Term
| camplobacter: incubation, duration, prak ages |
|
Definition
incubation: 1-10d (3-5)
duration: 7d
ages: 1yo, young adults |
|
|
Term
| camplobacter transmission (7) |
|
Definition
food
water
vertical
people
animals
eggs
chicken |
|
|
Term
| what type of diarrhea does camplobacter have |
|
Definition
moderate volume
watery
foul smlling
bloody
mucous
WBC |
|
|
Term
| does camplobacter have vomiting and fever |
|
Definition
vomiting: uncommon
fever: yes |
|
|
Term
| what symptoms in addition to vomiting, diarrhea, and fever does camplobacter have (4) |
|
Definition
headache
malaise
abdominal pain like appendicitis
toxic appearance |
|
|
Term
| what intestinal conditions can camplobacter cause (12) |
|
Definition
chronic diarrhea
travelers diarrhea
colitis/enterocolitis; ulcerative, nodular, pseudomembranous
GIbleed
acute abdomen: cholecystitis, pancreatitis, appendicitis, mesenteric lymphadenitis
IBS
toxic megacolon: colon dilates and lacks peristalsis |
|
|
Term
| what non intestinal conditions can camplobacter progress to (11) |
|
Definition
reiter's syndrome
septic arthritis
bacteremia
glomerulonephritis
carditis
reactive arthritis
meningitis
UTI
hemolytic uremic syndrome
gullian barre syndrome |
|
|
Term
| what is the treatment for camplobacter (2) |
|
Definition
hydration
antibiotic: macrolide (erythromycin) |
|
|
Term
| what are 5 places to check for dehydration |
|
Definition
| sunken eyes, skin turgor, oral mucosa, frontanells, tears |
|
|
Term
| what is the diarrhea in giardia like |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| why is there diarrhea in giardia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| is there vomiting and fever in giardia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| other than vomiting, fever, and diarrhea what are the symptoms of giardia (5) |
|
Definition
weight loss
failure to thrive
anorexia
abdominal cramps
belching |
|
|
Term
| how is giardia diagnosed (6) |
|
Definition
stool specimen: motile protozoa
duodenal exam: enterotest capsule, intubation
biopsy: duodenum or jejunum
serology
CIE
ELISA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the diarrhea for pseudomembranous colitis like |
|
Definition
| watery at first them bloody |
|
|
Term
| does pseudomembranous colitis have fever and vomiting |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are signs other than fever, vomiting, and diarrhea in pseudomembranous colitis (5) |
|
Definition
nausea
anorexia
abdominal pain and tenderness
toxic megacolon
perforation of the bowl |
|
|
Term
| how is pseudomembranous colitis diagnosed (4) |
|
Definition
previous antibiotic use
guiac positive stool (occult blood)
fecal leukocytes
conformation: C. diff toxin A or B positive test via PCR |
|
|
Term
| what is the treatment for pseudomembranous colitis (4) |
|
Definition
fluids and supportive care
DC antibiotic
isolation
metrnoidazole |
|
|
Term
| what do you never give to a kid with GI problems |
|
Definition
| anti-peristaltic (imodium) |
|
|
Term
| rotavirus: incubation, duration, ages |
|
Definition
incubation: 48-72 hours
duration: 5-7 days
ages: 5-24 mo |
|
|
Term
| rotavirus transmission (3) |
|
Definition
most in winter
fecal oral
respiratory |
|
|
Term
| what is rotavirus diarrhea like |
|
Definition
large amounts
watery
odorless |
|
|
Term
| is there vomitng or fever with rotavirus |
|
Definition
vomiting: yes
fever: low grade maybe |
|
|
Term
| other than diarrhea, vomiting, and fever what are the symptoms of rotavirus (4) |
|
Definition
pharyngeal redness
rhinitis
otitis media
rapid and severe isotonic dehydration |
|
|
Term
| what are the three complications of rotavirus |
|
Definition
intussecption
necrotizing enterocoltis
SIDS |
|
|
Term
| how is rotavirus diagnosed (2) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the treatment for rotavirus |
