Term
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Definition
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Term
| Social Cognitive theory creator(s) |
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Definition
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| Information processing creator |
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Definition
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Term
| Dynamic Systems creator(s) |
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Definition
| Bernstein, Thelen, Schmidt |
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Definition
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| Person-environment-occupation-performance (PEO model) creator |
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Definition
| Christiansen and Baum, 2005 |
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Term
| Ecology of human performance creator |
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Definition
| Dunn et al 1994 from Bronfenbreener, 1986 |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Occupation-based models are (top-down or bottom-up) approaches? |
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Definition
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Term
| Neuromaturational models are (top-down or bottom-up) approaches? |
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Definition
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Term
| An interview with the child's parents, teachers, and caregivers to obtain information about the child's developmental and functional strengths and limitations. |
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Definition
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Term
| standardized evaluations, structured observation, focused questions to assess many areas of developmental performance and functional behaviors and underlying reasons for limitations |
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Definition
| Assessment of performance |
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Term
| in-depth structured observations, focused standardized evaluations to analyze underlying reasons for limitations, focused standardized evaluations to analyze underlying reasons for limitations in performance and behavior. |
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Definition
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Term
| (evaluation part) Focused observations and interviews with parents and teachers to focus on supports and constraints of the child's performance. |
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Definition
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Term
| evaluating a child within the community setting |
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Definition
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Term
| Includes physical, social, and cultural factors |
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Definition
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Term
| A first step in consultation is _____ the child's disorder. |
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Definition
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Term
| Model for school inclusion-> therapist is present for 3 hours of the school day everyday. |
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Definition
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Term
| Model for school inclusion-> therapist is present for 3 hours of the school day everyday. |
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Definition
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Term
| Model for school inclusion- therapist designates one week each month to consultation and collaboration with the teacher |
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Definition
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Term
| A primary occupation of childhood |
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Definition
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Term
| The practical expression of theory that provides therapists with specific methods and guidelines for OT intervention. |
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Definition
| model of practice/frame of reference |
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Term
| In infants 6-12 months, sensorimotor play evolves into ____ play. |
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Definition
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Term
| For infants from birth to 6 months, what type of play predominates? |
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Definition
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Term
| when does an infant begin to use toys according to their functional purpose? |
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Definition
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Term
| At what age will an infant respond playfully to a mirror? |
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Definition
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Term
| At what age does an infant engage in relational and functional play? |
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Definition
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Term
| At what age can an infant/toddler engage in peer interactions? |
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Definition
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Term
| When can a child perform multiple related actions together? |
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Definition
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Term
| At what age can a child engage in group play? |
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Definition
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Term
| At what age is object permanence completely developed? |
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Definition
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Term
| At what age does a child begin to express affection and their own personal emotion? |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ is the key aspect of the OTPF. In children (Law and King), ____ is all children 19s goal. 1CThe nature and extent of a person 19s involvement in life situations (WHO) 1D |
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Definition
| Participation is the key aspect of the OTPF. In children (Law and King), Participation is all children 19s goal. 1CThe nature and extent of a person 19s involvement in life situations (WHO) 1D |
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Term
| What are the three areas that we look at for child participation factors? |
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Definition
| child, family,environment |
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Term
Which theory looks at the following:
Motor control and motor learning
Heterachy (more interactionally sideways), attractor state, degrees of freedom. |
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Definition
| The Dynamic Systems theory by Bernstein, Thelen, Schmidt |
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Term
| In what age range is play an important occupation for development? |
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Definition
| From infancy to middle school |
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Term
| What theory is used to explain motor development as the maturation of the CNS in a predictable sequence? |
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Definition
| neuromaturational theory (Gesell and Colleagues and MacGraw) |
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Term
Order the following in neuromaturational progression...
