Term
| Clinical practice is the application of the basic sciences in alleviating the needs of patients by means of ___, ___, ___, and___. (4 steps) |
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Definition
| Evaluation, Diagnosis, Treatment planning, Treatment |
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Term
| (Definition): The tissues surrounding and supporting the tooth |
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Definition
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Term
| The Periodontium is made up of the ____ and the _____ |
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Definition
| Gingival unit, Attachment apparatus |
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Term
| The gingival unit includes the ____ and the ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| Which 3 tissues make up the attachment apparatus? |
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Definition
| Alveolar bone proper, periodontal ligament, cementum |
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Term
| Which tissue of the attachment apparatus has "dual citizenship," in that it is also one of the tissues of the tooth? |
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Definition
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Term
| Gingiva v. Mucosa: Location |
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Definition
Gingiva - Keratinized gingiva, Hard palate, Dorsum tongue
Mucosa - Alveolar mucosa, Buccal labial mucosa, Sublingual, Soft palate |
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Term
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Definition
Gingiva - Coral pink; melanotic in some
Mucosa - Bright red; melanotic in some |
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Term
| Gingiva v. Mucosa: Thickness |
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Definition
Gingiva - thick
Mucosa - thin |
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Term
| Gingiva v. Mucosa: Rigidity |
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Definition
Gingiva - Tightly bound down
Mucosa - Very movable and elastic |
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Term
| Gingiva v. Mucosa: Types of fibers |
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Definition
Gingiva - Mostly collagenous; elastic fibers only around BV
Mucosa - Many elastic, some collagenous |
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Term
| Gingiva v. Mucosa: Keratinized? |
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Definition
Gingiva - Keratinized
Mucosa - Non-keratinized |
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Term
| Gingiva v. Mucosa: Rete Pegs? |
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Definition
Gingiva - Present
Mucosa - Not present |
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Term
| Gingiva v. Mucosa: Surface texture |
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Definition
Gingiva - May be stippled
Mucosa - Smooth |
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Term
| (Definition): Extensions of epithelial tissue DOWN into connective tissue. Contribute to stippled surface of gingiva |
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Definition
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Term
| (Definition): Extensions of epithelial tissue UP into connective tissue. Contribute to stippled surface of gingiva |
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Definition
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Term
| (Definition): The space between the lips/cheeks and the teeth |
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Definition
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Term
| Term for the area in which the alveolar mucosa turns to form the buccal and labial mucosa lining the cheeks and lips. |
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Definition
| Vestibular fornix (arch or fold) aka mucobuccal fold |
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Term
| junction that separates attached gingiva from alveolar mucosa |
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Definition
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Term
| type of gingiva that lines periodontal sulcus |
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Definition
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Term
| coronal edge of the (marginal) gingiva |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe a healthy gingival margin (shape, adhesion to tooth, etc.) |
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Definition
| Thin or knife shaped, snugly adapted to the cervix of the tooth, scalloped in a mesiodistal profile |
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Term
| Portion of the gingiva at the neck of the tooth that is not directly attached to the tooth - retractable by air blast or instrument pull |
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Definition
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Term
| Free gingiva is separated from the tooth by the ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| pathological term for enlarged/diseased gingival sulcus |
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Definition
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Term
| Outer surface of free gingiva is __________(keratinized/non-keratinized) while the inner surface (lining the sulcus) is ________ (keratinized/non-keratinized) |
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Definition
outer surface - keratinized
inner surface - non-keratinized |
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Term
| The gingival sulcus is bounded by ____ and ____ on the sides and _____ at the base. |
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Definition
| Tooth surface on one side and free or marginal gingiva on the other. Junctional epithelium lines the base (bottom) and aids gingival fibers in attaching the gingiva to the tooth |
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Term
| The gingival sulcus is unique/important clinically because…? |
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Definition
It is a sheltered niche for the colonization and growth of bacteria.
The non-keratinized epithelium is more vulnerable to penetration of bacterial toxins
It is the first point of attack and first line of defense in the battle between bacteria and the periodontium's defense. |
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Term
| What is the defense mechanism in the sulcus? |
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Definition
| Vessels and cells in the sulcus wall and a counter flow of gingival crevicular fluid from the sulcus to try to push bacteria out. |
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Term
| A shallow linear depression or groove on the surface that divides free gingiva from the more apical attached gingiva. Roughly corresponds to the bottom of the gingival sulcus |
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Definition
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Term
| Free gingival groove is present in about ___% of people |
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Definition
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Term
| Keratinized epithelium from the gingival margin to the mucogingival junction |
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Definition
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Term
| (Definition): All of the keratinized gingiva apical to the bottom of the sulcus |
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Definition
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Term
| Attached gingiva is anchored to the enamel &/or cementum by ___________ and more apically to cementum and bone by ___________ of the gingiva connective tissue |
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Definition
| junctional epithelium; tough collagen fibers |
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Term
| Formula for the width of the attached gingiva |
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Definition
Width of Keratinized Gingiva minus Depth of sulcus
KG - SD |
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Term
| Increased amounts of keratinized gingiva and attached gingiva are associated with a decreased likelihood of ____? |
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Definition
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Term
| Wavy region that separates the attached gingiva from the more apical alveolar mucosa |
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Definition
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Term
| The mucogingival junction is present only on the facial aspects of the (maxilla/mandible)? Why? |
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Definition
| maxilla; The palate has no alveolar mucosa and lining mucosa and thus no mucogingival junction |
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Term
| Part of the lining mucosa that extends apically from the mucogingival junction to cover or line the part of the alveolar process apically to the gingiva |
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Definition
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Term
| from apical aspects of the alveolar process, alveolar mucosal-type tissue extends on and reflects as lining mucosa to line which 5 oral structures? |
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Definition
| lips, cheeks, floor of mouth, soft palate, and ventral surface of tongue |
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Term
| Portion of gingiva filling the space between the proximal surfaces of adjacent teeth |
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Definition
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Term
| What determines shape of interdental papilla? Will interdental papilla be present in the area of a diastema? |
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Definition
- configuration of the proximal surfaces and the location and sizes of the tooth-to-tooth contact areas determine sizes and shapes of papillae.
