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| coined the term sociology and stressed the importance of positivism: a belief that the world can best be understood through scientific inquiry |
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| paid special attention to U.S. diversity based on race, class, and gender. |
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| used an evolutionary perspective to explain stability and change in societies. Known as a supporter of Social Darwinism coining the term survival of the fittest. |
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| social facts are patterned ways of acting, thinking, and feeling that exist outside any one individual and exert social control over each person |
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believed that conflict especially class conflict is inevitable
-class conflict is the struggle between members of the capitalist class, or bourgeoisie and working class, or proletariat
-exploitation of workers by capitalists results in workers' alienation, a feeling of power |
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| concern with the growth of large-scale organizations is reflected in his work on bureaucracy |
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| emphasized that society is best seen as a web of patterned interactions among people. Assessed the costs of industrialization on individuals |
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| Robert E. Park and George herbert Mead |
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| influential early members of the first U.S. department of sociology. |
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| wrote Hull-House Maps and Papers which was used by other Chicago sociologists for the next forty years. |
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| founded the second U.S. department of sociology at Atlanta University and wrote The Philadelphia Negro: A social Study |
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| stressed that all societies must make provisions for meeting social needs in order to survive |
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distinguished between intended and unintended functions of social institutions
-Manifest functions
-Latent Functions
-dysfunctions |
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| founder of symbolic interactionist perspectives, he emphasized that a key feature distinguishing humans from other animals is the ability to communicate in symbols |
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