|
Definition
there isnt
vaccine: 2mo, 4mo, 6mo |
|
|
Term
| salmonella: incubation, duration, location |
|
Definition
incubation: 8-72h
duration: 2-7d
SI and colon |
|
|
Term
| salmonella transmission (9) |
|
Definition
meat, poultry, dairy
summer
marijuana
flies, insects
people |
|
|
Term
| what type of diarrhea does salmonella have |
|
Definition
moderate volume
slimy
foul smelling
blood
mucous
WBC |
|
|
Term
| does salmonella have fever of vomiting |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| other than diarrhea, fever, and vomiting what is another symptom of salmonella |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what abdominal conditions can salmonella cause (5) |
|
Definition
gasteoenteritis
eneric (typhoid) fever
bacteremia
local infection
chronic carrier |
|
|
Term
| what are 4 labs that can diagnosed salmonella |
|
Definition
elevated WBC
Guaiac positive
positive culture
PMN |
|
|
Term
| what is the treatment for salmonella |
|
Definition
IV antibiotic in kids <3mo (meningitis risk)
antibiotic in very sick, immune compormized, or malignancy |
|
|
Term
| shigella: incubation, duration, age, location |
|
Definition
incubation; 1-3d
duration: 3-7d
ages: <10, peak 2
primary and distal colon |
|
|
Term
| shigella type of diarrhea |
|
Definition
small amount
viscous
odorless
bloody
mucous
10-25 times a day
WBC |
|
|
Term
| does shigella have fever and vomiting |
|
Definition
vomiting is very rare
fever |
|
|
Term
| what symptoms other than vomiting, fever, and diarrhea does shigella have (4) |
|
Definition
toxic looking
abdominal cramps
bronchitis
malaise |
|
|
Term
| what are 13 complications of shigella |
|
Definition
dehydration
hyponatremia
bacteremia
sepsis
intestinal prolapse
hemolytic uremic syndrome
uti
pneumonia
eye involvement
senziue
reiter's syndrome |
|
|
Term
| what are 4 lab results to diagose shigella |
|
Definition
positive guaiaae
bandemia
positive culture
protein in stool |
|
|
Term
| what is the treatment for shigella |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are 4 causes of viral gastroenteritis |
|
Definition
rotavirus
enteric adenovirus
norwalk virus
corona voris |
|
|
Term
| what is the diarrhea like in norwalk virus |
|
Definition
| watery, cruise ship virus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
respiratory illnesS: sneeze, cough, fever
blood shot eyes, clear discharge, photphobia
koplick spots
rash |
|
|
Term
| what and where are koplick spots |
|
Definition
in measles
blush white spot with red halo on buccal and labial mucosa that fade with onset of rash |
|
|
Term
| describe the rash in measles |
|
Definition
maculopapular
cephalocaudal: face and behind ears downward for three days
involves palms and soles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 symptoms of rubella / german measles |
|
Definition
occipital and posterior cervical adenopathy
rash
forchheimer spots |
|
|
Term
| what are forchheimer spots |
|
Definition
| red palate lesions in rubella |
|
|
Term
| describe the rubella rash |
|
Definition
fine or descrete lesions
pink/red
maculopapular
begins at hairline and spreads cephalocaudal |
|
|
Term
| what are 5 symptoms of congenital rubella |
|
Definition
heart lesions
hepatosplenomeagly
blue berry muffin rash (diffuse petechial)
early jaundice
neurological/mental retardation |
|
|
Term
| describe the varicella rash |
|
Definition
macula > papular > vesicles > crusting
pleomorphic: lesions in different stages in clumps all over |
|
|
Term
| describe the shingles (herpes zoster) rash |
|
Definition
follows dermatome
grouped vesicles
very painful
thin walled vesicles
erythematous vesicle base |
|
|
Term
| what is the most common cause of traveler's diarrhea |
|
Definition
| enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) |
|
|
