Term
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Definition
Rectal Temp > 100.4
Oral or Tempanic > 99.6 |
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Term
Role of Dispensing Pharmacist
1. Check
2. Demonstrate
3. Consider
4. Label |
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Definition
Check all doses for pediatric patients
Demonstrate how to measure and administer doses for Rx and OTC Meds
Consdier child's taste preferences
Label scripts for young children with Give not Take |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Above or equal to 101.5 F |
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Term
|
Definition
| Endogenous pyrogens increase set point here |
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Term
|
Definition
| heat production upregulates |
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Term
| Normal peak of diurnal temperature |
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Definition
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Term
| Normal low of diurnal temperature |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| correlates with WBC and T and B cell activity and interferon activity and is also implies that bacterial reporduction is being slowed down |
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Term
| Negative aspects of a fever |
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Definition
| Brain damage, fluid loss, increased heart rate, inreased metabolic rate, spetic shock, and discomfort |
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Term
| Occurence of febrile seizures |
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Definition
| Bwetween 2 and 5 % of children 6months to 5 yoa |
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Term
| Characterisitics of a simple febrile seizure |
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Definition
| non focal, less than 15 minutes, do not recur in 24 hours |
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Term
| Risk of occurence or rather reoccurence of a febrile seizure |
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Definition
| <1 yo it is 50% but if >1yo it is 30%, FH of febrile seizures 40% |
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Term
| Non pharmacological treatment of fevers |
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Definition
| clothing and blankets, sponging, works best in fevers over 104 F and with 2 inches of tepid water |
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Term
| Acetaminophen 10 - 15 mg/kg/dose q 4 to 8 hours, NTE 5 doses/24hours |
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Definition
| Normal child dosing of APAP |
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Term
| IBU 5 to 10 mg / kg/dose q 6 to 8 hours |
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Definition
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Term
| How you should dose all antipyretics for kids |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| APAP Children's Suspension |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| Children's IBU suspension |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Percentage of 3year olds that have been given OTCs in the past 30 days |
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Term
|
Definition
| percentage of children in New York survey who had been given OTCs in 2 days prior to survey |
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Term
| Age restriction for OTC products |
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Definition
| No OTC cough/cold meds for children under age 4 and caution if under 12 |
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Term
| Avoid multiple ingredient products, recommend APA or IBU alone when indicated, always suggest nonpharmacological mesures first line |
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Definition
| Additional 3 key things you should do as a pharmacist when recommending OTC cough cold meds (besides age restrictions) |
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Term
An additional non pharmacological measure that can be taken |
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Definition
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|
Term
Non honey cough drops in kids over 1 yoa
and Humidifier do not exceed 50% relative humidity to avoid mold and dust mite gorwth . Use evaporative humidfiier or steam humidier or steam vaorizer |
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Definition
| Humidifier and Cough Drops |
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Term
|
Definition
| What should you do if you use a ultasonic water aersolizer? |
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Term
|
Definition
| What can you use to clean a humidifier? |
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Term
| Painful inflammtn, pharynx tonsils, surrounding areas, 5% of all pediatric visitcs, viral in etiology usually and treatment is symptomatic |
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Definition
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|
Term
Inflammation of pharynx and tonsill, patchy discreet exudate, cervial lympadenopahty, NVAbD fever HA Scarltinform rash
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|
Definition
| Characterize strep throat |
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Term
|
Definition
| Seasons when Strep throat commonly occurs |
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|
Term
| Group A beta hemolytic stretopoccus occurs with 15 go 30 % of acute pharyngitis and 5 to 10% of acute pahrayngitis in adults. Risk of acute rheumatic fever in children is low and there is a 3% incidence if untreated strep inflammatory disease affecting heart and joints and skin and brain. Treatment involves: amoxicillin, PCn, cephs, ery |
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Definition
| Bacterial Etology of Strep Throat |
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Term
Rapid antigen test conducted, if it is neg asume viral in adult if peds, do cultures and treat based on results.