- Where there is a space between adjacent teeth (diastema), the papilla may be absent |
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Term
| Papilla of anterior teeth is _____ shaped |
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Definition
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Term
| Papilla of posterior teeth (due to wider and more apical contacts) have a ____, or valley-like depression between its buccal and lingual aspects |
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Definition
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Term
| vertical groove found in some interdental areas |
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Definition
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Term
| interdental groove may extend from the gingival papilla area into the ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| interdental grooves are more likely found in the ____ teeth (anterior/posterior) |
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Definition
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Term
| On facial aspects, the alveolar mucosa at the vestibular fornix reflects as the buccal and labial ____ _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| On lingual aspects the alveolar mucosa continues as the ____ ____ of the floor of the mouth and the sublingual surface |
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Definition
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Term
| The hard palate has no ____ (tissue type) or _____ (junction) because the palatal keratinized attached gingiva merges imperceptibly with the keratinized masticatory mucosa of the hard palate |
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Definition
| alveolar mucosa; mucogingival junction |
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Term
| rolls of thickened palatal masticatory mucosa on. Mostly found of anterior portion of palate. |
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Definition
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Term
| "width" of attached gingiva is measured in which dimension? |
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Definition
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Term
| "thickness" of attached gingiva is measured in which dimension? |
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Definition
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Term
| determination of gingival thickness clinically is done by the "_____" technique (Insertion of a small measuring probe perpendicular to the gingiva measuring cross-sectionally |
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Definition
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Term
| describe healthy gingiva by color, contour, consistency, size, texture, and bleeding |
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Definition
Color - coral, salmon, or light pink. Can be variable with dark skinned persons having some pigmentation
Size - gingiva fits into interdental space and is not overly thick. Increase in size means abnormality until proven otherwise
Contour - knife edged margins and wavy (scalloped) profiles
Consistency - Firm, resilient
Texture - May or may not be stippled
Bleeding - obviously bad |
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Term
| Tissue of gingiva that covers surfaces and lines cavities. Protects underlying structures |
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Definition
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Term
| Tissue underneath epithelium. Connects and supports. contains vessels and nerves |
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Definition
| Connective tissues (lamina propria) |
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Term
| 2 layers of lamina propria |
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Definition
| Papillary layer; reticular layer |
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Term
| epithelium and CT meet at the |
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Definition
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Term
| layer of lamina propria that is closest to the basal lamina and has "instructive signals" for forming the overlying epithelium |
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Definition
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Term
| lamina propria cells and fibers are basically those of ______ ____ |
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Definition
| unmineralized connective tissue |
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Term
| 90% of cells in gingival epithelium are _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| Cells that function for tactile sensations |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| outer surface of attached gingiva and free gingiva are unkeratinized or keratinized? |
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Definition
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Term
| junctional epithelium keratinized or unkeratinized? |
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Definition
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Term
| sulcular epithelium - keratinized or nonkeratinized? |
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Definition
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Term
| lining mucosa, including Alveolar mucosa - keratinized or nonkeratinized? |
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Definition
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Term
| tough, water resistant protein that is a cytoskeletal protein and component of callus |
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Definition
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Term
| Keratin layer provides a protective covering by…? |
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Definition
1. desquamating and dislodging associated bacteria
2. by being impervious to many substances |
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Term
| is keratinized or nonkeratinized epithelium more resistant to bacteria? |
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Definition
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Term
| collagen fibers of the lamina propria arranged in well defined groups or bundles of fibers. These bundles are collectively called the ___ ___ ___ |
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Definition
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Term
| 3 types of gingival fibers? |
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Definition
Dento-gingival - extend from root surface into gingival tissue
Transseptal- from tooth surface to tooth surface
circular- surround teeth |
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Term
| what attaches junctional epithelium to enamel and/or cementum? |
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Definition
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Term
| how long is the junctional epithelium? |
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Definition
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Term
the junctional epithelium is unique in that it functions near the only place where the covering of the body's epithelium is penetrated by a part of the skeleton (tooth)
(No answer) |
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Definition
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Term
| which epithelium is the permeable portion of the gingival sulcus? |
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Definition
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Term
| which MAIN 3 arteries supply blood to gingiva and the attachment apparatus? |
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Definition
Supraperiosteal artery
Artery of PDL
Interdental artery
- also possibly a bit from Pulpal artery |
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Term
| Connective tissue covering the external surface of bone |
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Definition
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Term
| Which artery is the Main blood supply of the gingiva? |
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Definition
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Term
| Gingival nerves, arteries, and veins are all in the |
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Definition
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