Term
| This type of chemo drug works at the synthesis phase of cell division, interfering with the function of nucleic acid, inhibiting DNA or RNA synthesis. |
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Definition
| Antimetabolites (methotrexate) |
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Term
| This chemo drug acts during mitosis, binding with cell proteins to inhibit nucleic acid and protein synthesis. |
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Definition
| Vinca alkaloids (vincristine) |
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Term
| This chemo drug substitutes an alkyl group for a hydrogen atom, leading to blockage of DNA replication. USed for treatment of many cancers, either alone or in conjunction with other agents. |
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Definition
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Term
| This chemo drug interferes with nucleic acid, inhibiting DNA or RNA synthesis. Used in combination with other agents to treat leukemia and other childhood cancers. |
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Definition
| Antibiotics (dactinomycin) |
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Term
| This chemo drug is an analog of hydrocortisone; anti-inflammatory; delayed and depressed immune response. Used in conjunction with other agents for many types of childhood cancer. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which chemo drug has numerous side effects including edema, moon face, mood lability, increased appetite, disturbed sleep, immunosuppression, disturbed glucose control, and osteoporosis? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which chemo drugs warrant the nurse assessing frequently for infection? |
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Definition
| Prednisone, vincristine, and methotrexate |
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Term
| Which cancers or conditions is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation used to treat? |
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Definition
| Leukemia, neuroblastoma, and some noncancerous conditions such as aplastic anemia. |
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Term
| What is the goal of stem cell therapy? |
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Definition
| To administer a lethal dose of chemo and radiation that will kill the cancer, and then to resupply the body with stem cells either from the child's own bone marrow that was previously removed (autologous transplant) and stored or from a compatible donor (allogenic transplant). |
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Term
| Which style of therapy may involve nutritional supplements, oral herbal supplements, touch therapy, and mind/body interventions? |
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Definition
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Term
| What approach should a healthcare provider take with a family whose child is using complementary therapy in addition to traditional therapy? |
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Definition
| They should be aware of these practices and inquire in a nonjudgmental manner about what therapies are used, and attempt to learn about specific therapies and practices. They should also assist the family in seeking information and supported use of their chosen therapies. |
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Term
| Other than analgesics, what are some effective methods of pain reduction for children experiencing pain from cancer? |
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Definition
| Relaxation techniques, deep breathing, and distraction. |
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Term
| What is the goal of pain treatment in children with cancer? |
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Definition
| The child experiences pain reduced to the level that allows the child to interact appropriately and gain rest. |
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Term
| How can the nurse ensure adequate rest for the child with cancer? |
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Definition
-Alter the environment to allow designated rest periods.
-Plan care to reduce frequency of interruptions during normal rest and sleep times. |
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Term
| What are two ways to help the child maintain adequate nutritional intake and experience reduced effects of chemo? |
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Definition
-Offer small feedings. Encourage favorite foods. REfer to dietitian for spacial meals: Weigh daily
-Teach the child distractiona nd relaxation techniques. Give antiemetics according to orders. |
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Term
| What are 3 interventions to prevent infection in the child w/cancer? |
|
Definition
-Wash hands often
-Monitor temperature. Report elevation to physician
-Educate the child and parents about meaning of blood counts
-Advise the child's teacher to tell the parents if the child is exposed to communicable diseases at school.
-Clean vascular access site and inject heparin per protocol. Observe for signs of infection. Report infection to physician.
-Administer intravenous antibiotics as ordered. Report elevations over 101F to physician. |
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Term
| What is the peak age at onset of ALL? |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do blood counts reveal in ALL? |
|
Definition
| Anemia, thrombocytopenia, and neutropenia. |
|
|
Term
| What does bone marrow aspiration reveal in ALL? |
|
Definition
| Immature and abnormal lymphoblasts and hypercellular marrow and is the differential test. |
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|
Term
| What percent of lymphoblasts in bone marrow aspiration is definitive for ALL? |
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Definition
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Term
| What drugs are given in the induction phase of chemotherapy for ALL? |
|
Definition
| Prednisone, vincristine, L-asparaginase and daunorubicin. |
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Term
| What drugs are given in the consolidation phase of chemo for ALL? |
|
Definition
| L-asparaginase and dosorubicin. |
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Term
| What drugs are given in the delayed intensification phase of chemo for ALL? |
|
Definition
| Vincristine, ARA-C, and Cyclophosphamide |
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|
Term
| What drugs are given in the maintenance of remission phase for ALL? |
|
Definition
| 6-mercaptopurine, 6-thioguanine and methotrexate |
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|
Term
| The higher the leukocyte count at the time of diagnosis, the __________ the prognosis. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is diagnosis of hodgkins disease based on? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What type of cells are present with hodgkins disease in lymph node biopsy? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Stage I hodgkins disease is what? |
|
Definition
| disease within a single lymph node region. |
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Term
| Stage IE hodgkins disease is what? |
|
Definition
| Disease within a single exralymphatic region. |
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Term
| Stage II of Hodgkins disease is what? |
|
Definition
| disease within 2 or more lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm. |
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|
Term
| Stage IIE of hodgkins disease is what? |
|
Definition
| Disease within extralymphatic organ, and one or more lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm. |
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Term
| Stage III of hodgkins disease is what? Disease of the lymph node regions on both sides of the diaphragm. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What sequence of tests are generally performed to diagnose non-hodgkin lymphoma? |
|
Definition
| Bone marrow aspiration and lumbar puncture are performed. CT can be done to locate it then diagnosis is confirmed by tissue biopsy. |
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Term
| When is radiation used in non-hodgkin lymphoma? |
|
Definition
| Infrequently, but may be helpful to treat a tumor that is impinging on a body part. |
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|
Term
| What are the clinical manifestations of medulloblastoma? |
|
Definition
| Headache, vomiting and ataxia |
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical manifestations of astrocytomas? |
|
Definition
| Seizures, visual disturbances, increased intracranial pressure, vomiting. |
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|
Term
| What are the clinical manifestations of ependymoma? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical manifestations of brainstem gliomas? |
|
Definition
| Cranial nerve tract signs, nystagmus, ataxia and morot symptoms. |
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|
Term
| What is usually used to diagnose brain tumors? |
|
Definition
| Computed tomography, MRI, PET, SPECT, angiography, and myelography |
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Term
| A smooth, hard, nontender mass that can occur anywhere along the sympathertic nervous system is generally associated with what? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Which bone tumor is usually located at the metaphysis of the distal femur, proximal tibia, or proximal humerus? |
|
Definition
| Osteosarcoma (or osteogenic sarcoma) |
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|
Term
| Which cancer is a cancer of the kidney that may be inherited? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is an important point to remember when assessing a child with a wimlms tumor? |
|
Definition
| Do not palpate the abdomen! |
|
|
Term
| What are most common sites for rhabdomyosarcoma? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the biggest sign of retinoblastoma? |
|
Definition
| Leukochorea, followed by the 2nd biggest sign-Strabysmus. |
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Term
| A family has chosen to accept a child's illness as part of their life, what is this family doing? |
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Definition
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