Term
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Definition
| All the ways we have of acting, thinking, believing, and feeling that make us unique |
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Term
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Definition
| a long-standing pattern of maladaptive behaviors, thoughts, and feelings. to be diagnosed with a personality disorder an adult must have shown these symptoms since adolescence or early adulthood |
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Term
| personality disorders: axis I or axis II? |
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Definition
| personality disorders are on axis II of the diagnostic system because they are lifelong disorders that pervade every area of the person's life |
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Term
| personality disorders: axis I or axis II? |
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Definition
| personality disorders are on axis II of the diagnostic system because they are lifelong disorders that pervade every area of the person's life |
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Term
| cluster A personality disorders |
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Definition
| odd-eccentric personailty disorders. people with these disorders have symptoms similar to those of people with schisophrenia including inappropriate or flat affect, odd thought and speech patterns, and paranoia. the difference is people with these disorders maintain their grasp on reality. Includes paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal personality disorders |
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Term
| cluster B personality disorders |
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Definition
| dramatic-emotional personality disorders. people with these disorders tend to be manipulative, volatile, and uncaring in social relationshps. they are prone to impulsive, sometimes violent behaviors that show litle regard for their own safety or the safety or needs of others. includes andisocial, histrionic, borderline, and narcissistic personality disorders. |
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Term
| cluster C personality disorders |
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Definition
| anxious-fearful personality disorders. people with these disorders are extremely concerned about being creiticized or abandoned by others and, thus have dysfunctional relationships with others. includes dependent, avoidant, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders. |
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Term
| problems with DSM-IV-TR criteria |
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Definition
| most of these personality disorders are extreme versions of normal personality traits |
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Term
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Definition
| diagnoses of histrionic, dependent, and borderline personalities sound like extreme versions of negative steryotypes of women's behaviors so those diagnoses are more likely to be given to women. the same goes for men when it comes to antisocial, paranoid, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder |
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Term
| paranoid personality disorder |
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Definition
| chronic and pervasive mistrust and suspicion of other people that is unwarranted and maladaptive. believe others are chronically trying to decieve them and are preoccupied with concerns about the loyalty and trustworthiness of others |
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Term
| theories of paranoid personality disorder |
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Definition
| more common in families of people with schizophrenia which suggests it may be part of the schizophrenic spectrum of disorders |
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Term
| treatment of people with paranoid personality disorder |
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Definition
| therapists must be calm, respectufl, and extremely straightforward in order to gain the trust of people with paranoid personality disorder. therapist must be highly professional at all times, not attempting a warm and personable relationship which the patient might misinterpret |
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Term
| schizoid personality disorder |
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Definition
| chronic lack of interest in and avoidance of interpersonal relationships, emotional coldness toward others. have no desire to form relationships. other people describe them as aloof, reclusive, and detached or as dull, uninteresting, and humorless. view relationships as unrewarding, messy, and intrusive |
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Term
| treatment for schizoid personality disorder |
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Definition
| psychosocial tretment focuses on increasing the person's social skills, social contacts, and awareness of his or her own feelings. some therapists recommend group therapy because in the context of the group membes can model interpersonal relationships and the person with schizoid personality disorder can model new social skills |
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Term
| schizotypal personality disorder |
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Definition
| chronic pattern of inhibited or inappropriate emotion and social behavior, aberrant cognitions, disorganized speech. strong relationship with schizophrenia- considered a mild version of it. |
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Term
| theories of schizotypal personality disorder |
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Definition
| transmitted genetically. people with schizotypal personality show a dysregulation of dopamine in the brain, like schizophrenia |
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Term
| treatment for schizotypal personality |
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Definition
| treated with the same drugs that are used to treat schizophrenia including neuroleptics, and atypical antipsychotics. some psychotherapies have been developed to help people with schizotypal personalities overcome their symptoms |
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Term
| antisocial personality disorder |
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Definition
| pervasive pattern of criminal, impulsive, callous, or ruthless behavior. disregard for the rights of others, no respect for social norms. |
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Term
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Definition
| set of broad personality traits including superficial charm, a grandiose sense of self-worth, a tendency toward boredom and need for stimulation, pathological lying, an ability to be conning and manipulative, and a lack of remorse |
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Term
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Definition
| set of broad personality traits including superficial charm, a grandiose sense of self-worth, a tendency toward boredom and need for stimulation, pathological lying, an ability to be conning and manipulative, and a lack of remorse |
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Term
| possible causes of antisocial perosnality disorder |
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Definition
| genetic predisposition, high levels of testosterone (causing aggression), low levels of seratonin(reduce impulse control), ADHD, defecits in parts of the brain involved in planned behavior and self-monitorint (aka executive functions), low levels of arousability leading to fearlessness, harsh and neglectful parents |
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Term
| treatment for antisocial personality disorder |
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Definition
| people with antisocial personality do not think they need treatment and only submit to therapy when forced. Clinicians try to improve their empathy for others through psychotherapy. they also try and help them gain control over their anger and impulsive behaviors by developing new coping strategies. litium and atypical antipsychotics also help. |
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