Term
| Permanent Waving consists of two steps: |
|
Definition
| The hair undergoes a chemical change by wrapping the hair on perm rods, and a chemical change caused by the application of permanent waving solution and neutralizer. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A wet set on perm rods; hydrogen bonds are broken |
|
|
Term
| Difference between perm wrap and permanent waving? |
|
Definition
| Perm wrap breaks hydrogen bonds, permanent waving breaks the stronger more resistant disulfide bonds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one end paper is placed under and another is placed over the strand of hair |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one end paper is placed over the top of the hair being wrapped |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one end paper folded in half over the hair ends like an envelope |
|
|
Term
| End papers or end wraps must extend beyond the ends of hair to |
|
Definition
| keep them smooth and straight and prevent fishhooks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| evenly distributed along the width of the roller |
|
|
Term
| For permanent waving, hair should be divided into how many sections? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is the size of the base section determined? |
|
Definition
| By the legnth and width of the rod |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Subsections of panels into which the hair is divided |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The position of the rod in relation to its base section |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the hair is wrapped at a 45-degree angle beyond perpendicular to its base, and the rod is positioned on its base |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| wrapped at a 90 degree angle or perpendicular to its base section, and positioned half off its base section |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hair is wrapped at 45 degrees below the center of the base section |
|
|
Term
| What benefit is there to wrapping with the natural direction of hair growth |
|
Definition
| Causes the least amount of stress to the hair |
|
|
Term
| Consequences of wrapping against the natural growth pattern? |
|
Definition
| Can cause breakage at the base of the curl and produce a band mark |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of the alkaline solution in permanent waving? |
|
Definition
| to soften and swell the hair and open the cuticle, permitting the solution to penetrate the cortex |
|
|
Term
| What are the two basic methods of wrapping? |
|
Definition
| Croquignole and spiral wrap |
|
|
Term
| What is double-rod or piggyback wrap? |
|
Definition
| A method of wrapping where hair is wrapped on one rod from the scalp to midway down the hair shaft, and another is used to wrap the remaining hair in the same direction. |
|
|
Term
| What is the croquignole method? |
|
Definition
| The hair is wrapped from ends to the scalp in concentric circles, resulting in increased diameter with each new overlapping layer |
|
|
Term
| What is the spiral perm wrap? |
|
Definition
| The hair is wrapped at an angle other than perpendicular to the legnth of the rod, which causes the hair to spiral, like the stripes on a candy cane. The diameter remains constant. |
|
|
Term
| What chemical reaction occurs when the waving solution breaks the disulfide bonds? |
|
Definition
| Reduction reaction; the addition of hydrogen |
|
|
Term
| What reducing agent is used commonly used in permanent waving solutions? |
|
Definition
| Thio or thioglycolic acid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What level pH is considered neutral? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What level pH is considered acidic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What level pH is considered alkaline? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the natural pH level of hair? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cold waves are also known as... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cold waves have what level pH? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What reducing agent is used in the cold wave solution? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do cold waves process at room temperature or with an outside heat source? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does overprocessed hair appear straight, curly at top, and/or curly at the bottom? |
|
Definition
| Either straight, or curly at the roots; because since hair is stronger at the scalp, the solution takes, but since hair is weaker at the ends it won't hold the curl |
|
|
Term
| Does underprocessed hair appear straight, curly at the top, and/or curly at the roots? |
|
Definition
| Either straight or curly at the ends; because hair is more weak at the ends, hair processes effectively, takes little to no effect at the stronger roots |
|
|
Term
| What does thio neutralization do? |
|
Definition
| It stops the actipn of the waving solution and rebuilds the hair into its new curly form |
|
|
Term
| What is the first step in thio neutralization? |
|
Definition
| Deactivation of any waving solution that remains in the hair after processing and rinsing |
|
|
Term
| What is the minimun amount of time you should spend rinsing perm solution from the hair? |
|
Definition
| Five minutes; always smell the hair and if you still smell solution continue to rinse |
|
|
