Term
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Definition
Invagination of a portion of intestine into itself leading to bowel obstruction
VS normal early, later tachycardia, fever and shock
Dehydration
Sausage shaped mass in 85% of patients, usually RUQ |
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Term
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Definition
Classic triad present in 43% of patients
Pain
Abdominal mass
Currant jelly stools |
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Term
| management of intussusception |
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Definition
Stat surgical consult
Antibiotics
Intravenous fluid resuscitation
Non-operative
Barium enema 42-80% effective (contradicted if peritonitis, perforation or shock suspected)
Pneumatic reduction 80-90% effective |
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Term
| operative management of intussusception |
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Definition
If barium or pneumatic reduction fails
Peritonitis and/or perforation suspected
Three or more negative predictors
<3 months of age or > 3 years
Duration of symptoms > 24 hours
Dehydration >5%
Ileo-ileal intussusception |
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Term
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Definition
| disorder originates in kidney (pyelonephritis, Wilm’s tumor, minimal change nephritic syndrome) |
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Term
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Definition
| kidney function is affected by systemic disorder (SLE, hemolysis, dehydration, IDDM) |
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Term
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Definition
Maintenance fluid and electrolyte balance
Removal waste products of metabolism
Activation of vitamin D
Production of erythropoietin (RBC formation)
Secretion of renin (causes Angiotensin I which causes Angiotensin II which causes vasoconstriction and raises blood pressure) |
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Term
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Definition
| begins during the third month of gestation. (baby gets blood and nutrients from placenta) |
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Term
| thus are more prone to metabolic acidosis and fluid and electrolyte imbalances |
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Definition
| Young infants also are less able to excrete sodium, potassium, H+ and phosphate which may cause... |
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Term
can be classified as both primary and secondary renal disease..
In primary disorders the glomerulus is the initial site of inflammation
In secondary disorders, the kidney is one of several organs affected by a systemic process |
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Definition
| inflammation of the glomerular capillaries... |
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Term
| Acute Post Streptococcal GN |
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Definition
Most common cause of acute glomerulonephritis in children
Etiology and Pathophysiology
Follows group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus pharyngitis or impetigo.
Not all strep organisms are nephrogenic. While antibiotics may prevent rheumatic fever as a complication of strep infection, they do not prevent APSGN
Antibody to streptococcus antigen develops
Antigen-antibody complexes become trapped in glomerular capillaries
Complement is activated recruiting neutrophils and promoting inflammation of glomeruli
As glomerular capillaries become inflamed and swollen, lumen decreases and GFR decreases resulting in retention of sodium and water |
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Term
| Clinical Manifestation of APSGN |
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Definition
Signs and symptoms appear 7-21 days after strep infection so association may not be recognized
May have asymptomatic hematuria or tea/cola colored urine
Edema (notice it first around the eyes)
Oliguria
Hypertension which may be severe (because they are fluid overloaded)
Child often pale, irritable and lethargic
May have headaches, abdominal pain and dysuria |
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Term
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Definition
Clinical syndrome characterized by massive proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, hypercholesterolemia and edema
Loss of protein in the urine (liver will make albumin to make up for loss of protein; they will also get high cholesterol from this mechanism)
Classification
Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome
Secondary Nephrotic Syndrome
Congenital Nephrotic Syndrome |
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Term
| mild change nephrotic syndrome |
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Definition
| most common form of nephrotic syndrome |
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Term
| side effects of corticosteriods in MCNS |
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Definition
| (insomnia [give the steroids in the morning if you can], hunger, weight gain, mood changes, teach them about infections! That’s very important!!), risks, importance of taper (get prescription refilled right away so they don’t miss a dose) |
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