what the dream really symbolizes) |
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| Critique of Freud (classical pyschoanalysis) |
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Definition
high on generating research
moderate on organizing data, guiding action, and parisomy
very low on falsifiability |
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| Jung's theme on his theory? |
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| Psyche is derived from the greek word...? |
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| what is the driving force behind the psyche? |
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Definition
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| what are the levels of the pysche? |
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Definition
conscious
preconscious
collective unconscious |
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| inherited predisposition to respond to certain aspects of the world. |
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| what are the four types of archetypes? |
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Definition
anima
-female component of male pysche
animus
-male component of female pysche
shadow
-darkest, deepest part of the psyche
self
-attepts to harmoize all others |
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Definition
(extraversion)
forward flow of psyche energy |
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Definition
(introversion)
backward frow of pysche energy |
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Definition
Thinking (rational)
Feelng(rational)
Sensation(irrational)
Intuition(irrational) |
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Definition
moderate on generating research and organizing known data
low on guiding action, internal consistancy, and parsimony
very low on falsifiabilty |
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| what was Jungs focus on his theory? |
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Definition
the unconscious
biological
simiarity of the individual |
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| What was the conficlt with Adler and Freud in their theories? |
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Definition
| Freuds theory was about the conflict of self and others while adler was about the meaning of life, and the importance of harmony |
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power = masculinity
all are weak, desiring strength |
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| where one gender is associated with success of power |
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innate fundamental fact of life
not just masculinity is sought, but perfection and superiority as well
can be motivaltional or a barrier(inferiority complex) |
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Term
| feelings of inferiority equation |
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Definition
| feeligns of inferiority + world view > life goals and final goal > life style |
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Definition
| we live as if somehting is going to happen |
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| According to Adler, what are the three personality types |
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Definition
(unhealthy)
ruling dominant
getting-learning
avoiding
(healthy)
socially useful |
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| what do mistaken lifestyles orignate from? |
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Definition
physical inferiority
pampered
neglected |
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Term
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Definition
Excuses
Distancing
Agression(
depreciation- put others down so you look good
idealization- you put someone so high on a pedalstool
solicitude- you do a deed "out of the kindness of your hear" but you just want to look good and get praised
self accusation- being really hard on yourself (this is the ultimate aggression ex. suicide)
) |
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Term
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Definition
high on generating research, organizing data, guiding action
moderate on simplicity
low on falsifiability, and internal consistency |
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| True of False: Adler's theory was based on humanity |
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Definition
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| What two needs that children cant live without? |
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Definition
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Term
choose:
Basic Evil-->Basic Hostility--> Basic Anxiety
or
Basic Evil->Basic Anxiety--->Basic Hostility |
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Definition
| basic Evil-->Basic Hostility-->Basic Anxiety |
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Definition
attempts to reduce basic anxity
strive for idealized self image (not good) |
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| three neurotic adjustments |
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Definition
moving toward people
moving away from people(distancing themselves)
moving against people (hostile type) |
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Definition
neurotic search for glory and neurotic claims
neurotic claims= telling people lies about what you've accomplished |
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| takes good and bad things and projects it on the other people |
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Term
| what are Horneys theory of psychotherapy goals? |
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Definition
help patients grow to self realization
give up their idealized self-image
relunquish their neurotic search for glory
change self hatred to self acceptance |
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Term
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Definition
| rather than looking at science, focus on the individual |
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Term
| From visiting Frued, Allport concluded what? |
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Definition
| the best way to find out a persons motives is to ask |
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| True or false: allport believes most behavior is conscious |
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Definition
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Term
idiographic method?
who practiced this? |
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Definition
the study of individuals
allport |
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Term
the dynamic(?) organization (?) within the individual of those psychophysical (?) systems that determie (?) his characteristic behavior and thought (?)
