Term
|
Definition
| a system by which jail operations are funded by a set amount paid per day for each prisoner held |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| facility operated under a joint agreement between two or more government units, with a jail board drawn from representatives of each jurisdiction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an amount of money, specified by a judge, to be posted as a condtion for pretrial release to ensure the appearance of the accused in court |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pretrial release because the judge believes the defendant's ties in the community are sufficient to guarantee the defendant's appearance in court |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| detention of an accused person in jail to protect the community from crimes the accused is considered likely to commit if set free pending trial |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
an alternative to adjudication in which the defendant agrees to conditions set by the prosecutor in exchange for withdrawal of charges.
For example, counseling or rehab |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increasing the scope of corrections by applying a diversion program to people charged with offenses less serious that those of the people the program was orginally intended to serve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a facility with a podular acrhitectural design and management policies that emphasizes interaction of inmates and staff and provision of services |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| self contained living areas for 12-25 inmates, composed of individual cells for privacy and open areas for social interaction |
|
|
Term
| presentence investigation (PSI) |
|
Definition
| An investiagtion and summary report of a convicted offender's background, which helps the judge decide on an appropriate sentence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| descriptions in the PSIs of the cost of the crime for the victim, including emotional and financial costs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process by which private investigative frims contract with convicted offenders to conduct comprehensive background checks and suggest to judges creative sentencign options as alternatives to incarceration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the ability to force a prson to do something he or she does not want to do |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the ability to influence a person's actions in a desired direction without resorting to force |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| constraints impoed on all probationers, including reporting to the probation office |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| constraints imposed on some probationers to increase the restrictiveness or painfulness of probation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Constraints imposed on some probationers to force some of them to deal with a significant problem or need such as substance abuse |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a drug that when combined with alcohol, causes violent nausea; it is used to control a person's drinking |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a drug that redues the craving for heroin, it is used to spare addicts from painful withdrawal symptoms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the probationer's failure to abide by the rules and conditions of proabtion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a range of correctional management strategies based on the degree of intrusiveness and control over the offender, along which an offeder is moved based onhis or her response to correctional programs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the potential losses to victims and to the system if offenders fail; stakes include injury from violent crimes and public pressure resulting from negative publicity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A criminal penalty based on the amount of income an offender earns is a day's work |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| government seizure of property and other assets derived from or used in criminal activity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a model of correctional institutions that empahsizes security, discipline, and order |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a model of correctional institutions that emphazises the provision of treatment programs designed to reform the offender |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a model of correctional institutions that emphasizes maintenance of the offender's ties to family and community as a method of reform in recognition of the fact that the offender will be returning to the community |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
an architectural plan for a prison calling for a long central corridor crossed at regular intervals by structures containing the
prison's functional areas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| plan by which a prison is construted in the form of a wheel with spokes radiating from a central core |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a prison designed and organized to minimize the possibility of escapes and violence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| designed and prganized to prevent escapes and violence with restrictions less rigid than maximum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a prison designed and organized to permit inmates and visitors as mush freedom as is consistent with the concept of incarceration |
|
|
Term
| During the early existence of jail, how did the sheriff make a living? |
|
Definition
| collecting fees from inmates and hiring out prison labor |
|
|
Term
| During the early existence of jail, jails were used to: |
|
Definition
| house misfits and detain people until trial |
|
|
Term
| where was the ealry jail located? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Whya re most prisons located in rural areas? |
|
Definition
| land cost and urban distractions |
|
|
