Term
respitory
diagnostic
tests |
|
Definition
chest x-ray
ct-scan
bronchoscopy
pulminary function
sputum culture |
|
|
Term
most common cause of cardia arrest in children
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
initial symptoms
of
respiratory failure |
|
Definition
restlessness
tachypnea
tachycardia
diaphoresis
|
|
|
Term
respiratory failure
decompensation symptoms |
|
Definition
nasal flaring
retractions
grunting
wheezing
anxiety
irritability
headhache
hypertension
confusion |
|
|
Term
imminent respiratory arrest
symptoms |
|
Definition
severe hypoxia
hypercapnea
dyspnea
bradycardia
cyanosis
stuppor
coma
|
|
|
Term
resipratory failure
nursing interventions |
|
Definition
position patient upright
assess resiratory quality
vital signs
apical pulse
temp
oxygen sats
level of consciousness |
|
|
Term
respiratory failure
equipment needed at bedside |
|
Definition
meds
ETT
intubation equipment
laryngyscope
|
|
|
Term
cystic fibrosis
definition |
|
Definition
mulitsystem disorder of exocrine glands
leads to increased production of thick mucous
eventually body organs with mucous ducts become obstructed and damaged |
|
|
Term
CF
creates ________ in lungs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
CF
causes ___________ in the pancreatic ducts |
|
Definition
clogging and scaring
= decrease use of pancreatic enzymes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
unable to absorb fats and proteins due to decreased pancreatic enzymes
--> decreases growth and FTT |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sweat test
analyzes NA and Cl in sweat
greater than 60 mEq is positive of CF
child will taste salty when family memebers kiss it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
CF
nursing intervention r/t nutrition |
|
Definition
| high choloric protein and moderate fat diet |
|
|
Term
CF
nursing interventions
medications |
|
Definition
antibiotics
pancreatic enzymes
multivitamins
mucolytics
bronchodilators |
|
|
Term
restrictive airway disorders
cause |
|
Definition
| airway tissue retracts caused by bacterium, allergen, or irritant |
|
|
Term
restrictive airway disorders
two types |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
upper airway illness, swelling of the epiglotis and larynx
may extend into the trachea and bronchi |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
spasmotic croup
laringotracheobronchitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
starts slow
usually after URI
soothed with cool humidified air
|
|
|
Term
laringotrachiobronchitis
s/s |
|
Definition
more serious then other croup infections
ages 3 months to 8 years
starts slow, progress to stridor
brassy cough, sore throat, mild fever 102 or less
restless, irritable |
|
|
Term
laringiotrachiobronchitis
treatment
meds |
|
Definition
epinephrine
albuterol
corticosteroids
humidified o2
maybe admitted to ER
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
life threatening
ages 2-4 years
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
fever greater than 102
dysphagia
stridor
drooling
increase resp and heart rate
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
admit to hospital
antibiotics
humidity and O2
airway management
close monitoring
* trach kit at bedside |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
most common chronic illness of childhood
5 million children in U.S. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increases even though treatment has inproved |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
chronic disorder airways inflammation
narrowing and hypereactive following exposure to irritant/trigger
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
chest x-ray
pulmonary function test
wheezing
dry cough |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
exercise
infection
allergens
food additives
pollutants
weather changes
emotions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increase in frequency and severity of smoothe muscle contraction |
|
|
Term
| asthma clinical manifestations |
|
Definition
cough
SOB
prolonged respiratory phase wheezing
lips dark red in color
speaks in short bursts
panting
barrel chest
anxious
restlessness
apprehension
use of accessory muscles
crackles and wheeze
may progress to cyanosis or death |
|
|
Term
nursing care for asthma
acute |
|
Definition
assess for cyanosis/distress
administer meds
position in high semifowlers
oxygen
IV access
|
|
|
Term
asthma
treatment
medications |
|
Definition
bronchodilators
anticholinergics
antinflammatory/ corticosteriods
leukotrine modifiers
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
prevention of attacks
know and recognize triggers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
teach peak flow meter
meds and spacer
regular check ups |
|
|
Term
upper respiratory infections
occurance |
|
Definition
| most common cause of morbidity in young children |
|
|
Term
upper respiratory infects in children
why are they more at risk |
|
Definition
small size of anatomical structures
airways easily obstructed
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| winter and early spring prevelance |
|
|
Term
URI
clinical manifestations |
|
Definition
runny nose
fever
cough
sore throat
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
rest
comfort
teach hygeine
hydration/nutrition
reduce fever
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
expectorants
mucolytics
antipyretics
antitussives |
|
|
Term
respiratory distress syndrome
RDS
|
|
Definition
compromised respiratory system