who defines personality this way? |
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Definition
constantly changing
structure
mind and body as individual unit
causes you to do things
refers to any behavior
allport |
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| According to Allport what is the structure of personality? |
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one characteristic that affects everything you do
ex. Ghandi= peaceful |
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| things that migth be written about you (letter of rec.) |
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preferences
ex. food, clothes... |
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| what do people do to get over inferiorities |
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Definition
compensate- concentrate on getting better at other features that can make up for your weakness
ex. blind get good at auditory skills
overcompensate- convertering the weaknes into a strength |
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| true or false: feeligns of inferiority are the primary motivation behind all personel accomplishments? |
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Definition
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| yes. person can become overwhelmed. and it becomes a barrier instead of a stimulus |
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| who do you become if you have a negative world view? |
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Definition
| ruthless businessman, lawyer, politician, criminal |
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| who do you become if you have a positive world view? |
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Definition
| loving parent, teacher, social worker, artist |
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| what three major problems must humans solve in lofe? |
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Definition
ocupational tasks
societal tasks
love and marriage tasks |
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Term
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Definition
| past motives arent related to present motives (the reasons why we engage in something are not the same reasons that originally caused us to engage in it |
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| requirements for theory of motivation |
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Definition
mst recognize the nature or motives
allow existence of several motives
recognize importance of cognitive processes
recognize each person is unique |
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Definition
unhealthy
"my church is better than yours" |
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Definition
healthy
encourages identification with all of humanity |
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Term
| Who was a phenomenoligist and what does it mean? |
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Definition
George Kelly.
tone who studies intact, conscious experiences |
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Term
| true or false: kelly was interested in how thought processes were used while interacting with the environment |
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Definition
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Term
| what is Kelly's theory labeled as? |
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| cognitive because it stresses how people view and think about reality |
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empahsizing the present and the future than than the past. (humans are free to choose their own destiny)
Kelly's theory |
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stresses the human capacity for improvement
kelly |
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| what 3 theory types can Kelly's theory be defined as? |
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Definition
Cognitve
Existential
HUmanistic |
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| True or false: Kelly thought that his theory was too fluid to be pinned down by verbal labels? |
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Definition
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| according to Kelly, all humans are like what? |
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Definition
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| idea/ thought one uses to explain/ predict experiences |
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| According to Kelly, wht does the personality consist of? |
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Definition
| a collection of constructs |
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Term
| constructive alternativism |
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Definition
| one is free to choose from a number of construct systems |
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| you are free to choose your own construct, but they control you once they have been chosen? is this true or false |
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Definition
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| true or false: Kelly and Vaihinger believed that subjective reality was a more important determinant of behavior than objective reality. Adler didnt believe this. |
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| false: all three of them believed this! |
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Term
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| says constructs are formed on the basis of recurring themes in ones experience. ex- the tree will be in the same place tomorrow, its always colder in the winter... |
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| which corolary is the essense of kellys theory? |
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Definition
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| each person is unique in his manner of construing experiences |
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| constructs are organized in heirarcy form of superordiante construct( ex survival) to subprdiante constructs (ex. businesslike) |
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Definition
each construct has a pole.
ex. one pole of a construct describes beautiful things while the other pole may descrie ugly things |
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| people will choose a construct that will either further define or extend their construct system. |
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Term
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| experience alone is not the best teacher, but the acive construing of eperience is |
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| a construct system is more likely to change if constructs are permeable |
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Term
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Definition
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| true or false: a person with several permeable constructs will be in a better position to extend ones construct system than a person who has impermeable constructs. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| as a construct system is being tested/revised, inconsistencies in behavior may result |
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| to ingage in social interaction with another, on emust understand that person construes their experiences. only then can one play a role in the persons life |
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Term
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Definition
series of activities engaged in by a person confronted with a novel situation.
(Circumspection,Preemption,Control)
ex. youre in a car accident
1. ponder several constructs ..its my fault-his fault, injury-no injury, damage-no damage,etc.. (circumspection phase)
2. choose from the constructs pondered. you choose the my fault construct (preemtion phase)
3. choose the pole of the chosen construct. i give the driver my insurance info, apologize, etc (control phase) |
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Term
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Definition
seeking innovative solutions to problems.
