Term
| What are personality disorders characterized by? |
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Definition
-chronic interpersonal difficulties
-problems with one's identity or sense of self |
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Term
| What are the difficulties in diagnosing personality disorders? |
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Definition
-diagnostic criteria not as sharply defined as for other axis 1 categories
-diagnostic categories are not mutually exclusive
-personality characteristicss are dimensional in nature |
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Term
| What personality traits are extreme in Histrionic personality disorder? |
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Definition
| high extraversion and high neuroticism |
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Term
| What personality traits are extreme in dependent personality disorder? |
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Definition
| high agreeableness and high neuroticism |
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Term
| what personality traits are extreme in obsessive compulsive personality disorder? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are cluster A personality disorders characterized by? |
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Definition
| odd or eccentric behaviors |
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Term
| Paranoid personality disorder |
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Definition
-suspicious; reluctant to confide in others
-expects to be mistreated/exploited; vigilant for hints of abuse
-blames others when things go wrong
-questions loyalty
-no hallucinations or full blown delusions |
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Term
| Schizoid personality disorder |
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Definition
-avoids close interpersonal relationships; few close friends; aloof and distant
-loner; likes solitary activities
-little interest in sex
-experiences anhedonia |
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Term
| Schizotypal personality disorder |
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Definition
-interpersonal difficulties similar to schizoid
-odd beliefs or magical thinking
-illusions - feels the presence of a force or person not present
-odd/eccentric behavior or appearance |
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Term
| What are the causal factors for schizotypal personality disorder? |
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Definition
| genetic abnormalities similar to schizophrenia |
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Term
| What characterized cluster B personality disorders? |
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Definition
| dramatic, emotional, or erratic behavior |
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Term
| Histrionic personality disorder |
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Definition
overly dramatic; attention seeking
-angry outbursts if attempts to gain attention are unsuccessful
-emotionally shallow
-overly concerned with physical attractiveness
-often sexually provocative and seductive |
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Term
| Narcissistic personality disorder |
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Definition
-grandiosity
-preoccupation with recieving attention
-self-promoting
-sensitive to criticism
-lack of empathy |
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Term
| What is Kohut's self-psychology model for narcissistic personality disorder? |
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Definition
-characteristics mask low self-esteem
-childhood involved cold/self-centered parents, overemphasize child's achievement |
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Term
| what is the social cognitive model for narcissistic personality disorder? |
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Definition
-sense of self depends on "winning"
-interpersonal relationships used to increase self esteem rather than connect with others |
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Term
| antisocial personality disorder |
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Definition
-lack of moral or ethical development
-inability to follow approved models of behavior
-deceitfulness
-shameless manipulation of others
-history of conduct problems before age 15
-often comorbid with substance abuse |
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Term
| Borderline personality disorder |
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Definition
-emotional instability: impulsiveness, anger control problems, drastic shifts in mood, chronic feelings of emptiness/boredom
-unstable interpersonal relationships - frantic efforts to avoid abandonment
-unstable sense of self
-attempts of self-mutilation or suicide
-transient psychosis or dissociation |
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Term
| What characterizes cluster C personality disorders? |
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Definition
| anxious and fearful behavior |
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Term
| avoidant personality disorder |
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Definition
-hypersensitivity to rejection or social derogation
-shyness
-insecurity in social itneraction and initiating relationships |
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Term
| What is a causal factor in avoidant personality disorder? |
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Definition
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Term
| Dependent personality disorder |
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Definition
-difficulty in separating relationships
-discomfort at being alone
-subordination of needs in order to keeps others involved in a relationship
-indecisiveness |
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Term
| obsessive compulsive personality disorder |
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Definition
-excessive concern with order, rules, and trivial details
-perfectionism
-lack of expressiveness and warmth
-difficulty in relaxing and having fun |
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Term
| Passive Agressive (provisional) |
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Definition
| -negativistic attitudes and passive resistance to adequate performance expressed through indirect means such as complaining, being sullen and argumentative, expressing envy and resentment toward those who are more fortunate |
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Term
| depressive personality disorder (provisional) |
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Definition
| pervasive depressive cognitions: persistent unhappiness or dejection; feeling of inadequacy, guilt and self-criticism |
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