A) pelvic control for standing and walking
B) motor development
C) Primitive reflex patterns progressing to voluntary, controlled movement. May seem to serve functional needs at this time. |
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Definition
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Term
| A main contributor to the idea that development occurs through an interplay between the environment and the child's innate abilities. |
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Definition
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Term
| Who believed that children learn through social interaction? |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ ____ ____ refers to performance or action patterns that emerge from the interaction and cooperation of many systems, both internal and external to the child. |
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Definition
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Term
| The fit between the child and his or her environment |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the relationship between perception and action? |
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Definition
| They are interdependent and inextricably linked (reciprocal to eachother). |
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Term
| A child develops ____ perception by gaining knowledge and exploring with objects' shape, texture, and mass. |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False. Human development is believed to have relative plasticity. |
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Definition
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Term
| The first year of life is primarily a period of ____ ____ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| skill achievement (high adaptability is always a characteristic of a well-learned task.) |
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Term
| What are the three stages of learning? |
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Definition
1. exploratory activity
2. perceptual learning
3. skill achievement |
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Term
| Refers to a child's behavioral style, and is believed to be innate and learned. |
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Definition
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Term
| Refers to a child's internal characteristics that enable him or her to thrive and develop despite high-risk factors in the environment |
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Definition
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Term
| Define occupations (for children) |
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Definition
| the patterns of action that emerge through transaction between the child and environment and are the things the child wants to do or is expected to do. |
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Term
| 5 factors that contribute to occupational performance |
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Definition
1. motor and praxis
2. sensory-perceptual
3. emotional regulation
4. cognitive
5. communication and social skills |
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Term
| What is the broadest influence on children's occupations? |
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Definition
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Term
| another term for exploratory play |
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Definition
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Term
| An activity performed simply for the enjoyment of the physical sensation it creates |
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Definition
| exploratory/sensorimotor play |
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Term
| What developmental term is focused on attachment and bonding with parents? |
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Definition
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Term
| At what developmental stage can a child begin to sit independently, roll, get into a sitting position, and eventually crawl? |
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Definition
| 6-12mo. Crawling on all fours around 10months. Walking with hand held at 12 mo. |
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Term
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Definition
| When an object's purpose is understood |
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Term
| age at which children can engage in symbolic play with real props? |
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Definition
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Term
| Important age at which symbolic or imaginary play are central to the child practicing the skills of living. |
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Definition
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Term
| At what age can a baby exhibit habituation? |
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Definition
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Term
| By what month can an infant hold their head upright with control for long periods of time? |
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Definition
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Term
| At what month do infants enjoy standing up? |
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Definition
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Term
| What three types of play predominate early childhood (2-5yrs)? |
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Definition
1. pretend or symbolic play
2. constructive play
3. rough-and-tumble or physical play |
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Term
| At what age do children demonstrate walking patterns similar to adult? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do we measure participation? |
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Definition
Self care
Community mobility
High demand leisure (skilled sports and activities)
Low demand leisure (ex. Watching tv)
Social interaction
Domestic
Education |
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Term
| What is the purpose of the activity cardsort (PACS)? |
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Definition
| Pre-school age appropriate activities are shown and the parent or caregiver determines if the child is capable of doing that activity. |
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Term
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Definition
| preferences for activities of children |
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Term
| What does CAPE stand for? |
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Definition
| Children's assessment of participation and enjoyment |
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Term
| What does the APS scale measure? |
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Definition
| The assistance to participate scale measures the level of assistance that a school aged child with a disability requires to participate in play and leisure activities in the home and community, from the primary caregiver's perspective. |
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Term
| what frame of reference does the SCOPE use? |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False- the SCOPE is a norm-referenced tool. |
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Definition
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Term
| SCOPE is primarily meant for group measure (T/F) |
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Definition
| False- can be used for individual or groups |
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Term
| Can you use medical records to fill in a SCOPE? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the FAIR rating scale stand for? |
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Definition
| Facilitates, Allows, Inhibits, Restricts |
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Term
| What are two MAIN pieces of information that can be derived from a SCOPE evaluation? |
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Definition
| A client's strengths and weaknesses. |
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Term
| What are the 6 sections of the SCOPE? |
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Definition
volition
habituation
communication and interaction skills
Process skills
motor skills
environment |
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Term
| What are the domains of the SCOPE? |
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Definition
| Personal factors and environment |
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Term
| What domain covers motor/praxis skills? |
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Definition
| Plan and making decisions/ problem solving |
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Term
| T/F- you must follow a structured interview format in order to successfully administer a SCOPE. |
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Definition
| False, there is no one particular format for administering. |
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Term
| What does SCOPE stand for? |
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Definition
| The short child occupational profile |
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Term
| Brain’s ability to recognize and interpret internal and external sensory information for performance skills. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the commonly recognized senses (5) |
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Definition
Vision
Audition
Somatosensory (tactile, touch)
Gustation
Olfaction |
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Term
| T/F- SCOPE is used only for initial evaluation? |
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Definition
| False, can be used throughout therapy |
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Term
| The goal of SCOPE is to compare the child with themselves, rather than their same-aged peers (T/F) |
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Definition
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Term
| The tree dimensions of doing (MOHO) include: |
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Definition
1) occupational participation (engage in school)
2) occupational performance (tasks at school)
3) occupational skills (actions within a task, grasping and holding a pencil) |
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Term
| how person's perceive their effectiveness |
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Definition
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Term
| When do we use the SCOPE? |
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Definition
| initially, to evaluate progress, or an outcomes evaluation. |
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Term
| How long does a SCOPE take to administer? |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F- you can use informal observations in open settings to administer the SCOPE. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the rating scale for SCOPE? |
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Definition
| FAIR F-acilitates A-llows I-nhibits R-estricts |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is the numerical breakdown of the SCOPE rating scale? |
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Definition
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Term
Which section of the scope?