If postive treat with ABX regardless of age |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Weight lost in first days of life |
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Term
|
Definition
| Goal weight gain for children in first four months of life |
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Term
|
Definition
| Goal weight gain past 4months of age thru next 8 months |
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Term
|
Definition
| Nutritional needs of preterm infants |
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Term
| 100 to 120 kcal per kg per day |
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Definition
| Nutritional needs of infants 0 to 6 months of age |
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Term
| 80 to 100 kcal per kg per day |
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Definition
| Nutritional needs of infant 6 to 12 months of age |
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Term
|
Definition
| Protein needs of infants generally |
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Term
|
Definition
| Protein in 0 to 6 months needs |
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Term
|
Definition
| Protein needs in children 6 to 12 months |
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Term
| 60 to 80% whey and 20 to 40% casein |
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Definition
| Composition of Human Breast Milk |
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Term
| Whey 90% and Casein 10%, High in proteins and immunoglobulins and vitamins and minerals |
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Definition
| Human Milk Protein Composition of Colostrum |
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Term
| Whey 60 to 80 % Casein 20 to 40% and produced at 15 days to weaning with approximately 20 to 22 kcal per oz |
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Definition
| Mature Human Milk Composition |
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Term
| Colostrum has more fat and lactose in it and traditional milke is lower in protein and minerals than colostrum |
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Definition
| Comparing Traditional milk (days 6 to 15) to colostrum |
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Term
| lactase.....true lactase deficiency is rare |
|
Definition
| What does lactose need to be metabolized? |
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Term
| Contain immuglobulins, dcreased gastroenteritis, decresed diarrhea, less severe respiratory tract infections, less frequent ottits media infections, fewer hospitalizations |
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Definition
| Advantages of breast milk feeding include (immunological benefits) |
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Term
| Better tolerated, convenient, allergies, reduced incdience of over feeding, bonding of mother and child, and cost |
|
Definition
| Advantages of Breast Milk Feeding otherwise (besides immunological) |
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Term
| decreased need for vitamin supplements and easier for working mothers, possibly less physical stress on mom, increased bonding of dad and other caregivers |
|
Definition
| Advantages of Bottle Feeding |
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Term
| TB, typhoid, herpes, mumps, rubella, HIV, or CMV |
|
Definition
| Concerns with Breast Feeding: Contraindications |
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Term
| Illegal substances and nicotine pass into breast milk |
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Definition
| If a mom takes these she should not breast feed |
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Term
| Base formulas, special formulations, preparations |
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Definition
| Types of Formulas available for breast feeding (3) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Two different types of bases: |
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Term
| for term infants, iron fortified, 20 kcal per oz prepared, multiple preparations, consists of non fat cow's milk, vegetable oils, and added carbohydrates |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Enfamil Similac Good Start, Lactose free: Enfamil Lactose free LIPIL and Similac |
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Definition
| Examples of Milk based Formulas |
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Term
| for infants with lactose or milk preotin intolerance may contain fiber and are genreally soy based, PROSOBEE and ISOMIL |
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Definition
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|
Term
Low Birth weight and premature < 2kg, whey to casein ratio is 60 to 40, examples
SIMILAC and ENFAMIL PREMATURE LIPIL |
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Definition
| Characterize Special Formulations |
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Term
| For infants with specific illnesses that need modified amounts or types of carbohydrates, fats and lytes |
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Definition
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Term
| Ready to Use formulation, discard unused portion after *48 hours and refigerate once opened, warm before feeding |
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Definition
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|
Term
| starts at 40 kcal per oz must be diluted with bottled water or boiled water stable for 28 hours if refrigerated and feed at room temperature (not warm) |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Must be diluted or mixed to proper strength with either bottled or boiled water and are stable for 48 hours if refrigerated. SERVE warm |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Not recommended, heat only refrigerated formula 4oz or more at a time bottle is uncovered and standing upright heat on full power for not more than 30 miunutes for 4 oz of 45 seconds for 8 oz |
|
Definition
| Heating Formulas in the Microwave |
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|
Term
| replace nipple assemply and invert the bottle 10 times test the formula and watch out for leaching PHYTALATE into milk |
|
Definition
| ONce heating is complete of formula: |
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|
Term
| Infants should not be fed whole milk until 1 year of age |
|
Definition
| Whole milk age restrictions |
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Term
| 4 to6 months, one at a time to figure out allergies |
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Definition
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|
Term
| inflammatory ndtn in the rgn of the perinuem, buttocks, lower ab and inner tighs, aka DIAPER DERMATITIS |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| eryhtema, skin folds appear normal, mild cases are shiny and red and severe cases involve entire diaper area and macerated, possible signs of secondary infections |
|
Definition
| Typical diaper rash presentation |
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|
Term
| longer than 3 days, inguinal folds, beefy red, satelite legions |
|
Definition
| Fungal appearance of diaper rash |
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|
Term
| topical miconazole or nystatin, +/- topical CCS |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| staph aureus, micropustules, referral to MD |
|
Definition
| Bacterial organisms involved in diaper rash |
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|
Term
| Secondary herpes or CMV in children that are HIV + , refer to MD |
|
Definition
| Types of Viral infections and general info |
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|
Term
| Plastic pants or double diapers, poor rinsing of deteregents, and failure to change diapers problmpty |
|
Definition
| Odd risk factor for viral diaper rash or other risk factors |
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Term
| longer than 7 days, possible secondary infection, persistaent diarrahea or irritability |
|
Definition
| When to call MD on diaper rash |
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Term
| polysporin, miconazole, hydrocortef |
|
Definition
| Topical treatments of diaper rash |
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