Term
|
Definition
| 2 mm thick layer that covers the surface of the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| receives signals from all of the senses and coordinates information from two or more senses |
|
|
Term
| Physical structure of a neuron |
|
Definition
-cell body
-dendrites: branch out from cell body to receive electrical signals from other neurons
-axon: filled with fluid that conducts electrical signals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a type of neuron specialized to respond to environmental stimuli |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| consists of the axons of many neurons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the signal consisting of a charge of -70 millivolts that the signal a neuron holds when it is not firing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a signal consisting of a charge of +40 millivolts compared to its outside when a neuron fires |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| molecules surrounding neurons that carry an electrical charge |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When a membrane is highly permeable to one specific type of molecule, but not others |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Once the response gets started, it travels all the way down the axon without decreasing in size.
-Enables neurons to travel long distances |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the interval between the time one nerve impulse occurs and the next can be generated in the axon. |
|
|
Term
| Upper limit to neuron's firing rate |
|
Definition
| 500-800 impulses per second |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| action potentials that occur without stimuli in the environment |
|
|
Term
| When a neurotransmitter makes contact with a receptor site... |
|
Definition
| it activates the receptor site and triggers a voltage change in the receiving neuron |
|
|
Term
| When an electrical signal reaches the synapse... |
|
Definition
| it triggers a chemical process that in turn triggers a change in voltage in the receiving neuron. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cause the inside of the neuron to become more positive (depolarization) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cause the inside of the neuron to become more negative (hyperpolarization) |
|
|
Term
| Summary of the effects of inhibitory and excitatory transmitters |
|
Definition
| The release of inihibtory decreases the chance that a neuron will generate action potentials and lower rate of firing. Excitatory= vice versa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| area on the receptors that influence the firing rate of the neuron |
|
|
Term
| center surround receptive field |
|
Definition
| the areas of the receptive field are arranged in a center region that responds one way and the surround region responds in the opposite way |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The representation of particular objects in the environment by neurons firing specifically in response to that object |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the representation of a particular object by the pattern of firing of a group of neurons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| neuron that responds to a specific stimlus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An object represented by the firing of a relatively small number of neurons |
|
|
