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| orbitals that contain the outershell electrons of an atom |
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| the net positive charge experienced by an electron in a many-electron atom; this charge is not the full nuclear charge because there is some shielding of the nucleus by the other electrons in the atom |
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| the radius of an atom as defined by the distances separating it from other atoms to which it is chemically bonded |
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| the energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom when the atom is in its ground state |
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| the energy change that occurs when an electron is added to a gaseous atom or ion |
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| the extent to which an element exhibits the physical and chemical properties characteristic of metals |
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| members of group 1A in the periodic table |
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| members of the group 2A in the periodic table |
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| an ion formed by the addiction of an electron to a hydrogen atom |
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| the name given to the O3 an allotrope of oxygen |
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| members of group 7A in the periodic table |
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| members of group 8A in the periodic table |
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