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Pediatric GI
Special Pops Final Exam
23
Pharmacology
Professional
05/05/2014

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
chemoreceptor trigger zone
Definition
located outside the BBB and serves as emetic chemoreceptor for the vomiting center
Term
vagal afferent system
Definition
mainly receives input from the GI tract and is activated by distension or irritation of the GI from various causes; SEROTONIN
Term
vestibular system
Definition
vomiting associated with motion sickness, inner ear disorders, vertigo; MUSCARINIC and HISTAMINE receptors
Term
higher cortical centers
Definition
pathway not well understood, may involve non-anatomical causes for vomiting (stress induced n/v, psych or behavior)
Term
nausea therapy vs. oral rehydration
Definition
if PT is unable to tolerate PO and is showing s/sx of dehydration or electrolyte imbalances, oral rehydration would be appropriate anti-nausea
Term
loperamide, diphenoxylate/atropine
Definition
chronic, non-infectious, uncomplicated diarrhea, >2 yrs of age and NON-acute cases
Term
probiotics for diarrhea
Definition
lactobacillus, prevent/treat antibiotic-induced diarrhea > 2 years old and NON-acute cases ONLY
Term
rotavirus vaccine
Definition
reduces rotavirus-induced diarrhea, more effective at reducing sever cases
Term
oral anti-constipation meds
Definition
mineral oil, PEG solutions
Term
alternatives to oral anti-constipation
Definition
mag hydroxide, mag citrate, lactulose, sorbitol, senna, bisicodyl
Term
rectal anti-constipation
Definition
phosphate soda, mineral oil/ phos soda, saline, glycerin, bisacodyl, milk of molasses
Term
stimulant anti-constipation
Definition
bisacodyl, senna
Term
osmotic anti-constipation
Definition
phosphate soda, saline, lactulose, mag/citrate (hydroxide)
Term
lubricant/ osmotic
Definition
mineral oil/ phos soda
Term
GERD complications
Definition
stunted growth, decreased WT gain, esophageal inflammation, Barrett's esophagus
Term
when to treat GERD in infants
Definition
complicated GER (H2 blk/ PPI), poor wt gain, failure to thrive
Term
when to treat GERD in >2 years old
Definition
recurrent regurgitation/ vomiting (prokinetic agent), chronic heartburn/ esophagitis (h2 ro PPI for 2-4 wks), when asthma + GER coexist (trial of acid suppression med avoiding aspiration pneumonia)
Term
potential appropriate GERD treatments for peds
Definition
smaller/ less frequent feedings, thickening feeds and hypoallergenic formulas, elevate head 30 min, dietary modification and weight reduction
Term
H2 blks
Definition
ranitidine, famotidine (NO cimetidine)
Term
PPIs
Definition
omeprazole and lansoprazole, pantoprazole
Term
antacids
Definition
short term, acute, intermediate GER: children's mylants, maalox, pepto *not if fever presents* calcium carb, or tums
Term
aluminum contain antacids
Definition
use cautiously due to CNS toxicity
Term
prokinetics
Definition
metoclopramide, erythromycin succinate
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