Exploration
- Expression of Enjoyment
- Showing Preferences and Making Choices
- Response to Challenge |
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Definition
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Term
Which section of the SCOPE?
- Daily Activities
- Response to Transitions
- Routine
- Roles |
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Definition
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Term
Which section of the SCOPE?
- Understand and Uses Objects
- Orientation to Environment
- Plan and Make Decisions
- Problem-Solving |
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Definition
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Term
Which section of SCOPE?
- Posture and Mobility
- Coordination
Strength
Energy and Endurance |
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Definition
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Term
Which section of SCOPE?
- Physical Space
- Physical Resources
- Social Groups
- Occupational Demands
- Family Routine |
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Definition
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Term
| “Product of the dynamic relationship among persons, their occupations and roles and the environments in which they live.” Law, Cooper et al. 1996 |
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Definition
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Term
| Who is the client in pediatric practice? |
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Definition
| Child (first), parents, caregivers, social supports (friends, coaches, teachers, etc.) |
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Term
| When does a child begin to demonstrate autonomy? |
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Definition
| 2-4 years, autonomy dominates the psychosocial development. |
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Term
| 3 components of the family system: |
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Definition
1)structure
2)developmental stages
3) adaptation to change |
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Term
| enmeshment----disengagement |
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Definition
| cohesion continuum for families |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| culturally linguistically appropriate services |
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Term
| Family centered care (FCC) is more “doing to,” rather than "doing" |
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Definition
| FALSE... FCC the family should be doing. |
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Term
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Definition
| modification of an activity to meet the child where they are at |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Degrace suggests that we move from thinking only about the “doing” of the child and focus on the “____” of the family. |
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Definition
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Term
| refers to integrated patterns of human behavior that include racial, ethnic, religious, or social groups. “Competence “ implies having the capacity to function effectively as an individual and an organization within the context of the cultural beliefs, behaviors , and needs presented by consumers and their communities. (U.S. Department of HHS, 2000) |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some examples of self-stemming behaviors? |
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Definition
| spinning, repetitive hand motions, constant touch to an object, tapping or clicking, humming, watching lights/fans. |
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Term
| What percentage of children with disabilities live in poverty? |
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Definition
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Term
| Mothers who are abused domestically are likely to have children with ___ ___ ___ even if they aren't a direct target of abuse. |
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Definition
| Developmental Trauma disorder. |
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Term
| In a medical team, when individuals make their own individual plan, the team is considered _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| In a ______ team, OT/PT and other involved medical personnel come together to make a intervention plan together. |
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Definition
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Term
| In a ____ team approach, a leader is designated. |
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Definition
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Term
| Early intervention is moving towards what kind of model? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1. occupation is essential to health
2. occupations change to meet demands
3. occupation can be used therapeutically. |
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Term
| Factors impacting occupation |
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Definition
| person factors and environmental |
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Term
| Efforts aimed at fixing the problem by improving some aspect of the individual |
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Definition
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Term
| Efforts aimed at working around a problem by using other components of the individual or environment to improve occupation |
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Definition
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Term
| Initiatives taken by a therapist on behalf of the client to pursue a change in the environment that will enhance occupation |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1. Client Factors
2. performance skills
3. performance patterns
4. activity demands
5. areas of occupation
6. context and environment. |
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Term
| Describe the evaluation process steps |
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Definition
Referral
Occupational Profile
Evaluation
Analyze occupational performance
Recommendations
Document results & recommendations |
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Term
Describes client’s occupational history, patterns of living, interests, values, and needs
Identify client’s priorities. What are client’s needs, wants and concerns re: engaging in occupations
Frame client concerns and issues within the domain of occupational therapy |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Perceived Efficacy and Goal Setting for Children with Disability |
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Term
| PEGS cards are used by the child or parent? |
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Definition
| The child to determine their own personal goals. |
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Term
Purpose: developmental assessment that determines how neuromotor and musculoskeletal components affect engagement in home and school activities and participation in child’s world
Age range: 2yrs 6mos to 7yrs 11mos
Time 40-60 min and 5 min observations of home, school and test behaviors |
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Definition
| Miller Function and Participation Scales, 2006 |
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Term
| Purposes of standardized tests |
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Definition
Assist in determination of a medical or educational diagnosis
Document a child’s developmental and functional status
Aid the planning of an intervention program
Measure variables in research studies |
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Term
| Which has a normal distribution of scores? Norm-referenced or criterion based standardized assessments? |
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Definition
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Term
Abilities
Actions
Tasks
Occupations |
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Definition
| Occupation Defined by Christiansen & Baum (2005 |
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Term
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Definition
| Occupation defined by Clark and scholars |
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Term
| how to calculate a z-score |
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Definition
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Term
| how to calculate a t-score |
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Definition
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Term
| What characterizes a type 1 assessment and give 2 examples given from class |
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Definition
Type 1 assessments are global assessments given to both typically developing children and disabled children.
