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Peds - Chapter 35
Vocab
27
Nursing
Undergraduate 2
08/08/2013

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Term
blount disease
Definition
A disorder characterized by abnormal growth on the medial side of the proximal tibia which causes an increasing varus deformity, leading to bowlegs.
Term
bones
Definition
Osseous or dense connective tissue that contains an exterior shell or cortex, and an inner, primarily protein, matrix that forms the skeleton.
Term
condrolysis
Definition
The breaking down and absorption of cartilage.
Term
compartment syndrome
Definition
A condition of increased pressure in a limited space such as in soft tissue of an extremity, which compromises circulation and nervous innervation.
Term
dislocation
Definition
Displacement of a bone from its normal articulation with a joint.
Term
dwarfism
Definition
A genetic condition usually resulting in an adult height of 58 inches or less.
Term
dysplasia
Definition
Abnormal development resulting in altered size, shape, and cell organization.
Term
equinus
Definition
A condition that limits dorsiflexion to less than normal; usually associated with clubfoot.
Term
hematopoiesis
Definition
Blood cell production.
Term
joints
Definition
Articulations or connections between bones.
Term
ligaments
Definition
Tough fibers that bind the ends of bones together.
Term
muscles
Definition
Collections of cells that can contract, causing the accompanying skeleton to move.
Term
ossification
Definition
Formation of bone from fibrous tissue or cartilage.
Term
osteoblasts
Definition
Cells that synthesize and lay down bone and then attract calcium and phosphates to strengthen the bone.
Term
osteoclasts
Definition
Cells that resorb bone in the constant process of bone formation and breakdown.
Term
osteocytes
Definition
Special osteoblasts that sense and respond to bone pressure and bending in order to direct the process of bone remodeling.
Term
osteopenia
Definition
Decreased mineralization and bone mass; bone mass between 1 and 2.5 standard deviations below norm.
Term
osteoporosis
Definition
Softening of bone due to marked decrease in mineralization and bone mass; bone mass is more than 2.5 standard deviations below norm; also known as metabolic bone disease.
Term
osteotomy
Definition
Surgical cutting of bone.
Term
periosteum
Definition
The fibrous membrane that covers the bones.
Term
psudohypertrophy
Definition
Enlargement of the muscles as a result of infiltration by fatty tissue.
Term
Rickets
Definition
Deossification of bones due to calcium and/or vitamin D deficiency, resulting in bending of long bones and bowlegs.
Term
sprain
Definition
A tearing of ligaments usually caused when a joint is twisted or otherwise traumatized.
Term
subluxation
Definition
Partial or incomplete dislocation of a joint.
Term
tendons
Definition
Fibrous bands that connect bone to its accompanying muscles, allowing the bone to move when a muscle contracts or relaxes.
Term
valgus
Definition
Bending inward of a limb toward the midline of the body.
Term
varus
Definition
A condition in which the hindfoot turns inward, usually associated with clubfoot.
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