Term
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Definition
Includes:
-The Cutaneous Senses: touch and pain, skin stimulation
-Proprioception: body position
-Kinesthesis: body movement |
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Term
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Definition
receptors that respond to mechanical stimulation such as pressure, stretching and vibration.
-Found in epidermis and dermis |
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Term
| Types of mechanoreceptors |
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Definition
Merkel receptor: senses fine details
Meissner corpuscle: controls handgrip
Ruffini cylinder: perceives stretching of the skin
Pacinian corpuscle: senses rapid vibrations and fine texture. |
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Term
| Nerve fiber pathways up spinal cord (Peripheral nerves): |
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Definition
-medial lemniscal pathway (proprioception)
-spinothalamic pathway (temperature and pain) |
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Term
| Most of the perpiheral nerve fibers... |
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Definition
| synapse in the ventrolateral nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
| signals travel to the somatosensory receiving area (S1) in the parietal lobe of the cortex and also the secondary somatosensory cortex (S2) |
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Term
| Homunculus (cortical body map) |
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Definition
Body map that corresponds to locations on the body
-disproportionate |
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Term
| Experience-dependent plasticity in the somatosensory system |
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Definition
| Increasing stimulation of a specific area of the skin causes an expansion of the cortical area receiving signals from that area of skin. |
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Term
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Definition
| 2-point threshold- minimum separation between 2 points on the skin that when stimulated is perceived as 2 points. |
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Term
| The receptive field for a neuron in the cutaneous system.. |
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Definition
| is the area on the skin that when stimulated, influences the firing rate of the neuron |
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Term
| Having small receptive fields of neurons receiving signals from the fingers translates into... |
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Definition
| more separation on the cortex, which enhances the 2 point threshold. |
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Term
| Duplex theory of texture perception |
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Definition
| Temporal and spatial cues |
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Term
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Definition
| perception in which 3-D objects are explored w/ the hand |
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Term
| For passive touch you experience... |
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Definition
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Term
| Active touch you experience |
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Definition
| the objects you are touching |
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Term
| Stimulation of the receptors may trigger a response... |
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Definition
| but the size of the response can then be affected by processes such as attention, thinking and other actions of the perceiver |
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Term
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Definition
-Nociceptive: pain caused by activation of receptors in the skin called nociceptors
-Inflammatory: damage to tissues and inflammations to joints or by tumor cells
Neuropathic: lesions and other damage to the nervous system. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pain signals enter the spinal cord from the body and are then transmitted from the spinal cord to the brain |
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Term
| The gate control system consists of cells in the spinal cord called.. |
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Definition
| the substantia gelatinosa |
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Term
| Input to the gate control system occurs in 3 pathways |
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Definition
-S-fibers: painful stimuli
-L-fibers:nonpainful stimuli
-Central control:cognitive functions |
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Term
| Modern research has shown that pain can... |
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Definition
| be influenced by what a person expects, how the person directs his or her attention, distractions that are present, and hypnosis |
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Term
| Multimodal nature of pain |
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Definition
| Sensory component and affective component |
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Term
| Anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is important |
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Definition
| for determining unpleasantness |
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Term
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Definition
| participants showed increased activation of the ACC |
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