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Periodic Trends
Periodic Trends
38
Science
11th Grade
02/23/2015

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Term
Dmitry Mendeleev
Definition
Classified elements according to their atomic mass.
Term
Inert
Definition
Nonreactive
Term
Henry Moseley
Definition
Arranged the periodic table according to atomic number.
Term
Periodic Law
Definition

When elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, there is a periodic pattern in their chemical and physical properties. 

Term
Electron Configuration
Definition
The arrangement of electrons according to energy.
Term
Vertical columns
Definition
Group or Family
Term
Horizontally in the periodic table
Definition
Row or period
Term
orbitals
Definition
s, p, d, f
Term
valence
Definition
Electrons which participate in chemical reactions.
Term
Metals
Definition
Conduct heat and electricity
Term
Nonmetals
Definition
Insulators
Term
Alkali Metals
Definition
Have one valence electron and highly reactive.
Term
Alkaline Earth Metal
Definition
Have two valence electrons
Term
Actinide series
Definition
Inner transition which are radioactive
Term
Lathanoids
Definition
Inner transitions which are shiny metals that are considered rare earth metals.
Term
Transition Metals
Definition
Groups 4-12
Term
Noble gases
Definition
Contain complete valence energy level
Term
Metalloids
Definition
Contain properties of both metals and nonmetals.
Term
Ionic compounds
Definition
Bond between metals and nonmetals forming salts or oxides.
Term
cation
Definition
positively charged
Term
anion
Definition
negatively charged
Term
positive ion
Definition
resulting from the loss of electrons
Term
negative ion
Definition
resulting from the gain of electrons
Term
covalent compounds
Definition
Bond between nonmetals
Term
Ionization energy
Definition
The amount of energy needed to remove an electron from the valence electrons.
Term
Electronegativity
Definition
A measure of how tightly an atom holds onto its valence electrons.
Term
Nuclear Charge
Definition
The attractive force between the positive protons in the nucleus and the negative elctrons in the energy levels.
Term
Nuclear Shielding
Definition
A measure of the energy levels between the valence electrons and the nucleus.
Term
Representative Elements
Definition
Main group elements
Term
Elements in groups 1,2,13-18
Definition
Representative
Term
Malleable
Definition
Being able to be pounded into sheets
Term
Ductile
Definition
Property of metals being drawn into wire
Term
Octet Rule
Definition
Atoms tend to gain, lose or share elctrons to acquire a full valence shell.
Term
ion
Definition
Atom or bonded group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge.
Term
d-block
Definition
Elements in groups 4-12
Term
f-block
Definition
Lanthanide and actinide series
Term
p-block
Definition
Family 13-18
Term
s-block
Definition
Alkali and alkaline earth metals,hydrogen and helium
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