(three stages: loosened, Tightened, and test phase)
1.allows for cognitive experimentation. loosining of ones construct ex. a teacher can be thought of as a paintbrush (loosened construction phase0
2. retightening construct after ithas been changed (tightened construction phase
3. testing new construct and retaining it if its useful, if not discard it. (test phase) |
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Term
| push theories of motivation |
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Definition
theories that emphasize terms such as drive, motive, stimulus. aka pitch fork theories.
(Freud, Skinner, Miller theories) |
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| jackass theory of motivation |
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Definition
motivation is inherent to human nature
kelly's theory |
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Term
| true or false: anxiety is experience when ones prediction sare incorrect? |
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Definition
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| hostility according to kelly? |
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Definition
| when one refuses to accept the fact that their construct system has failed and demand validation from the environment |
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Term
| Agression according to kelly |
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Definition
| effort to expand ones construct system so its capable of assimilating a greater range or experiences |
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Term
| true or false: aggressive people want to extend their construct system rahter than define it according to kelly |
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Definition
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| true or false: to challange our core constructs is to challenge our very existence and that can be dangerous |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| when an unimportant construct is invalidated |
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Term
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Definition
| when one pole of a construct is used but the other tends not to be |
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Definition
| results when a construct successfully predicts an experience |
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Definition
| the driving force in everyones life that causes us to become more complex, independent, and socially resposible. |
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Term
| experiences that are in accordance with our actualizing tendency are satisfying, then maintained. those experiences that are unsatisfying are avoided and terminated. what helps you distinguish between satisfying and unsatisfying experiences? |
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Definition
| Organismic Valuing Process (OVP) |
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Term
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Definition
| the portion of experiences which the person is aware of. its the subjective reality that directs a persons behavior |
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Term
| what is the only way to not interfere with childesns actualizing tendencies? |
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Definition
| give them unconditional positive regard |
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Term
| what happens if a childs actualizign tendency is interfered with? |
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Definition
they create conditions of worth (condition suder which an incongruent person will experience psoitive regard)
this is not good |
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Term
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Definition
| when people no longer use their OVP as a means of determining if their experiences are in accordance with their actualizing tendency. |
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| what are the necessary conditions for an effective therapy accordign to Rogers? |
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Definition
1. therapist must be in a state of congruency
2. therapist must give client unconditional positive regard
3. therapist must seek empathic listening
4.client must feel the uncondition positive regard the therapist is giving |
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Term
| according to rogers, therapy is designedd to do what |
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Definition
| eliminate incongruity between experience and the self. |
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Term
| when the person is living in accordance of the OVP instead of the conditions of worth, the defenses of denial are longer necessary and the person is referred to as ...? |
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Definition
| a fully functioning person |
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Term
Q-sort technique?
what does it do? |
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Definition
method Roers used to determine how a clients self-image changed as a function of therapy
it assumes the client can describe themselves accurately (real self) it assumes a person can describe what they want to be (ideal self) the q-sort then examines the relationship between the two selves |
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Term
| who was the first therapist to measure the effectiveness/ineffectiveness of thereapy and with what? |
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Definition
| Carl Rogers with the Q-Sort technique |
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Term
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Definition
| The personal unconscious contains clusters of emotionally loaded thoughts which Jung called |
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Definition
| A process of integrating the diverse systems of the self toward the goal of wholeness and identification with all humanity. |
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Definition
| Therapist forces client to act like someone else to gain new constructs. |
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Term
| who is a radical behaviorist and what does that mean? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
the outcome of what happens when the client meets conditions in therapy of expressing true feelings, detecting incongruence, and abandoning conditions or worth.
they are now able to live in the moment, are open to new experiences, have good relationships with others... |
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