Term
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Definition
Administer after 6 months of age, then annually.
After 2 years of age, may get intranasal (less effective, more expensive)
Contraind. w/egg allergy or immunocompromise
Recommended for pt w/chronic illness incl. sickle cell anemia |
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Term
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Definition
After 12 months of age: 2 doses, 6 months apart (Typically given at 12 and 18 months)
Contraind. for allergy to aluminum and during pregnancy |
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Term
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Definition
Given at birth, 1-2 mo, 6-18 mo
Contraind. for allergy to baker's yeast |
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Term
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Definition
2, 4, 6-18mo., 4-6 yrs.
(Polio is viral and can lead to paralysis, especially respiratory) |
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Term
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Definition
2, 4, 6 months
(virus causes severe diarrhea) |
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Term
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Definition
| 2, 4, 6, 12-18mo., 4-6yrs (booster) |
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Term
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Definition
11-12 years- one dose
every 10 years for tetanus/diptheria boost |
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Term
| Hib (Haemophilus influenza B) |
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Definition
| 2, 4, 6, 12-18mo. (Do not give after 5 years because natural immunity will have occurred) |
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Term
| PCV (Pneumococcal Conjugate) |
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Definition
2, 4, 6, 12-18mo
Note: at age 5, the PPV may be given to high-risk patients (same vaccine as given to older adults) |
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Term
| MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella) |
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Definition
12-18mo, 4-6yr
Vaccine is live/inactivated: do not give to immunocompromised patient
(Many complications to infection with these diseases) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) |
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Definition
3 injections over 6 months starting at 11-12 years
HPV is most common STD in USA |
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Term
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Definition
11-12 year olds, high school students, all college freshmen
Contraind. for latex or diptheria vaccination allergies |
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Term
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Definition
Looking for the following vaccinations to have been administered:
2 varicella
2 MMR
3 Hep B
4 Polio
5 DTaP |
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Term
| Contraindications to specific immunizations |
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Definition
HepB: baker's yeast
HepA: aluminum
Polio: polymyxinB, neomycin, streptomycin
DTaP: inconsolable, seizures, fever
Tdap: latex allergy, Guillain-Barre, streptococcus
MMR and Varicella: gelatin, neomycin
Influenza: eggs, Guillain-Barre
HPV: Pregnant, yeast |
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Term
| Documentation with Immunization |
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Definition
Date (day/mo/yr)
Manufacturer and lot number
Name, address, and title of person administering
Site and route of admin.
Evidence of informed consent BEFORE immunization
--VIS (vaccine information statement) must be given
Adverse reaction info goes to Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System |
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Term
| Measles (Rubeolla) infection |
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Definition
Respiratory virus passed by direct contact, secretions, blood, urine
1 week incubation
Contagious 4-5 days before and 4-5 days after rash occurs
Symptoms are cold-like. Koplik spots (white spots in mouth) are prodromal (2 days before rash occurs).
Rash begins at hairline and moves down.
Turns brown when healing. Desquamation (peeling) may occur.
Management: Vit A, dim lights, encourage food, fluid, and bed rest. Administer antipruritics and antipyretics.
Complications: pneumonia, otitis media, blindness, brain damage, seizure |
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Term
| Mumps (paromixovirus) Infection |
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Definition
Transmitted by direct contact or droplet.
Contagious just before and after onset of symptoms.
Symptoms: Fever, HA, anorexia, malaise, "earache" when chewing r/t parotid gland, swollen cheeks
Complications: Potential sterility (especially if contracted after adolescence) r/t inflammation of gonads
Infections: encephalitis, meningitis
Treat with acetaminophen |
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Term
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Definition
Rubella is teratogenic
Transmitted by direct contact w/secretions: blood, urine, stool, & recently contacted surfaces
Contagious 7 days before and 5 days after symptoms begin
Symptoms: Fever, anorexia, HA, sore throat, cough, RASH (beginning from head, going down) maculopapular (red/raised)
Complications: deafness, blindness (cataracts), heart damage, swollen glands, arthritis
Immunization SE: Mild rash, arthritis/arthralgia, nerve damage, 1 in a million gets brain damage, pregnant woman can get gammaglobulins if exposed.
Kids can safely get vaccine if mother was exposed. |
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Term
| Epstein-Barr Virus (Mono, "The Kissing Disease" infectious mononucleosis) |
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Definition
Herpes virus family
Saliva is primary source of transmission
Symptoms: extreme fatigue, sore throat, HA
Symptoms may last 2 weeks to months
Associated with Burkitt's lymphoma
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Asian population |
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Term
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Definition
3 stages: macule to papule to vesicle
vesicle holds contagious fluid
Distribution of lesions is centripetal (from center/trunk out)
Other symptoms: fever, irritability
Complications (rare): bacterial infection (meningitis, pneumonia), hemorrhage into rash (looks like petechiae), thrombocytopenia (temporary)
Herpes Zoster: Shingles may occur in later life from virus being dormant in nerves |
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