Denver
Ages and Stages
Bayley's Scales for infant development (BSID) |
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Term
| What characterizes a type 2 assessment and give 3 examples of this. |
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Definition
A type 2 assessment is given to a child who is already determined to be "at risk" or has a diagnosis.
short Brunicks
short sensory profile
Miller assessment for preschoolers |
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Term
| What are the two divisions of the IDEA and what age groups fall under each? |
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Definition
IDEA part B= 3-21yo, OT must be seen with PT or speech
IDEA part C= 0-2yo |
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Term
| What is a percentile score and how do you calculate it? |
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Definition
| A percentile score is the number of scores that are at or below a particular raw score. You calculate it = (number below score+ .5x number at the score)/total number X 100 |
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Term
| Calculate the percentile scores for 22, 25, 69, 99. |
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Definition
PR low= 12.5
PR high= 87.5 |
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Term
| How do you calculate variance? |
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Definition
(individual scores-mean)^2
add all individuals of this together and divide by the number of scores. The square root of variance is equal to standard deviations. |
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Term
Calculate variance and standard deviation for this data set:
1, 2, 3, 3, 4, 5, |
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Definition
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Term
| How do you calculate SEM to determine a confidence interval? |
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Definition
SEM= SD sqrt(1-r)
r will be given as reliability constant for the individual test
Take +/- SEM from the score to form your confidence interval. |
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Term
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Definition
| Assistance to Participate Scale (APS) Bourke-Taylor, Law and Howie, 2010 |
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Term
| What age is PACS used for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What ages are PAC and CAPE used for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Life-H used for and is it norm-based or criterion based? |
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Definition
| Assessment of Life Habits (LIFE-H) for Children is used to assess a 5-13 year old's level of satisfaction, accomplishments, and needed assistance in habits. |
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Term
| Are the CAPE and PAC criterion or norm based? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| sensory integration (Ayres) is top down or bottom up? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Developmental models are top down or bottom up? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| motor learning is top down or bottom up? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| psychosocial models are top down or bottom up? |
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Definition
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Term
| What five things are addressed in OTPF domain? |
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Definition
client factors
performance skills
performance patterns
environment and context
activity demands |
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Term
| What systems develop first, second, and third in the womb? |
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Definition
1. tactile (6week ga)
2. vestibular (9th week ga)
3. auditory |
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Term
| ability to identify common objects is known as... |
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Definition
|
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Term
| ability to identify symbols drawn on the back of your hand or back is known as |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Tactile defensiveness- PNS or CNS process? |
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Definition
| CNS process: contributes to poor self-regulation. won’t eat certain texture foods, tags on clothes, types of clothes (waistband, sweaters, etc.), hair cutting. CNS responses are more emotional responses. |
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Term
| loss of sensation? CNS or PNS |
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Definition
| PNS. PNS process: contributes to decrease function and skin breakdown |
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Term
Modulating or Discriminative Awareness of
Position
Posture
Direction
Force
Speed
Range of movement
Weight discrimination |
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Definition
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Term
Regulates equilibrium and balance
Influences muscle tone
Strongly connected to eye musculature affecting vestibular ocular reflexes |
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Definition
|
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Term
What theory?
Newborn interacts with environment through five behavioral subsystems
Physiologic/Autonomic
Motor
State
Attentional
Self-regulation |
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Definition
| Synactive Theory of Development by Heideleise Als |
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Term
| According to Synactive theory, when will a child "come-out" and interact? |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Synactive theory, when will a child show good social interaction (what is this called)? |
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Definition
| reciprocity after 36 weeks. |
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Term
1 to 42 months
Cognitive
Motor
Norm referenced
type 1 |
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Definition
| Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II |
|
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Term
| What does the author Schon call for? |
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Definition
| a reflective practitioner |
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