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Definition
| Short term incarceration programs that incorporate the strict discipline, hard labor, and physical training of military basic training followed by an aftercare program that contains conditions and treatment. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sanctions that allow criminal offenders to remain in the community as long as they abide by certain conditions, such as maintaining employment, participating in drug treatment, or undergoing psychological treatment. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sanctions that inflict physical pain on the offender. |
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Term
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Definition
Something that is correlated to crime or contributes to criminal behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
| Used in Europe, a method of setting variable fine amounts that are punitive and address the economic differences among offenders. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sanction that requires defendants to report to an official criminal justice facility, such as a jail, on a daily basis to check in and demonstrate to correctional staff that they are complying with the conditions of their current legal status. |
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Term
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Definition
| Monetary payments imposed on criminal offenders as a way to repay society for the offenders' violations of the law. |
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Term
| First Generation Boot Camps |
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Definition
| Boot camps that stress military discipline, physical training, and hard work. |
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Term
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Definition
| The loss of ownership of some property or assiet for its illegal use. |
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Term
| Halfway house/Residential treatment |
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Definition
| Describes the confinement status of a criminal defendant who is partially confined and partially integrated into the community. |
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Term
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Definition
| Forfeiture in which the criminal defendant whose property is the target of the forfeiture can only occur after criminal conviction. |
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Term
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Definition
| Civil forfeiture that targets property, it does not require formal adverserial proceedings and adjudication of guilt. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Any form of correctional supervision that fails between the most lenient tupes of punishment, such as diversion and unsupervised probation, and the most severe types of punishment, such as prison confinement. |
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Term
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Definition
| The philosophy of justice that assumes that individuals freely choose to violate criminal laws and therefore the state or criminal justice system has the legal or moral right and duty to punish them according to the nature of their act. |
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Term
| Residential Reentry Centers |
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Definition
| Federal halfway houses that provide assistance to fedreal inmates nearing release. |
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Term
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Definition
| Money paid to the crime victim to recoup some of the harm caused by the offender's wrongful acts. |
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Term
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Definition
| Narrow fine amounts set by statute. |
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Term
| Third-generation boot camps |
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Definition
| Boot camps that have replaced the military components with educational and vocational skills training and often include a follow-up component in the community known as aftercare. |
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Term
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Definition
| Programs in which offenders work in the community but live in a weekender madule of the jail on weekends for some specified period of time. |
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Term
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Definition
| Programs that allow inmates to leave prison to work in the community during business hours and then return to prison for nights and weekends. |
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Term
| American Pobation and Parole Association |
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Definition
| The official professional organization for probation and parole officers. |
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Term
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Definition
| Founder of probation in the United States |
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Term
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Definition
| An extension of the community policing approach to crime control where community residents and organizations work with criminal justice officials to address neighborhood disorder and related problems. |
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Term
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Definition
| Supreme Court case that held that federal courts had no power to suspend criminal sentences and suggested probation legislation as a remedy. |
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Term
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Definition
| Option to choose prison over a probation sentence. |
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Term
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Definition
| Searches of probation clients' place of work or homes to determine their compliance with supervision. |
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Term
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Definition
| The oldest and most widely used way to provide court-ordered services in the juvenile justice system. |
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Term
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Definition
| A sanction for criminal offenders who have been sentenced to a period of correctional supervision in the community in lieu of incarceration. |
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Term
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Definition
| Legislation enacted in 1925 that established probation as a sentence in the federal courts and authorized the appointment of probation officers. |
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Term
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Definition
| Burdens placed on probationers convicted of the most serious crimes, such as residency limitations for offenders convicted of sexual offenses. |
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Term
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Definition
| A restorative justice concept that focuses on communication and problem solving among offender, victims, and community residents rather than enforcement and punishment as a way to address crime. |
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Term
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Definition
| The termination of a probation sentence for noncompliance. |
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Term
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Definition
| A specialized unit within a probation office in which practitioners exclusively supervise offender convicted of sexually based offenses. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sentence that includes both incarceration and probation. |
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Term
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Definition
| An offender's committment to conventional, prosocial behaviors and responsibilities. |
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