premature infants born at less than 36 weeks gestation may develop RDS
lungs are underdeveloped and lack enough surfactant to keep the alveoli open |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
dyspnea
hypoxia
cyanosis
and require immediate oxygen administration
possibly ventilator use |
|
|
Term
bronchopulmonary dysplasia
BPD |
|
Definition
| acute lung injury, usually occuring in infants following premature birth |
|
|
Term
| chronic obstructive lung disease |
|
Definition
premature infants that require ventilatory assistance
infants after prolonged O2 therapy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
direct result of medical treatment provided to neonates
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -injury results in barotrauma, O2 toxicity, inflammation, cellular damage and cell death |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
persistant signs of respiratory distress
tachypnea
wheezing
crackles
irritability
nasal flaring
grunting
retractions
pulmonary edema
FTT
cyanosis
pallor
decreased activity |
|
|
Term
BPD
diagnostic test findings |
|
Definition
chest x-ray - cystic changes and hyperinflation
blood gases- hypercapnea and resp acidosis
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
symptomatic treatment:
adequate nutrition
supplemental oxygen
medications |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| usually require intensive care- O2, suctioning, turning, I & O's close monitoring, prevention of infections |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
parents need CPR training, in home monitor use, s/s of infections, safety issues
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| are increasing due to advances in technology- saving younger preemies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the trachea and bronchi |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
occurs most often in children < 4
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| usually after a mild resp illness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| usually viral but can be bacterial or allergic in origin |
|
|
Term
bronchitis
classic symptom |
|
Definition
deep hacking cough, which is worse at night
-sore chest muscles from coughing so much and so hard- |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| infecting agent causes inflammation and obstruction of the small airways |
|
|
Term
bronchitis
especially vulnerable? |
|
Definition
babies 2 months and under
-frequently will require a hospital- |
|
|
Term
bronchitis
mechanism of action |
|
Definition
| virus invades mucousal cells of bronchi, die, then cause clogging and irritation of bronchioles, result in inflammation and increases mucous secretions |
|
|
Term
RSV
respiratory syncytial virus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| usually in children < 2 years old |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| similar to common cold, but then progresses to fever, increased cough, congestion, wheezing, resp difficulty |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
supportive
O2 therapy, suction, hydration
ribavirin 2-5 days course |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| less than 1% unless untreated |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of lung parenchyma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
may be viral or bacterial
atypical- mycoplasma 5-12 years
aspiration pneumonia- following vomiting or poison ingestion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
fever 104 or >
cough
rhonchi/fine rales
chest pain
nasal flaring
pallor to cyanosis
irritability
restlessness
tachypnea
decreased breath sounds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
symptomatic therapy
airway management
fluids
rest
O2 support
antibiotics if indicated
reassurance/education |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| infection or inflammation of palatine lymphoid tissue(tonsils) |
|
|
Term
tonsillitis/tonsillectomy
post op focus |
|
Definition
airway management
bleeding (ceck frequency of swallow)
dehydration
pain |
|
|
Term
tuberculosis
causative agent |
|
Definition
mycobacterium tuberculosis
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
tuberculosis
clinical manifestations in infants |
|
Definition
persistent cough
weight loss
FTT
fever
wheezing and decreased breath sounds
|
|
|
Term
tuberculosis
older children s/s |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
foreign body aspiration or injury
|
|
|
Term
airway obstruction
location |
|
Definition
blockage above trachea- inspiration affected
blockage below trachea- expiration affected |
|
|
Term
airway obstruction
education |
|
Definition
teach heimlich maneuver, CPR
-small toys, "choking" foods
s/s of choking |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
decreased breath sounds
stridor
respiratory distress |
|
|
Term
school attendence when sick
yes |
|
Definition
stuffy nose but no wheezing or cough
little wheeze but goes away after meds
able to do usual activities
no dypnea |
|
|
Term
school attendence when sick
NO |
|
Definition
excessive runny nose
sore throat or painful, swollen neck glands
fever > 100 orally or 101 rectally
face hot and flushed
wheezing not respnsive to medications
breathing difficulty
peak flow < 80% of personal best |
|
|
Term
obstructive airway
object in trachea? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
airway obstruction
object in esophagus |
|
Definition
depending on object
may just let it dissolve on its own |
|
|
