Term
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Definition
| the scientific study or food and its physiological functions |
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Term
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Definition
| the food you regularly consume |
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Term
| Define essential nutrients: |
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Definition
| nutrients you must obtain from food or supplements because your body either cannot produce them or cannot make them in sufficient quantities to maintain health |
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Term
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Definition
| a unit of measure that indicates the amount of energy that food provides, specifically, the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius |
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Term
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Definition
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| Of the fuel nutrients, which one should be the primary source of calories? |
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Definition
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| For the average person, which fuel nutrient which one should be the lowest source of calories? |
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Definition
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| How many calories per gram for protein, carbs and fats? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are high density foods? |
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Definition
| few or moderate calories but packed with nutrients |
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Term
| What are low density foods? |
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Definition
| a lot of calories but few nutrients |
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Term
| What are examples of high nutrient density foods? |
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Definition
| chicken, fish, fruits, veggies |
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Term
| What are some examples of low nutrient density foods? |
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Definition
| junk food/processed foods |
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Term
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Definition
| a macronutrient that is the body's universal energy source, supplying sugar to all body cells (58%) |
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Term
| Define simple carbohydrates: |
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Definition
(10-15%) are sugars, examples:
glucose- natural sugar found in food
fructose-fruit sugar
galactose-milk sugar from mammary glands
sources: candy, desserts, pop/soda, fruit and honey |
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Term
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Definition
(43-48%) includes
starch-grains, seeds, corn, nuts, roots, legumes
dextrin-when large starch molecules are exposed to heat bread and cold cereals |
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Term
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Definition
| a type of complex carbohydrate which binds to water and allows food residue to pass through intestines more quickly |
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Term
| What does increased fiber cause: |
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Definition
1. move food through intestinal tract more quickly
2. lower risk for colon cancer
3. lower risk for coronary heart disease
4. decrease constipation
5. decrease risk or relieve diverticulitis
6. decrease risk or relieve hemorrhoids |
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Term
| If you increase your fiber intake you should also increase what? |
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Definition
| the amount of water you drink |
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Term
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Definition
| is a macronutrient that helps build many body parts, including muscle, bone, skin and blood; key components of enzymes, hormones, transport proteins and antibodies |
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Term
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Definition
| the building block of protein; 20 common amino acids are found in food |
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Term
| Define a complete protein: |
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Definition
| supplies all nine essential amino acids in adequate amounts |
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Term
| Define an incomplete protein: |
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Definition
| are lacking one or more of the essential amino acids. |
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Term
| What is excess protein turned into: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a major source of energy that helps the body absorb fat-soluble vitamins, cushions and insulates organs and adds flavor and tenderness to foods |
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Term
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Definition
| fats that typically are solid at room temperature; generally found in animal products, dairy products and tropical oils |
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Term
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Definition
| fats that are typically are liquid at room temperature; generally come form plant sources |
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Term
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Definition
| used by the human body as energy, consumed in the food we eat |
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Term
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Definition
| stored on the body adipose, potential source of energy |
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Term
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Definition
| its where you store fat in your body via adipose tissue |
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Term
| Define essential fat (brown): |
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Definition
| needed for normal physiological functions |
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Term
| What are the 3 proven ways to achieve a level or decreased set point? |
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Definition
| aerobic exercise, diet high in complex carbohydrates and increase your muscle mass or LMB |
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Term
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Definition
| a person's perceptions, feelings and critiques of his or her own body |
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Term
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Definition
| extreme dissatisfaction with body, excessive concern with appearance, everything is a flaw |
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Term
| What characteristics/personality traits are associated with eating disorders? |
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Definition
| sensitivity to what others think and say, puts others' needs first, difficulty expressing and dealing w/ emotions, family dysfunction, has parents that have unrealistic goals, high rates of anxiety or depression |
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Term
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Definition
| an eating disorder characterized by extremely low body weight, body image distortion, severe calorie restriction and an obsessive fear of gaining weight |
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Term
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Definition
| an eating disorder characterized by episodes of binge eating followed by a purge behavior such as vomiting, laxative abuse or extreme exercise |
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Term
| Define anorexia Athletica: |
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Definition
| compulsive exercising, repeated exercise beyond requirements for good health, fanatical about weight and diet etc. |
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Term
| Define Muscle Dysmorphic Disorder: |
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Definition
| extreme dissatisfaction with body, excessive concern with appearance |
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Term
| Define orthorrexia nervosa: |
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Definition
| person feels superior to others who do not eat properly |
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Term
| Define Rumination syndrome: |
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Definition
| person who eats, swallows and then regurgitates food back into their mouth and food is then chewed and swallowed again |
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Term
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Definition
| person who craves non-food items such as dirt, clay, plaster, chalk, paint chips |
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Term
| What is the long term impact of anorexia? |
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Definition
| medical complications (cardio, gastrointestinal, endocrine, amenorrhea), body fat is depleted and turn to own muscles and organs for protein, death |
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Term
| What is the longer term impact of bulimia? |
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Definition
| eroding of tooth enamel by stomach acid, kidney and liver damage, cardiac arrhythmia, damage to esophagus |
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